Correlation between Periodontitis and Onset of Alzheimer's Disease: A Literature Review.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a slowly progressing neurodegenerative illness and the most common form of dementia. This pathology leads to an increase in cognitive decline and is responsible, in patients, for several difficulties in performing various activities of daily living, such as oral hygiene. Several experimental studies have shown that oral health in patients with Alzheimer's disease worsens in direct proportion to the progression of the disease due to the appearance of gingivitis and periodontitis.

Soft tissue changes during orthopedic therapy: An in vivo 3-dimensional facial scan study.

Introduction: The aim was to compare the soft tissue changes in pretreatment and posttreatment facial scans of patients who had undergone various orthopedic treatments vs a control group of untreated growing patients.

Methods: Facial scans were performed before (T0) and after (T1) orthopedic treatment in 15 patients prescribed rapid palatal expander (RPE), 15 cervical headgear (HG), and 15 facemasks (FM), as well as 6 months apart in 15 untreated growing patients. After best-fit scan alignment using Geometric Control X software (3D Systems Inc, Rock Hill, SC), a 3-dimensional (3D) analysis of soft tissue changes was performed, comparing 3D reference points (total 22) and 8 areas on T0 and T1 scans.

Association between Periodontal Disease and Oral Benign, Potentially Malignant, Malignant, and Chronic Immune-Mediated Disorders: A Clinical Study.

: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory, chronic, and multifactorial disease. The objective of this study is to analyze the association between periodontal disease and some disorders such as papillomas (benign lesions), lichen planus (a chronic immune-mediated disorder), leukoplakia (potentially malignant lesions), and oral cancer (malignant lesions). : For this study, 42 patients were recruited whose supragingival and subgingival plaque was qualitatively analyzed using a phase-contrast microscope, which allowed for the detection of compatible bacterial flora (immobile and composed mainly of cocci) indicative of periodontal health and incompatible bacterial flora (mobile and composed mainly of spirochetes) indicative of periodontal pathology.

Compliance with Headgear Evaluated by Force- and Temperature-Sensitive Monitoring Device: A Case-Control Study.

The aim was to objectively assess compliance in patients prescribed headgear and evaluate the impact of monitoring awareness, treatment duration, gender, and age on compliance levels. A total of 22 patients with Class II malocclusion wore the headgear integrated with the force and temperature sensitive Smartgear monitoring system (Smartgear, Swissorthodontics AG, Cham, Switzerland). Patients were instructed to wear the headgear for 13 h daily over a 3-month period.

Nonsurgical treatment of an adult patient with severe transversal skeletal discrepancy: Tooth bone-borne tandem expander and hybrid aligner approach.

Background: Although they have proven effective in the resolution of mild to moderate malocclusions, aligners demonstrate substantial limitations. More complex malocclusions therefore require a combination of auxiliaries, or a hybrid approach involving both aligners and fixed appliances, such as miniscrew-supported appliances or sectionals. This case report presents a 25-year-old female patient with a severe transversal discrepancy associated with an anterior open-bite tendency effectively treated with a tooth bone-borne palatal expander characterized by two expansion screws (tandem expander) and a hybrid treatment with aligners.

Effectiveness of Mandibular Advancement Devices in Positional OSA Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Predictive Variables in a Sample of Adult Patients.

 To evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) in improving apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA), compared with a control group of nonpositional OSA (NPOSA) patients, from mild to very severe degree, in order to to find the main variables characterizing the examined group as potential predictors of treatment success.  In the present observational study, we retrospectively collected polysomnographic records of 39 positional adult patients, divided into 30 supine isolated OSA (siOSA) and 9 supine predominant OSA (spOSA) undergoing MADs from 2003 to 2019, and compared with those of a control group of 47 NPOSA patients. Demographics and anthropometrical data, home sleep apnea test (HSAT) records, drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) results, and dental casts evaluation were analyzed pre- and post-treatment with MADs.

