Nuclear Medicine to Evaluate Complications of Cerebral Shunts: Two Cases and Review of Literature.

We present two cases of cerebral shunts - a ventriculopleural shunt and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, with their associated complications. We also hope to provide a comprehensive literature review on various imaging modalities, including nuclear medicine studies in evaluating cerebral shunt complications.

Long-term outcomes with the use of bioprosthetic plugs for the management of complex anal fistulas.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine the long-term outcomes of patients whose anal fistulas were managed by use of bioprosthetic plugs.

Method: A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients whose anal fistula was managed by use of a bioprosthetic plug between May 2005 and September 2006, who had a minimum of 1 year of follow-up since their last treatment. Patients whose fistulas were clinically healed were offered MRI to confirm healing of the fistula.

Neurosarcoidosis mimicking a malignant optic glioma.

A 55-year-old African-American man developed progressive unilateral optic neuropathy and periocular pain. MRI showed thickening and enhancement of the mid-orbital segment of the ipsilateral optic nerve. Optic neuritis was diagnosed, and he was treated with corticosteroids without improvement.