The relationship between performance on the medical genetics and genomics in-training and certifying examinations.

Purpose: The American Board of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ABMGG) certifying examinations (CEs) are designed to assess relevant basic knowledge, clinical knowledge, and diagnostic skills of board-eligible candidates in primary specialty areas. The ABMGG in-training examinations (ITEs) provide formative feedback regarding knowledge and learning over time and assess readiness to attempt board certification. This study addresses the validity of the ABMGG ITE by evaluating its relationship with performance on CE utilizing established psychometric approaches.

Surveillance for Vector-borne Diseases Among Active and Reserve Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2016-2020.

This report summarizes data from electronic reports of reportable medical events (RMEs) to examine the incidence of vector-borne infectious diseases among members of the U.S. Armed Forces during a recent 5-year period.

Re-evaluation of the Case Definition for Incident Cases of Malaria.

The has been publishing the results of surveillance studies of malaria since 1995. The standard case definition uses Medical Event Reports and records of hospitalizations in counting cases of malaria. This report summarizes the performance of the standard case definition in estimating incident cases of malaria from 2015 through 2017.

Incidence rates of diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2007-2016.

During 2007-2016, 18.1% of all active component service members were diagnosed with at least one of the five risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) studied in this analysis. In addition, 0.

Surveillance for vector-borne diseases among active and reserve component service members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2010-2016.

This report summarizes available health record information about the occurrence of vector-borne infectious diseases among members of the U.S. Armed Forces during a recent 7-year surveillance period.

Update: Cold weather injuries, active and reserve components, U.S. Armed Forces, July 2012-June 2017.

From July 2016 through June 2017, a total of 387 members of the active (n=328) and reserve (n=59) components had at least one medical encounter with a primary diagnosis of cold injury. Among active component service members, the total number of cold injuries in the 2016-2017 cold season was the lowest since 1999 and the overall incidence rate was lower than in any of the previous four cold seasons. Frostbite was the most common type of cold injury.

Incidence of intestinal infections, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2007-2016.

During 2007-2016, there were 1,753 diagnosed cases of intestinal infection among active component service members. The overall rate for the period was 14.1 cases per 100,000 person-years (p-yrs), but the annual incidence rates steadily increased from 7.

Diagnoses of traumatic brain injury not clearly associated with deployment, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2001-2016.

From 2001 through 2016, a total of 276,858 active component service members received first-time diagnoses of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Person-time and incident cases of TBI were assigned to one of three groups. included only service members' person-time before their first-ever deployments.

Update: Cold weather injuries, active and reserve components, U.S. Armed Forces, July 2011-June 2016.

From July 2015 through June 2016, a total of 447 members of the active (n=383) and reserve (n=64) components had at least one medical encounter with a primary diagnosis of cold injury. The numbers of affected individuals in both components were the lowest since the 2011-2012 cold season, when the total was 394. In the active component, the service-specific incidence rates for each of the four services were lower than the respective rates for the previous (2014-2015) cold season.

Incidence of hiatal hernia in service members, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2005-2014.

From 2005 through 2014, a total of 27,276 active component service members had incident diagnoses of hiatal hernia documented in their medical records. The overall incidence rate was 19.7 cases per 10,000 person-years (p-yrs); annual incidence rates ranged from 16.

Incidence of abdominal hernias in service members, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2005-2014.

From 1 January 2005 through 31 December 2014, a total of 87,480 incident diagnoses of the five types of abdominal hernia (incidence rate 63.3 cases per 10,000 person-years) were documented in the health records of 72,404 active component service members. The overall incidence rate of inguinal hernias among males was six times the rate among females.

Update: Urinary stones, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2011-2015.

Urinary stones can cause debilitating morbidity that impairs the operational effectiveness of affected members of the U.S. Armed Forces.

Follow-up analysis of the incidence of acute respiratory infections among enlisted service members during their first year of military service before and after the 2011 resumption of adenovirus vaccination of basic trainees.

