IgG4-related disease of the ureter: report of two cases and review of the literature.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently recognized multi-organ fibro-inflammatory lesion characterized by elevated IgG4 serum levels and mass-forming lesions. This condition shows similar histological features independently of the site of origin including storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with a conspicuous IgG4-positive plasma cell component. Since this disease has only recently been categorized as a single specific nosologic entity, lesions with these typical morphological features have previously been named in different ways, creating some confusion and making it difficult to identify cases published in the literature.

Vaginal repair of vesico-vaginal fistulas: our experience.

Vesico-vaginal fistula repair is feasible both with abdominal and vaginal approach. We report our experience in vaginal repair of 34 vesico vaginal fistulas. Twenty-eight out of 34 fistulas have been treated by vaginal repair (82.

[The use of temporary stents in the treatment of urethral stenosis].

The Authors report their past experience in the treatment of urethral strictures by means of temporary stent implants (Urocoil). The results at a long-term follow-up were poor in strictures of the bulbous and penile urethra (2/19 at 36 months) and very good in strictures of bladder neck and prostatic urethra (10/10 at 45 months). They conclude that this treatment has been at present abandoned due to high costs and poor results.