Defining the disease course of TNFα blockers-associated Multiple Sclerosis.

Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα) blockers are common and effective treatments for several autoimmune diseases but can be associated with neuroinflammatory events. We describe the disease course of ten patients who developed CNS demyelinating events while exposed to TNFα blockers. We divided them into two groups: eight patients with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis and two isolated optic neuritis.

Alemtuzumab-induced lung injury in multiple sclerosis: Learning from adversity in three patients.

Background: Respiratory alemtuzumab-related adverse events are clinically heterogeneous and include respiratory infections, infusion-related dyspnea, hypoxia and secondary autoimmune disorders.

Case Report: Here we report three cases of drug-induced lung disease following treatment with alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis patients. First case was diagnosed as a non-specified intestitial pneumonitis associated with organizing pneumonia with subacute onset, second case was an acute respiratory distress syndrome with onset during second cycle, third case was a diffuse acute alveolar hemorrhage during first cycle infusion.

A unique case of multiphasic ADEM or what else?

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a monophasic post-infectious demyelinating disease, clinically defined by the acute onset of polyfocal neurological deficits including encephalopathy. A subset of ADEM patients will subsequently be diagnosed with relapsing disorders, including recurrent DEM (RDEM), multiphasic DEM (MDEM), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we describe the case of an adult patient, who presented two ADEM-like episodes after a very long (8 years) symptoms-free period.

Correction: BDNF rs6265 polymorphism methylation in Multiple Sclerosis: A possible marker of disease progression.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

BDNF rs6265 polymorphism methylation in Multiple Sclerosis: A possible marker of disease progression.

Introduction: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its most common polymorphism Val66Met are known to have a role in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Evidence is accumulating that there is an involvement of DNA methylation in the regulation of BDNF expression. The aim of this study was to assess in blood samples of MS patients the correlation between the methylation status of the CpG site near BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism and the severity of the disease.

Liver injury after pulsed methylprednisolone therapy in multiple sclerosis patients.

Objectives: High-dose pulsed methylprednisolone-related liver injury cases have been reported in the literature, but a prospective study in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has never been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of liver injury in patients with MS after pulsed methylprednisolone therapy.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational single-center study on patients with MS treated with i.

Sleep and fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional, cohort study.

Introduction: Fatigue and sleep disorders are frequently reported in patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) but the causes and the relationship are not yet fully understood. This study aimed at evaluating their prevalence, at determining the relationships between clinical findings of MS and the occurrence of sleep disorders and at investigating the relations between sleep disorders and fatigue.

Methods: One hundred and two MS patients were enrolled in the study.

Transient hair loss during treatment with dimethyl-fumarate for multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Dimethyl-fumarate is a recently approved drug for relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis in Italy.

Clinical Case: A 55-year-old woman started therapy with dimethyl-fumarate on June 2014; it was well-tolerated aside from moderate flushing. Starting September 2014 she noticed a progressive hair loss, that neither the dermatological examination nor clinical and medical history nor blood investigations could explain.

Expression Profile of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Serum of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological disability. There is an interest in potential biomarkers that could provide information predicting disease activity and progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human disorders, such as oncologic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.