Holarctic Species in the Clade: Description of Six New Species and Reassessment of Old Names.

We studied the taxonomy of and similar species using morphological and molecular (nrITS, ) data, including a detailed study of the type collections of var. , f. and var.

Re-Valuation of the Taxonomic Status of Species within the Complex.

The taxonomy of and closely allied species is addressed using morphological and molecular data (nrITS and nrLSU DNA). The holotypes of and and the isotype of were studied and sequenced. Our results suggest the synonymy between and as well as that between and .

Holarctic Species in the Clade. Five New Species Described and Old Names Reassessed.

We studied the taxonomy of , and morphologically similar Holarctic species in the /romellii clade of section , using morphological and molecular data (nrITS, ). is lectotypified and epitypified and accepted as an exclusively Eurasian species. and are considered synonyms of .

Complex, Four New Species Described and Resurrected.

We studied the taxonomy of and similar species using morphological and molecular (nrITS, ) data, including a detailed study of the type collection of . Based on our results, we recognize five species in this group: sensu stricto and four other taxa: ; ; and described here as new. All these taxa are distinct from each other based on molecular data, but some of them are semi-cryptic based on morphology and co-occur in the Palaearctic region.

Fungal diversity notes 1387-1511: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa.

This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein 125 taxa from four phyla, ten classes, 31 orders, 69 families, 92 genera and three genera are treated, demonstrating worldwide and geographic distribution. Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera, 69 new species, one new combination, one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions. Three new genera, (), ( genus ) and () are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique morphologies.

A Systematic Study of the Antibacterial Activity of Basidiomycota Crude Extracts.

The excessive consumption of antibiotics in clinical, veterinary and agricultural fields has resulted in tremendous flow of antibiotics into the environment. This has led to enormous selective pressures driving the evolution of antimicrobial resistance genes in pathogenic and commensal bacteria. In this context, the World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted research aiming to develop medical features using natural products that are often competitive with synthetic drugs in clinical performance.

First reports of Phytophthora ramorum clonal lineages NA1 and EU1 causing Sudden Oak Death on tanoaks in Del Norte County, California.

A year of forest health surveys has led to the first detection of Phytophthora ramorum in Del Norte County followed by the first wildland detection of the EU1 clonal lineage (Grunwald et al. 2009) of this pathogen in California. In July 2019, leaves were sampled from two tanoaks (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) and 16 California bay laurels (Umbellularia californica) in Jedediah Smith State Park in Del Norte County, the northernmost coastal County of California.

Citizen Science Uncovers as a Threat to Several Rare or Endangered California Manzanita Species.

The Sudden Oak Death (SOD) Blitzes consist of yearly surveys led by citizen scientists designed to map the distribution of , cause of the forest disease called SOD, across northern California. During the 2017 Santa Cruz County SOD Blitz, six rare or endangered (manzanita) species were found to be possibly symptomatic for the first time. Symptoms included branch cankers and associated canopy mortality, and affected multiple individuals per species.

Comparative Germination Ecology of Two Endemic Species () in Different Climatic Zones of the Ligurian and Maritime Alps (Piedmont, Italy).

Comparative studies of seed germination of closely related taxa can help increase our understanding of the ecological limitations of cold-adapted plants and forecast how they might respond to global warming. No studies exist on the relationship between thermoclimatic belts that classify mountain life zones according to bioclimatic criteria and the germination strategy of alpine plants. The aim of this study was to assess this relationship using two closely related species growing in different thermotypes and to test whether their germination responses were related to the climate at natural sites.

Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 5.

Thirteen new species are formally described: from Pakistan, from India, on from Iran, from China, on species of , , and (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Nicaragua and Panama, on (Hemiptera, Veliidae) from Brazil, on (Blattodea, Termitidae) from the DR Congo, from Slovenia, from Peru, from China, on from Italy, from , on subsp. from Pakistan. The following new records are reported: on from India; on apple and quince fruits from Iran; from Turkey; and on from Italy; causing tip blight of '' from India; from Madeira, Portugal, new for Macaronesia and Africa; , , and from Russia; on from India; on from Italy; on from Austria; from Turkey; from Wisconsin, USA; and from Turkey.

sp. nov. (Boletaceae), first report of a red-pored bolete from the Dominican Republic and insights on the genus .

appears to be the only red-pored bolete known from the Dominican Republic to date. It is reported as a novel species to science based on collections gathered in a neotropical lowland mixed broadleaved woodland. A detailed morphological description, color images of fresh basidiomes in habitat and line drawings of the main anatomical features are provided and relationships with phylogenetically and phenotypically similar taxa are discussed.

The abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are linked to the soil chemistry of screes and to slope in the Alpic paleo-endemic Berardia subacaulis.

Berardia subacaulis Vill. is a monospecific genus that is endemic to the South-western Alps, where it grows on alpine screes, which are extreme habitats characterized by soil disturbance and limiting growth conditions. Root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is presumably of great importance in these environments, because of its positive effect on plant nutrition and stress tolerance, as well as on structuring the soil.

In Vitro Morphogenesis of Arabidopsis to Search for Novel Endophytic Fungi Modulating Plant Growth.

Fungal endophytes have shown to affect plant growth and to confer stress tolerance to the host; however, effects of endophytes isolated from water plants have been poorly investigated. In this study, fungi isolated from stems (stem-E) and roots (root-E) of Mentha aquatica L. (water mint) were identified, and their morphogenetic properties analysed on in vitro cultured Arabidopsis (L.