Antioxidant Capacity of Carotenoid Extracts from the Haloarchaeon .

Herein, we report on the production, characterization, and antioxidant power assessment of carotenoids from the haloarchaeon . It was grown at 37 °C and 180 rpm agitation in halobacteria medium supplemented with glucose, fructose, and xylose, each at concentrations of 0.2%, 1%, and 2%, and the carotenoid yield and composition were investigated.

Polyphenol Extract from "Greco" Grape Canes: Characterization, Antioxidant Capacity, and Antitumor Effects on Cal-33 and JHU-SCC-011 Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

In the current study, we determined the antioxidant properties of "Greco" grape cane extracts, a typical cultivar of southern Italy. We also explored the anticancer activity of the polyphenol-rich fraction of the extract on head and neck squamous carcinoma cells (HNSCC) and investigated the underlying mechanism. Aqueous extracts were prepared at different pHs and extraction times and the total phenolic and reducing sugar contents were estimated.

Grape Canes from Typical Cultivars of Campania (Southern Italy) as a Source of High-Value Bioactive Compounds: Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities.

The purpose of the current study was to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities in grape cane extracts from typical cultivars of Southern Italy. Aqueous extracts at different pHs (1-13) were prepared from "Aglianico", "Fiano", and "Greco" grape canes. The results demonstrated that an alkaline pH (13.

Active Edible Polysaccharide-Based Coating for Preservation of Fresh Figs ( L.).

Fresh figs are very sensitive to microbial spoilage, even in cold storage conditions. Thus, fresh figs are high perishable products during postharvest with microbiological decay that induces an unpleasant taste and smell due to rot, and suitable conservation methods must therefore be applied. The fruit usually is consumed fresh locally, dried, or preserved longer term in other transformed forms.

Impact of and autochthonous mixed starter on Aglianico wine volatile compounds.

Non- yeasts are metabolically active during grape must fermentations and can contribute with enzymes and metabolites to enhance the complexity and to define the final wine aroma. Nowadays, the use of non- yeasts in combination with is a state-of-the art strategy to improve wine composition and/or wine sensory properties. The present paper deals with the new yeast strains of and , that were selected as representatives of the yeast microbiota isolated from grapes and grape juice of Aglianico cultivar.

Mill. Shells Aqueous Extract Exhibits Anticancer Properties Inducing Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects.

In this study, chestnut shells (CS) were used in order to obtain bioactive compounds through different extraction procedures. The aqueous extracts were chemically characterized. The highest extraction yield and total phenolic content was obtained by conventional liquid extraction (CLE).

Antiproliferative and antioxidant effect of polar hemp extracts ( L., Fedora .) in human colorectal cell lines.

Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of polar extracts of edible resources from Fedora hemp cultivar ( L.), namely seed, flour and oil, were evaluated. The main components in the polar extracts were identified using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

Comparative Study of Chemical, Biochemical Characteristic and ATR-FTIR Analysis of Seeds, Oil and Flour of the Edible Fedora Cultivar Hemp ( L.).

A series of chemical and biochemical parameters of edible hemp resources (seeds, oil, and flour) from the monoecious EU registered hemp genotype Fedora, was determined, including fatty acid profile, phytosterol composition, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, macro- and micro-elements. The fatty acid ω-3/ω-6 approached the nutritionally optimal 3/1 ratio. β-sitosterol and other phytosterols sterols dominated the unsaponifiable fraction.

A novel β-xylosidase from Anoxybacillus sp. 3M towards an improved agro-industrial residues saccharification.

An intracellular β-xylosidase (AbXyl), from the thermoalkaline Anoxybacillus sp. 3M, was purified and characterized. The homodimeric enzyme (140 kDa) was optimally active at 65 °C and pH 5.

Improvement of functional properties of a thermostable β-glycosidase for milk lactose hydrolysis.

In this work, a new exploitation of the thermostable β-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to create functional foods for low lactose diets was evaluated. For this purpose, the lactose hydrolysis reaction using immobilized and soluble enzymes was investigated. Activity and stability at different conditions of pH and temperature were tested.

Recovery of bioactive molecules from chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) by-products through extraction by different solvents.

The underutilised forest and industrial biomass of Castanea sativa (Mill.) is generally discarded during post-harvest and food processing, with high impact on environmental quality. The searching on alternative sources of natural antioxidants from low-cost supplies, by methods involving environment-friendly techniques, has become a major goal of numerous researches in recent times.

Carotenoids from the extreme halophilic archaeon Haloterrigena turkmenica: identification and antioxidant activity.

Haloterrigena turkmenica was able to synthesize carotenoids when grown in halobacteria medium. These molecules have antioxidant properties and find application in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields. The carotenoids were extracted with methanol, separated by RP-HPLC, and identified by mass spectrometry and UV/Vis spectra analyses.

Influence of Geographical Location of Orchards on Green Kiwifruit Bioactive Components.

Italy is one of the world's major kiwifruit producers and exporters with orchards located in different areas from the north to the south of the peninsula. This study sought to investigate for the first time the possible influence of the geographical location of kiwifruit orchards on some fruit components, selected because of their involvement in beneficial or negative effects on human health. The fruits harvested in 16 Italian areas were analyzed, and the results obtained show that the observed variations of the relative amounts of total proteins, kiwellin, the major allergen actinidin, ascorbate, polyphenols, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity seem not to be related to the geographical location of the orchards.

