Contact Tracing and the COVID-19 Response in Africa: Best Practices, Key Challenges, and Lessons Learned from Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, and Uganda.

Most African countries have recorded relatively lower COVID-19 burdens than Western countries. This has been attributed to early and strong political commitment and robust implementation of public health measures, such as nationwide lockdowns, travel restrictions, face mask wearing, testing, contact tracing, and isolation, along with community education and engagement. Other factors include the younger population age strata and hypothesized but yet-to-be confirmed partially protective cross-immunity from parasitic diseases and/or other circulating coronaviruses.

The contribution of the Medical Education Partnership Initiative to Africa's renewal.

African countries gained independence from colonialism five decades ago with high expectations. Initial positive achievements were not sustained, however, and the continent slumped on many fronts. Medical schools were not spared: Many declined, became inward looking, and suffered from massive migration of health professionals to richer countries, commonly known as "brain drain.