This analysis estimated the incidence rates of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) during the first year of military service for service members in 16 cohorts (designated 1999 through 2014) based on the years in which they began their service. That first year of service was divided into two separate follow-up periods: the first 3 months of service (corresponding to the period of initial entry training) and the next 9 months of service (months 4-12). The surveillance period covered service members whose first years of service were before and after the 2011 resumption of the administration of adenovirus vaccines, types 4 and 7, to enlisted trainees at the beginning of their initial training periods.

Incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2005-2014.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition among adults that can cause symptoms such as frequent heartburn, substernal chest pain, and regurgitation of food. During 2005-2014, a total of 137,081 active component service members had an incident (first-ever) diagnosis of GERD (incidence rate: 101.3 per 10,000 person-years).

Risk of Mental Health Disorders Following an Initial Diagnosis of Postpartum Depression, Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 1998-2010.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions of the postpartum period. Several studies have found an association between PPD and other mental health disorders. The Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) was used to identify a cohort of primiparous service women with PPD between 1998 and 2010 and match them by month of delivery to a cohort of women without PPD.

Incidence and prevalence of diagnoses of eye disorders of refraction and accommodation, active component service members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2000-2014.

More than half of service members on duty in the active component of the U.S. Armed Forces in July 2014 had been previously diagnosed with at least one of the eye disorders of refraction and accommodation examined in this report.

Measles and mumps among service members and other beneficiaries of the U.S. Military Health System, January 2007-December 2014.

Measles and mumps are highly communicable infectious diseases whose causative viruses are spread through airborne droplets and infected surfaces. Individuals at highest risk are infants and unvaccinated individuals. Despite effective vaccines, there have been recent increases in incidence in the U.

Incidence of Salmonella infections among service members of the active and reserve components of the U.S. Armed Forces and among other beneficiaries of the Military Health System, 2000-2013.

This report reviews the incidence of cases of typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella infections based on diagnoses recorded in healthcare records and reported through the Armed Forces reportable medical event (RME) system. During 2000-2013, there were 1,815 incident cases of non-typhoidal Salmonella and 456 incident cases of typhoidal Salmonella diagnosed in the active component force. The crude incidence rate for non-typhoidal Salmonella was 0.

Panel 1: medical surveillance prior to, during, and following potential environmental exposures.

This review assesses the Department of Defense approach to medical surveillance of environmental exposures during deployments. Seven steps in the process are reviewed: (1) exposure assessment, (2) identification of the target population, (3) surveillance for current exposures, (4) surveillance for long-term effects, (5) record keeping for environmental data, (6) analysis of surveillance data, and (7) communication of results. Exposures need to be evaluated as soon as they are recognized, and potentially exposed individuals should be identified at the time of the exposure.

Effect of preventive (beta blocker) treatment, behavioural migraine management, or their combination on outcomes of optimised acute treatment in frequent migraine: randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To determine if the addition of preventive drug treatment (β blocker), brief behavioural migraine management, or their combination improves the outcome of optimised acute treatment in the management of frequent migraine.

Design: Randomised placebo controlled trial over 16 months from July 2001 to November 2005.

Setting: Two outpatient sites in Ohio, USA.

Do psychiatric comorbidities influence headache treatment outcomes? Results of a naturalistic longitudinal treatment study.

This study examined if the presence of one or more psychiatric disorders influences headache treatment outcomes in patients in headache specialty treatment centers. Using a naturalistic, longitudinal design, 223 patients receiving preventive therapy for headache disorders completed 30-day daily diaries that assessed headache days/month and severity at acute therapy baseline and 6-month evaluation and also provided data on headache disability and quality of life at acute therapy baseline, preventive therapy initiation, preventive therapy adjustment, and 6-month evaluation visits. Psychiatric diagnoses were determined using the Primary Care Evaluation for Mental Disorders (PRIME MDs).

Race differences in adherence to headache treatment appointments in persons with headache disorders.

Purpose: This research characterized patterns and predictors of adherence to headache treatment appointments in patients presenting at headache specialty treatment clinics throughout Ohio.

Basic Procedures: Participants were 186 patients (118 white, 68 African Americans, 89% female) in headache treatment clinics in Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus and Toledo, OH. The study used a naturalistic longitudinal cohort design and assessed patients during four treatment visits (pretreatment, one-month follow-up, two-month follow-up and six-month follow-up).