Accuracy of 3D facial scans: a comparison of three different scanning system in an in vivo study.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the accuracy and reproducibility of three different 3D facial scanning systems, relying, respectively, on stereophotogrammetry, structured light and a smartphone app and camera.

Methods: Thirty subjects have been scanned with three different facial scanning systems, stereophotogrammetry, structured light and a smartphone app and camera. Linear measurements were compared with direct anthropometries measured on the patient's face, while the study of areas (forehead, tip of the nose, chin, right and left cheek) was evaluated by overlapping scans using the Geomagic Control X program.

Gut Microbiota and Endometriosis: Exploring the Relationship and Therapeutic Implications.

Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue beyond the uterus. In addition to gynecological manifestations, many endometriosis patients experience gastrointestinal symptoms, indicating a potential association between gut health and the disease. Recent studies have revealed alterations in the gut microbiota of individuals with endometriosis, including reduced diversity, microbial composition imbalances, and pathogenic bacteria.

CAD/CAM-based 3D-printed and PVS indirect bonding jig system accuracy: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and comparative analysis of hard and soft CAD/CAM transfer trays.

Background: The widespread use of CAD/CAM transfer trays warrants evaluation of their accuracy as compared to PVS transfer trays.

Objectives: To quantify the accuracy of CAD/CAM and PVS transfer trays, investigating any differences between soft and hard trays CAD/CAM transfer trays.

Search Methods: Eight different databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.

Survival rate of indirectly bonded brackets using single vs. two-component orthodontic adhesive: A 12-month split-mouth clinical trial.

Objective: Compare the bonding survival rate of two distinct bonding materials: Ortho Solo + Gradia LoFlo Resin and single component GC Ortho Connect.

Materials And Methods: Indirect bonding fixed appliance treatment was required for 26 consecutive patients, 8 males and 18 females, with a mean age of 22.1 +/- 4.

Evaluation of effectiveness and efficiency of fixed orthodontic treatment comparing standard and computer-aided design and manufacturing conventional bracket systems using indirect bonding for both: A retrospective study.

Background: To compare the effectiveness and efficiency of orthodontic treatment (OT) with standard versus computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) indirect bonding of conventional brackets.

Methods: This retrospective study examined two groups: standard indirect bonding group (12 males, 13 females; mean age 12.21 ± 0.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Developmental Age: 22-Item Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire for an Observational Descriptive Investigation.

The aim of this paper is to perform an observational descriptive study of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in a population of children by evaluating the prevalence and role of sex and age variables. The 22-item Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was administered to parents of children aged 3 to 12 years. The questionnaire is a very simple tool since it allows for the indication of patients with possible OSAS diagnosis through a cut-off of 0.

Is a non-radiological-assisted method valid for establishing crown-root relationships in an orthodontic set-up incorporating the roots? A retrospective study.

Introduction: This study aimed to obtain information on the relationship between crown and root in terms of morphology - dimensions and crown-root angles -to be used for orthodontic set-ups without the use of radiological examinations.

Material And Methods: All the good quality CBCTs of patients obeying the eligibility criteria, from 2000 to 2015, were analysed. All teeth were analysed except for third molars.

Evaluation of effects of brackets and orthodontic wires on intraoral scans: A prospective in-vivo study.

Objective: To evaluate any distortion produced by multibracket fixed orthodontic appliances on digital models obtained from intraoral scans (IOS), considering the presence of both brackets only and brackets/archwire combination.

Setting/sample: The IOS data of the arches of 20 patients (12 females and 8 males; mean age = 15.55 ± 2.

Class III treatment with mini-implants anchorage in young adult patients: short and long-term results.

Introduction: Class III malocclusion should be intercepted and treated at early age, to prevent the necessity of future complex and expensive procedures. The orthopedic facemask therapy has the goal to achieve skeletal changes, minimizing side effects on dentition. The use of skeletal anchorage, combined with Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Constriction (Alt-RAMEC) protocol, may be effective in treating a greater number of growing Class III patients.