In uveal melanoma Gα-protein GNA11 mutations convey a shorter disease-specific survival and are more strongly associated with loss of BAP1 and chromosomal alterations than Gα-protein GNAQ mutations.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Mutations in the Gα-genes GNAQ and GNA11 are found in 85-90% of uveal melanomas (UM). Aim of the study is to understand whether the mutations in both genes differentially affect tumor characteristics and outcome and if so, to identify potential mechanisms.

Methods: We analyzed the association between GNAQ and GNA11 mutations with disease-specific survival, gene expression profiles, and cytogenetic alterations in 219 UMs.

Vitreoretinal Surgery in the Prevention and Treatment of Toxic Tumour Syndrome in Uveal Melanoma: A Systematic Review.

Toxic tumour syndrome (TTS) is a particularly aggressive form of secondary vasculopathy occurring after radiation therapy of uveal melanoma due to the persistence of the necrotic tumour mass inside the eye. The development of TTS confers a particularly unfavourable functional and anatomical ocular prognosis, ultimately requiring enucleation in most cases if untreated. Vitreoretinal (VR) surgery has been successfully applied for treatment and prevention of TTS using both resecting and non-resecting techniques.

Survival in Patients With Sentinel Node-Positive Melanoma With Extranodal Extension.

Background: Prognostic parameters in sentinel node (SN)-positive melanoma are important indicators to identify patients at high risk of recurrence who should be candidates for adjuvant therapy. We aimed to evaluate the presence of melanoma cells beyond the SN capsule-extranodal extension (ENE)-as a prognostic factor in patients with positive SNs.

Methods: Data from 1,047 patients with melanoma and positive SNs treated from 2001 to 2020 at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milano, Italy, were retrospectively investigated.

Quantitative echography in primary uveal melanoma treated by proton beam therapy.

Objective: To describe the dynamics of thickness and internal reflectivity after proton beam therapy (PBT) in uveal melanoma.

Participants: One hundred and ninety-eight consecutive patients with choroidal or ciliary body melanoma treated by PBT were retrospectively considered.

Methods: The post-PBT follow-up included ophthalmologic examination, retinography, and B and A modes of standardized echography every 6 months.

Comparison of clinical outcomes for patients with large choroidal melanoma after primary treatment with enucleation or proton beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate survival and clinical outcome for patients with a large uveal melanoma treated by either enucleation or proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT).

Procedures: This retrospective non-randomized study evaluated 132 consecutive patients with T3 and T4 choroidal melanoma classified according to TNM stage grouping.

Results: Cumulative all-cause mortality, melanoma-related mortality and metastasis-free survival were not statistically different between the two groups (log-rank test, p = 0.