: new insights into resistance to gastrointestinal stress, adhesion, and protein interaction with human mucins through optimised trials and bioinformatics tools.

According to the FAO/WHO guidelines, selection of probiotics requires the assessment of survival under gastrointestinal stress and adhesion to human epithelial cells. These attributes were evaluated on ATCC BAA-835 simulating the gastrointestinal transit (GIT) immediately followed by adhesion to human intestinal cell lines (CaCo2, HT-29, and HT-29-MTX) as an alternative approach to methods performed with fresh cells in each trial. The survival rate after GIT, as determined by plate counts and fluorescent probes, was significantly higher for (about 8 Log CFU/mL) than for the probiotic GG ATCC 53103 (about 3 Log CFU/mL).

Antibacterial Activity and Prebiotic Properties of Six Types of Lamiaceae Honey.

Our work investigated the antimicrobial and prebiotic properties of basil, mint, oregano, rosemary, savory, and thyme honey. The potential antimicrobial action, assessed against the pathogens , , , , and , evidenced the capacity of the honey to influence the pathogenic hydrophobicity and hemolytic activities. Honey inhibited pathogen biofilms, acting especially on the mature biofilms, with inhibition rates of up to 81.

, an Uncommon Yeast Responsible for Gluten Bread Spoilage.

A single strain of yeast was isolated from industrial gluten bread (GB) purchased from a local supermarket. This strain is responsible for spoilage consisting of white powdery and filamentous colonies due to the fragmentation of hyphae into short lengths (dust-type spots), similar to the spoilage produced by chalk yeasts such as , and . The isolated strains were identified initially by traditional methods as , but with genomic analysis, they were definitively identified as , a rare ascomycetous opportunistic yeast species with low virulence attributes, uncommonly implicated in bread spoilage.

Oxalic Acid Treatment: Short-Term Effects on Enzyme Activities, Vitellogenin Content, and Residual Oxalic Acid Content in House Bees, L.

Honeybees ( L.) have to face many challenges, including infestation, associated with viral transmission. Oxalic acid is one of the most common treatments against .

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil-Enriched Diet on Immune and Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity, Fat and Vitellogenin Contents in Newly Emerged and Forager Bees ( L.) Reared in Cages.

Searching for artificial diets positively affecting the survival, immune and antioxidant systems of honey bees is one of main challenges occurring in beekeeping. Among nutrients, lipids play a significant role in insect nutrition as structural components in cell membranes, energy sources and reserves, and are involved in many physiological processes. In this context, the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of 0.

A food-web model as a tool for the ecosystem-level management of bivalves in an Atlantic coastal lagoon.

The Ria de Aveiro is an important coastal lagoon for wildlife in Portugal, where the production of bivalves reaches approximately 2700 tons annually. However, the illegal overfishing of bivalves is frequent in this lagoon, which causes critical changes in the ecosystem. In this study, using a developed food-web model (Ecopath model), the ecological carrying capacity (ECC) and maximum sustained yield (MSY) of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum were estimated, and the effects of further increases in clam biomass on other species were investigated.

Nanoplastic exposure inhibits feeding and delays regeneration in a freshwater planarian.

The concentration of nanoplastics (NPs) is expected to increase in aquatic environments thus potentially threatening freshwater organisms through interactions with plastic particles that variously float, circulate in the water column or sink into the benthos. Studies into the mechanisms of any NP effects are still scarce, particularly with respect to the regenerative ability of biota for which there is no recognised model organism. The present study therefore aimed to investigate behavioural and regeneration responses of the freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina after 10 days exposed to along a gradient 0.

Host-Parasitoid Relationship between (Linnaeus, 1758) and (Meigen, 1838) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae): Fly Aggression Behavior and Infestation Rates of Senotainiosis.

(Meigen, 1838) is a Sarcophagid dipteran endoparasitoid of L., and myiasis, caused by this fly, is reported in several European, North African and Middle Eastern countries. Nevertheless, very little knowledge concerning the aggression and parasitisation behavior of toward is available in the scientific literature, and the temporal pattern of aggression remains unclear.

Porcupettes Management at Wildlife Rescue Centers and Liberation into the Wild: Implications for Post-Liberation Success.

The crested porcupine is a frequent host species in wildlife rescue centers and no guidelines for its management, liberation and post-liberation monitoring are yet available. Here, captive-grown porcupines' behavior and survival in the wild after liberation were investigated and described for the first time. Management strategies adopted at the centers could affect porcupine adaptation to the natural environment.

Bombus terrestris terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) and hybrids with the endemic Bombus xanthopus spotted on Capraia Island (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy): some conservation management implications.

Expansion of wild and managed allochthonous species leads to potential negative consequences for the endemic wildlife, such as resource competition, pathogens spread, hybridization and native species replacements. On Capraia Island, the last sighting of Bombus terrestris terrestris dates back to 1917. All subsequent surveys carried out on the island only reported the presence of B.

Gray Wolf () and Red Fox () Parasite Survey in Anthropized and Natural Areas of Central Italy.

Gastrointestinal nematodes and protozoa and other parasite occurrences were evaluated in free-ranging wolf () and red fox () populations from natural and anthropized areas of Central Italy. Analyzed fecal samples were collected from 60 foxes and 40 wolves in the anthropized areas, and 41 foxes and 39 wolves in the natural areas. In foxes, hookworm infections ( < 0.