High-level expression of thermostable cellulolytic enzymes in tobacco transplastomic plants and their use in hydrolysis of an industrially pretreated Arundo donax L. biomass.

Background: Biofuels production from plant biomasses is a complex multi-step process with important economic burdens. Several biotechnological approaches have been pursued to reduce biofuels production costs. The aim of the present study was to explore the production in tobacco plastome of three genes encoding (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic bacterium and Archaea, respectively, and test their application in the bioconversion of an important industrially pretreated biomass feedstock (A.

Differential Response of Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines to the Phenolic Extract from Flaxseed Oil.

Many studies have evidenced that the phenolic components from flaxseed (FS) oil have potential health benefits. The effect of the phenolic extract from FS oil has been evaluated on two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB231, and on the human non-cancerous breast cell line, MCF10A, by SRB assay, cellular death, cell cycle, cell signaling, lipid peroxidation and expression of some key genes. We have evidenced that the extract shows anti-proliferative activity on MCF7 cells by inducing cellular apoptosis, increase of the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and of lipid peroxidation, activation of the H2AX signaling pathway, and upregulation of a six gene signature.

Optimization of Arundo donax Saccharification by (Hemi)cellulolytic Enzymes from Pleurotus ostreatus.

An enzymatic mixture of cellulases and xylanases was produced by Pleurotus ostreatus using microcrystalline cellulose as inducer, partially characterized and tested in the statistical analysis of Arundo donax bioconversion. The Plackett-Burman screening design was applied to identify the most significant parameters for the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated A. donax.

Production and properties of an exopolysaccharide synthesized by the extreme halophilic archaeon Haloterrigena turkmenica.

We have isolated a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by the extreme halophilic archaeon Haloterrigena turkmenica. Some features, remarkable from an industrial point of view, such as emulsifying and antioxidant properties, were investigated. H.

Characterization of extra virgin olive oils produced with typical Italian varieties by their phenolic profile.

Evaluation of phenolic profile, antioxidant power, and protective capacity against oxidation of red blood cells (RBCs) of olive oil phenolic extracts (OOPEs) from several Italian varieties were studied. Phenolic profiles, and quantification of seven selected bioactive compounds were performed by RP-HPLC. OOPEs exhibited high antioxidant activity, and this capacity was positively related to their phenolic amount.

Application of a new xylanase activity from XR44A in brewer's spent grain saccharification.

Background: Cellulases and xylanases are the key enzymes involved in the conversion of lignocelluloses into fermentable sugars. Western Ghat region (India) has been recognized as an active hot spot for the isolation of new microorganisms. The aim of this work was to isolate new microorganisms producing cellulases and xylanases to be applied in brewer's spent grain saccharification.

Properties of an alkali-thermo stable xylanase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans A333 and applicability in xylooligosaccharides generation.

An extracellular thermo-alkali-stable and cellulase-free xylanase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans A333 was purified to homogeneity by ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography. Its molecular mass was 44 kDa as estimated in native and denaturing conditions by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE analysis, respectively. The xylanase (GtXyn) exhibited maximum activity at 70 °C and pH 7.

The effect of Pleurotus ostreatus arabinofuranosidase and its evolved variant in lignocellulosic biomasses conversion.

The fungal arabinofuranosidase from Pleurotus ostreatus PoAbf recombinantly expressed in Pichia pastoris rPoAbf and its evolved variant rPoAbf F435Y/Y446F were tested for their effectiveness to enhance the enzymatic saccharification of three lignocellulosic biomasses, namely Arundo donax, corn cobs and brewer's spent grains (BSG), after chemical or chemical-physical pretreatment. All the raw materials were subjected to an alkaline pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ammonia solution whilst the biomass from A. donax was also pretreated by steam explosion.

Energetic and biochemical valorization of cork boiling wastewater by anaerobic digestion.

Background: In addition to energy benefits, anaerobic digestion offers other interesting advantages. The cork industry is of great environmental, economic and social significance in the western Mediterranean region, with Portugal being the world-leading producer and exporter. Cork boiling wastewater (CBW) is a toxic and recalcitrant organic effluent produced by this sector, which constitutes a serious environmental hazard.

Chestnut shell as unexploited source of fermentable sugars: effect of different pretreatment methods on enzymatic saccharification.

Chestnut shell (CS) is an agronomic residue mainly used for extraction of antioxidants or as adsorbent of metal ions. It also contains some polysaccharide that has not been considered as potential source of fermentable sugars for biofuel production until now. In this study, the effect of different pretreatment methods on CS was evaluated in order to obtain the greatest conversion of cellulose and xylan into fermentable sugars.

Effect of NaCl on the conformational stability of the thermophilic γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans: Implication for globular protein halotolerance.

The transpeptidation activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans (GthGT) is negligible and the enzyme is highly thermostable. Here we have examined the effect of concentrated NaCl solutions on structure, stability, dynamics and enzymatic activity of GthGT. The protein exhibited hydrolytic activity over a broad range of NaCl concentrations.