Foot infection by Clostridium sordellii: case report and review of 15 cases in France.

We report a case of foot infection by Clostridium sordellii and review 15 human infections registered at a Reference Center in France during the period 1998 to 2011. All strains were found nontoxigenic, lacking the lethal toxin gene coding for TcsL. Like Clostridium septicum, several C.

Multilocus analysis reveals diversity in the genus Tissierella: description of Tissierella carlieri sp. nov. in the new class Tissierellia classis nov.

The genus Tissierella and its relatives Tepidimicrobium, Soehngenia and Sporanaerobacter comprise anaerobic Gram-positive bacilli classified along with Gram-positive cocci in a family with controversial placement designated as incertae sedis XI, in the phylum Firmicutes. We performed a top-down reappraisal of the taxonomy from the phylum to the species level within the genus Tissierella. Reconstruction of high-rank 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenies and their interpretation in a taxonomic purpose allowed defining Tissierellia classis nov.

Clostridium clostridioforme and Atopobium minutum clinical isolates with vanB-type resistance in France.

Acquired vancomycin resistance in Gram-positive anaerobes has been reported only in Australia and Canada from rare vanB-positive stool samples in the absence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). We report the emergence of VanB-type resistance in Clostridium clostridioforme and Atopobium minutum involved in human infections in France.

Proposal to unify Clostridium orbiscindens Winter et al. 1991 and Eubacterium plautii (Séguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, with description of Flavonifractor plautii gen. nov., comb. nov., and reassignment of Bacteroides capillosus to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus gen. nov., comb. nov.

We isolated several strains from various clinical samples (five samples of blood, four of intra-abdominal pus and one of infected soft tissue) that were anaerobic, motile or non-motile and Gram-positive rods. Some of the strains formed spores. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that these organisms could be placed within clostridial cluster IV as defined by Collins et al.

Evaluation of the new Vitek 2 ANC card for identification of medically relevant anaerobic bacteria.

Of 261 anaerobic clinical isolates tested with the new Vitek 2 ANC card, 257 (98.5%) were correctly identified at the genus level. Among the 251 strains for which identification at the species level is possible with regard to the ANC database, 217 (86.

Acidaminococcus intestini sp. nov., isolated from human clinical samples.

Eleven strains of a hitherto unknown, Gram-negative, anaerobic coccus were recovered from various human clinical samples of patients hospitalized in two geographically distant French hospitals. These strains displayed the morphology and growth characteristics of those related to the genus Acidaminococcus. The clinical isolates shared at least 99.

Bacteremia caused by a metronidazole-resistant Prevotella sp. strain.

Metronidazole resistance among Prevotella spp. is rare. We report here the first case of bacteremia due to a high-level metronidazole-resistant Prevotella sp.

In vitro activities of cefotaxime, vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid and other antibiotics alone and in combination against Propionibacterium acnes isolates from central nervous system infections.

Objectives: To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibilities of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from central nervous system (CNS) infections to agents used in current treatment regimens.

Methods: MICs of 16 reference antibiotics were determined by an agar dilution method for 24 consecutive strains of P. acnes isolated from individual patients with intracranial empyema or brain abscess.

Oribacterium sinus gen. nov., sp. nov., within the family 'Lachnospiraceae' (phylum Firmicutes).

A hitherto unknown anaerobic bacillus isolated from sinus pus in a young child (strain AIP 354.02T) was characterized by using phenotypic and genotypic methods. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that this strain was phylogenetically affiliated with several sequences of cloned 16S rRNA gene inserts previously deposited in the public databases.

Osteosynthesis-associated bone infection caused by a nonproteolytic, nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum-like strain.

A nonproteolytic, nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum strain identified by conventional and molecular techniques as type B-, E-, or F-like (BEF-like) was isolated from a human postsurgical wound. All previous reports of such strains have been from environmental sources. Since toxin production is the main taxonomic denominator for C.

Genotypic differentiation of twelve Clostridium species by polymorphism analysis of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene.

Housekeeping genes encoding metabolic enzymes may provide alternative markers to 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) for genotypic and phylogenetic characterization of bacterial species. We have developed a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay, targeting the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene, which allows the differentiation of twelve pathogenic Clostridium species. Degenerate primers constructed from alignments of tpi sequences of various gram-positive bacteria allowed the amplification of a 501 bp target region in the twelve Clostridium type strains.

Biochemical-genetic analysis and distribution of DES-1, an Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans.

Desulfovibrio spp. are gram-negative anaerobes phylogenetically related to Bacteroides spp., which are rarely isolated and which are mostly isolated from intra-abdominal abscesses.