Confocal laser endomicroscopy as a new diagnostic tool for poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease, where both environmental and genetic features can have an impact on its occurrence and development. GC represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. GC is most frequent in males and is believed to arise from a series of premalignant lesions.

Locking plates for distal fibula fractures in young and elderly patients: A retrospective study.

Background: Ankle fractures are common injuries in the young and elderly populations. To prevent post-traumatic arthritis, an anatomic reconstruction of the ankle structure is mandatory. Open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice among orthopaedics.

The Efficacy of Conservative Treatment of Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome: A Scoping Review of the Last Ten Years of Literature.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to conduct a literature search assessing the efficacy of various conservative treatments of BMES.

Methods: According to the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was conducted in April 2021 in MEDLINE database via PubMed and Embase to identify original articles describing the results of conservative treatments for BMES of hip and knee published in the last ten years. For each study, information regarding study characteristics, description of the treatment, patient's demographic and clinical data, length of follow-up, clinical outcome measure, disability, adverse events, classification, and extent and of edema on MRI, were extracted.

Misdiagnosed desmoid fibromatosis of the chest wall presenting in emergency like as recurrence of post-traumatic hematoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction And Importance: Desmoid Fibromatosis (DF) represents a rare neoplasm developing from fascial and musculoaponeurotic structures. Preoperative diagnosis of DF is a challenge because of its rarity and nonspecific presentation. Imaging may be helpful for determining the correct diagnosis.

Management of acute length-unstable Monteggia fractures in children: A case report.

Background: Monteggia fractures are uncommon injuries in paediatric age. Treatment algorithms assert that length-unstable fractures are treated with plate fixation. In this case report, intramedullary fixation of an acute length-unstable Monteggia fracture allowed a stable reduction to be achieved, along with an appropriate ulnar length and alignment as well as radio capitellar reduction despite the fact that the orthopaedic surgeon did not use a plate for the ulnar fracture.

Use of short stems in revision of standard femoral stem: A case report.

Background: Short stems are usually uncemented prosthetics and are recommended in the treatment of traumatic or degenerative diseases of hip. In revision procedures for elderly patients with serious comorbidity, applying a short stem could reduce peri- and post-operative secondary surgical risks to femoral osteotomy, which are necessary for the removal of parts of the implant or acrylic cement from the medullary canal. There are no cases in the literature that apply a short stem for prosthetic revision by acrylic cement anchorage.

Hemorrhagic shock from post-traumatic rupture of microcystic splenic lymphangioma: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Lymphangioma is an abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Isolated splenic lymphangioma (SL) is rare; in the last 30 years only 22 cases were reported in the literature. Diagnosis is difficult by the absence of typical symptoms and signs.

Giant parathyroid adenoma: a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism mimicking a carcinoma.

Not required for Clinical Vignette.

Bouveret's syndrome as a rare complication of cholelithiasis: Disputes in current management and report of two cases.

Introduction: Bouveret's syndrome is a rare complication of cholelithiasis that determines an unusual type of gallstone ileus, secondary to an acquired fistula between the gallbladder and either the duodenum or stomach with impaction of a large gallbladder stone. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult because of its rarity and the absence of typical symptoms. Adequate treatment consists of endoscopic or surgical removal of obstructive stone.

Grisel syndrome, sigmoid sinus thrombosis and rheumatic carditis: Case report of a rare association.

Grisel's syndrome (GS) is a non traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation of C1-C2 joint. A six year old girl, 20 days after an episode of fever, developed a torticollis and a 3/6 heart murmur. The echocardiography showed a Rheumatic Carditis.

Acetabular revisions using porous tantalum components: A retrospective study with 5-10 years follow-up.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical and X-ray results of acetabular components and tantalum augments in prosthetic hip revisions.

Methods: Fifty-eight hip prostheses with primary failure of the acetabular component were reviewed with tantalum implants. The clinical records and X-rays of these cases were retrospectively reviewed.

Biomarkers of Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Ewing Sarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant bone neoplasm, followed by chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The diagnosis of bone neoplasms is generally made through histological evaluation of a biopsy. Clinical and radiological features are also important in aiding diagnosis and to complete the staging of bone cancer.

Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of Hip With Tubingen Hip Flexion Splint.

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip is an anomaly of the hip joint. In patients with early diagnosis, within 3 to 6 months of life, the treatment is essentially conservative and involves the use of dynamic harness. The indication for the use of the Tubingen hip flexion splint is a dysplastic hip.

Hypophosphatemic rickets: etiology, clinical features and treatment.

Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) is a genetic disorder, which prevents sufficient reabsorption of phosphate in the proximal renal tubule, with increased phosphate excretion, resulting in rickets. The more common form of HR is an X-linked inherited trait, with a prevalence of 1/20,000. The defective gene is located on the X chromosome, but females may present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations.

The natural history of focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia in the young child with tibia vara.

Background: Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia is an uncommon disorder that affects young children causing unilateral deformity of the tibia. The lesion is seen in other similar conditions but this anomaly shows peculiar clinical characteristic.

Methods: Eleven young patients have been seen between the years 2002-2010 and followed up clinically and radiographically from 3 to 9 years.

Osteosynthesis systems in fragility fracture.

Atraumatic fractures, more commonly known as "fragility fractures", have as their basis the decreased bone strength due to osteoporosis. The major technical problem is the difficulty in obtaining secure fixation in osteoporotic bone, because the pull-out strength of implant is significantly reduced. The high rate of complications has encouraged extensive research into the development of implant which can improve the bone-implant interface by preventing high stress and distributing the forces transmitted to bone in a load-sharing, rather than load-bearing way.

Growing pains: a study of 30 cases and a review of the literature.

Background: Data from the literature regarding the clinical profile of growing pains are limited. The purpose of this study was to define the clinical features, familial history, laboratory findings, and therapeutic outcome of growing pains in children.

Methods: Thirty children (18 male and 12 female; 3 to 14 y of age) who presented with growing pains between January 2006 and December 2007 were enrolled and prospectively followed up for 1 year.

Prophylactic use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement in primary total knee replacement.

Despite significant advances in intraoperative antimicrobial procedures, deep infection remains the most devastating complication following total joint arthroplasty. Clinical studies' results and safety profile of antibiotic-loaded bone cement are discussed in this review. Antibiotic bone cement prophylaxis is a safe and effective strategy in reducing the risk of deep infection following primary total joint arthroplasty.