Percutaneous management of chronic total occlusion of the portal vein: a retrospective analysis of technical aspects and outcomes.

Background: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the portal vein is one of the main causes of portal hypertension, which may result in life-threatening complications often managed by interventional radiology (IR). The aim of this study is to report the innovative experience with percutaneous revascularization therapy in the management of portal vein CTO in paediatric and adult patients.

Materials And Methods: From January 2020 to December 2023 consecutive paediatric and adult patients with severe portal hypertension resulting from portal vein CTO who underwent attempts at percutaneous recanalization were retrospectively reviewed.

Technical and Clinical Outcomes of Laparoscopic-Laparotomic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Thermal Ablation with Microwave Technology: Case Series and Review of Literature.

Purpose: To evaluate technical and clinical outcomes of intraoperative (laparoscopic/laparotomic) microwave ablation on HCC.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study evaluating consecutive patients treated for very early/early-stage HCC with intraoperative microwave ablation from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2023. In these patients, a percutaneous US-guided approach was excluded due to the nodule's suboptimal visibility or harmful location and liver resection for a deep position or adherences.

Current Endovascular Management of Arterial Complications After Pediatric Liver Transplantation in a Tertiary Center.

Purpose: Pediatric liver transplant surgery is burdened by arterial complications whose endovascular treatment is not standardized. We report the outcomes of a cohort of pediatric recipients with hepatic artery complications treated by endoluminal procedures.

Materials And Methods: From December 2019 to December 2022, consecutive transplanted pediatric patients who underwent endovascular treatment of hepatic artery complications were reviewed.

CT renal arteriography as a novel imaging guidance for the percutaneous ablation of small renal tumors.

Purpose: To report procedural data and outcomes of a novel image guidance technique, CT renal arteriography (CTRA), performed to target and ablate small intraparenchymal renal tumors.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 2 patients undergoing CTRA-guided ablation for 3 renal intraparenchymal tumors, from February to March 2023. We previously evaluated tumor visibility with US/CEUS, and in all cases conspicuity was poor, whereas contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) clearly depicted all hypervascular nodules.

US-guided percutaneous thrombin injection to treat non-femoral artery pseudoaneurysms: preliminary experience and review of the literature.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcome of US-guided percutaneous thrombin injection in the treatment of non-femoral artery pseudoaneurysms (NFAP).

Materials And Methods: Among all pseudoaneurysms treated in our institution, we retrospectively collected NFAP embolized with percutaneous thrombin injections from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021. The embolization was prompted for an ongoing antiaggregating/anticoagulation therapy, NFAP optimal US visibility, or high surgery-related risks.

Embolization in Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Review of Indications, Procedures, and Clinical Outcomes.

Embolization in pediatric patients encompasses a large spectrum of indications, ranging from the elective treatment of congenital diseases of the cardiovascular system to the urgent management of acute hemorrhagic conditions. In particular, the endovascular treatment of central and peripheral vascular malformations and hypervascular tumors represents a wide chapter for both congenital and acquired situations. Thanks to the progressive availability of low-profile endovascular devices and new embolic materials, the mini-invasive approach has gradually overtaken surgery.

The Role of Imaging in Portal Vein Thrombosis: From the Diagnosis to the Interventional Radiological Management.

Purpose: To illustrate diagnostic and interventional imaging for the characterization and treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT).

Introduction: The broad spectrum of congenital and acquired PVT manifestations is illustrated, with a focus on the pediatric population; diagnostic and interventional imaging techniques are described.

Description: PVT frequently presents as an incidental finding at imaging in the screening for liver diseases or for other unrelated reasons.

Embolisation of the parenchymal tract after percutaneous portal vein catheterization: a retrospective comparison of outcomes with different techniques in two centres.

Background: Embolisation of the parenchymal tract is a key step after any other transhepatic or transplenic percutaneous portal vein catheterization since eventual venous bleeding is difficult to control and may require surgical management. Different techniques have been proposed to perform tract embolisation. The aim of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of different techniques of haemostasis of the parenchymal tract.

Accuracy of Inflow Inversion Recovery (IFIR) for Upper Abdominal Arteries Evaluation: Comparison with Contrast-Enhanced MR and CTA.

Background: Inflow-sensitive inversion recovery (IFIR) is a recently introduced technique to perform unenhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The purpose of our study is to determine the accuracy of IFIR-MRA in the evaluation of upper abdominal arteries, compared to standard MRA and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Materials and Methods: Seventy patients undergoing upper abdomen Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in different clinical settings were enrolled.

Quantitative Assessment of Late Gadolinium Enhancement and Edema at Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Low-Risk Myocarditis Patients.

In this study, we aimed to quantify LGE and edema at short-tau inversion recovery sequences on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with myocarditis. We retrospectively evaluated CMR examinations performed during the acute phase and at follow-up. Forty-seven patients were eligible for retrospective LGE assessment, and, among them, twenty-five patients were eligible for edema evaluation.

A New Biodegradable Stent to Improve the Management of Biliary Strictures in Pediatric Split Liver Transplantation.

Purpose: Cholestasis due to benign biliary strictures is the most common biliary complication after pediatric split liver transplantation (SLT), decreasing graft survival, but consensus about its management lacks. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, bilioplasty and internal-external biliary drainage (IEBD) are standard treatments. The aim of this report is to present the preliminary experience with a new biodegradable biliary stent in the management of post-SLT biliary strictures.

Biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation: findings of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in a large single-center cohort.

Background: Although biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation represent a common source of morbidity and mortality, decreasing graft survival, consensus is lacking on their management in the pediatric population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present the prevalence of such biliary complications and their interventional radiologic management with representative images.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study reports our experience with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in the management of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation in pediatric patients.

Arterioportal Fistulas (APFs) in Pediatric Patients: Single Center Experience with Interventional Radiological versus Conservative Management and Clinical Outcomes.

Arterioportal fistulas (APFs) are uncommon vascular abnormalities with a heterogeneous etiology. In pediatric orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), APFs are frequently iatrogenic, following percutaneous liver interventions. The aim of this study was to report the 10-year experience of a tertiary referral center for pediatric OLT in the interventional radiological (IR) and conservative management of acquired APFs.

Diagnostic Value of Global Cardiac Strain in Patients With Myocarditis.

Background: Cardiac strain represents an imaging biomarker of contractile dysfunction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of cardiac strain obtained by feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) in acute myocarditis.

Materials And Methods: Cardiac MR examinations of 46 patients with myocarditis and preserved ejection fraction at acute phase and follow-up were analyzed along with cardiac MR of 46 healthy age- and sex-matched controls.