Assessment and Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Water, Fish (wild and Farmed) and Associated Human Health Risk.

Worldwide, anthropogenic activities are causing the natural environment and aquaculture systems to become heavily contaminated with heavy metals, which can lead to consumer's health problems. In the current study, wild and farmed fish (n = 30) and water samples (n = 6) have been collected from the Chashma barrage and fish farm to assess the heavy metals concentration, i.e.

Bottlenose Dolphin ( Whistle Modulation during a Trawl Bycatch Event in the Adriatic Sea.

Marine mammal vocal elements have been investigated for decades to assess whether they correlate with stress levels or stress indicators. Due to their acoustic plasticity, the interpretation of dolphins' acoustic signals of has been studied most extensively. This work describes the acoustic parameters detected in whistle spectral contours, collected using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM), in a bycatch event that involved three Bottlenose dolphins during midwater commercial trawling.

Effect of fortified feed with olive leaves extract on the haematological and biochemical parameters of (Nile tilapia).

Olive leaves have been used traditionally to improve the immunity against several infections. Current study aimed to examine the effect of fortified feed with olive leaves extract on haematological and biochemical parameters of . Total 400 healthy fish were divided randomly into four groups and were cultured for two months in glass tanks of 250 L water capacity in triplicate.

Biological Sound vs. Anthropogenic Noise: Assessment of Behavioural Changes in Exposed to Boats Noise.

Despite the growing interest in human-made noise effects on marine wildlife, few studies have investigated the potential role of underwater noise on elasmobranch species. In this study, twelve specimens of small-spotted catshark () were exposed to biological and anthropogenic sounds in order to assess their behavioural changes in response to prey acoustic stimuli and to different amplitude levels of shipping noise. The sharks, individually held in aquariums, were exposed to four experimental acoustic conditions characterized by different spectral (Hz) components and amplitude (dB re 1 µPa) levels.

Acoustic recordings of rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) offshore Eastern Sicily (Mediterranean Sea).

Rough-toothed dolphin's abundance and distribution is largely unknown worldwide and evaluation of its conservation status in the Mediterranean Sea is necessary. A rough-toothed dolphin was sighted offshore Eastern Sicily (Mediterranean Sea) in July 2017 and acoustic data were acquired in the same area of Watkins, Tyack, Moore, and Notarbartolo di Sciara [(1987). Mar.

Underwater acoustic communication during the mating behaviour of the semi-terrestrial crab Neohelice granulata.

In semi-terrestrial crabs, the production of sounds has been recognized to be related to courtship communication dynamics. The present study aimed to assess if the crab Neohelice granulata (Varunidae) was able to emit acoustic signals and if they played a role in the crab's behaviour. We also assessed the locomotor behaviours to examine these parameters in different mating contexts of crabs.

Are semi-terrestrial crabs threatened by human noise? Assessment of behavioural and biochemical responses of Neohelice granulata (Brachyura, Varunidae) in tank.

This study examined the effects of human lab-generated noise (sweep tone) on the behaviour and biochemistry of a semi-terrestrial crab (Neohelice granulata). The experiment was carried out in tanks equipped with video- and audio-recording systems on a total of seventy-eight specimens. In total, 42 experimental trials with sweep-tone exposure and control conditions were performed using crabs in single and group layouts.

Temporal patterns in the soundscape of the shallow waters of a Mediterranean marine protected area.

The study of marine soundscapes is an emerging field of research that contributes important information about biological compositions and environmental conditions. The seasonal and circadian soundscape trends of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Mediterranean Sea have been studied for one year using an autonomous acoustic recorder. Frequencies less than 1 kHz are dominated by noise generated by waves and are louder during the winter; conversely, higher frequencies (4-96 kHz) are dominated by snapping shrimp, which increase their acoustic activity at night during the summer.

Are mussels able to distinguish underwater sounds? Assessment of the reactions of Mytilus galloprovincialis after exposure to lab-generated acoustic signals.

This study examined the effects of lab-generated acoustic signals on the behaviour and biochemistry of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). The experiment was carried out in a tank equipped with a video-recording system using six groups of five mussels exposed to five acoustic treatments (each treatment was replicated three times) for 30min. The acoustic signals, with a maximum sound pressure level of 150dB rms re 1μPa, differed in frequency range as follows: low (0.

Vessel noise pollution as a human threat to fish: assessment of the stress response in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus 1758).

This study examined the effects of boat noise pollution on the stress indices of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus 1758). To assess the stress response in these fish, biometric values and plasma parameters such as ACTH, cortisol, glucose, lactate, haematocrit, Hsp70, total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides and osmolarity were analysed. After acclimatization of the animals, the experiment was carried out in a tank fitted with underwater speakers where the fish were exposed to sound treatments (in duplicate) consisting of: 10 days of no sound (control treatment; the animals were only exposed to the experimental tank's background noise) and 10 days of noise derived from original recordings of motor boats, including recreational boats, hydrofoil, fishing boat and ferry boat (vessel noise treatment).

Behavioural and biochemical stress responses of Palinurus elephas after exposure to boat noise pollution in tank.

This study examined the effects of boat noise on the behavioural and biochemical parameters of the Mediterranean spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas). The experiment was conducted in a tank equipped with a video and audio recording system. 18 experimental trials, assigned to boat noise and control conditions, were performed using lobsters in single and group of 4 specimens.

Physiological and agonistic behavioural response of Procambarus clarkii to an acoustic stimulus.

This study examined the effects of an acoustic stimulus on the haemolymph and agonistic behaviour of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. The experiment was conducted in a tank equipped with a video recording system using six groups (three control and three test groups) of five adult crayfish (30 specimens in total). After 1 h of habituation, the behaviour of the crayfish was monitored for 2 h.

The underwater acoustic activities of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.

This study describes the underwater acoustic behavior of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. The study was conducted both in a tank and in the natural environment. The tank was equipped with video and acoustic recording systems.

Distribution of Cd and As in organs and tissues of four marine mammal species stranded along the Italian coasts.

Concentrations of Cd and As were determined in organs and tissues (muscle, heart, kidney, lung and liver) of four cetacean species (Stenella coeruleoalba, Truncatus truncatus, Grampus griseus and Ziphius cavirostris) stranded along the Italian coasts during the period 2000-2009. Significant differences were found between Cd concentrations in the different analysed tissues. Particularly, the kidney shows the highest concentrations of Cd in all analysed specimens, followed by the liver.

Impact of an acoustic stimulus on the motility and blood parameters of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.).

The physiological responses of fish to underwater noise are poorly understood and further information is needed to evaluate any possible negative effects of sound exposure. We exposed European sea bass and gilthead sea bream to a 0.1-1 kHz linear sweep (150 dB(rms) re 1 microPa).