Non-extraction and multiloop edgewise technique versus orthognathic surgery and fixed appliance in adult class II patients: a cephalometric comparative study.

Background: An alternative approach to surgery for treating class II adult borderline patients is the non-extraction and multiloop edgewise archwire (MEAW) technique. The aim of the present study is to compare dentoskeletal effects of the orthognathic surgery with the MEAW technique.

Methods: Thirteen adults (ten women, three men; mean age, 27.

Juvenile Facial Growth and Mimicry: A Preliminary 3D Study.

Studies focused on facial development during childhood have been conducted by means of 3D technology to provide modifications of anthropometric parameters. Facial mobility was also considered. This study proposed a 3D approach to facial growth changes.

The effect of closed septorhinoplasty on nasal functions and on external and internal nasal valves: A prospective study.

Background: Because nasal function and shape are so closely intertwined, quantitative assessments can better define their relationship and how they are affected by septorhinoplasty.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to perform an analysis of the nasal airflow resistances and a three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of the soft-tissue changes after closed septorhinoplasty.

Methods: Before surgery (T0) and 6 months after closed septorhinoplasty (T1), 30 patients underwent symptoms evaluation by means of the Italian version of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale, endoscopic fiberoptic nasal examination, and visual analog scale for subjective assessment of nasal obstruction.

Facial Mobility after Maxilla-Mandibular Advancement in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Three-Dimensional Study.

The functional results of surgery in terms of facial mobility are key elements in the treatment of patients. Little is actually known about changes in facial mobility following surgical treatment with maxillomandibular advancement (MMA). The three-dimensional (3D) methods study of basic facial movements in typical OSAS patients treated with MMA was the topic of the present research.

Soft, hard-tissues and pharyngeal airway volume changes following maxillomandibular transverse osteodistraction: Computed tomography and three-dimensional laser scanner evaluation.

Introduction: Maxillomandibular transverse osteodistraction (MMTOD) is an alternative approach to the traditional treatment for transverse maxillary and mandibular deficiencies and crowding. The aim was to report soft and hard-tissues changes and airway volume variation.

Methods: In this study, skeletally mature, non-syndromic patients with transverse maxillary and mandibular hypoplasia, who underwent a MMTOD between 2010 and 2012, were included.

The Management of Iatrogenic Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome Following Bimaxillary Surgery in a Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate.

A 26-year-old man presented with a 6-year history of severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome followed a bimaxillary osteotomy procedure for a class III skeletal pattern. The patient was born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate and underwent primary lip and palate repair and later a pharyngeal flap for severe velopharyngeal insufficiency. Surgical management of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome with conventional osteotomy, in cleft lip and palate patients, is a difficult problem.

Primary and secondary reconstruction of complex craniofacial defects using polyetheretherketone custom-made implants.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) patient-specific prostheses produced by computer-aided design and manufacturing for primary and secondary reconstruction in patients with craniofacial defects.

Material And Methods: The study included 13 patients who underwent reconstruction for craniofacial defects using PEEK patient-specific implants (PSI). Eight patients underwent single-step primary reconstruction using individual custom-made surgical guides and custom-made prostheses during the same surgery; five patients underwent delayed reconstruction.

The Le Fort I osteotomy as surgical approach of an extensive pleomorphic adenoma of the palate.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign mixed salivary gland tumor. We describe here a peculiar case of a 72-year-old woman with a PA of the palate resected with palatal approach combined with Le Fort I osteotomy, adding to the currently limited scientific literature on intraoral approach for removal of extensive tumors of the midface. The Le Fort I osteotomy approach allows direct visualization of the tumor and ensures a wide excision, increasing safety and minimizing the possibility of recurrence.

Maxillofacial Fractures due to Falls: does Fall Modality Determine the Pattern of Injury?

Objectives: In several epidemiological studies of maxillofacial trauma, falls were one of the most frequent causes of facial injury. The aim of this study is to analyse the patterns of fall-related maxillofacial injuries based on the height of the fall.

Material And Methods: Using a systematic computer-assisted database of patients hospitalised with maxillofacial fractures, only those with fall-related injuries were considered.

Unilateral mandibular hypoplasia in adult patients: distraction osteogenesis and conventional osteotomies in a standardized sequence.

Introduction: This study analyzed the outcomes of nongrowing patients with unilateral mandibular hypoplasia treated according to a specific protocol, which combines distraction osteogenesis, orthodontic treatment, and conventional osteotomies.

Materials And Methods: The patients treated were objectively evaluated. Patient's satisfaction was assessed by questionnaire.

Progressive midfacial bone erosion and necrosis: case report and differential diagnosis.

A 31-year-old woman presented with a large oro-nasal communication (ONC), loss of vomer and significant nasal cartilage and nose deformity. Physical examination of the patient revealed a typical midline destructive lesion (MDL) with nasal septum and hard/soft palate perforation with a friable granular surface and a large amount of necrotic tissues. Medical history was unremarkable and the patient denied previous local trauma, including surgical procedures or drug assumption.

Three-dimensional laser scanner evaluation of facial soft tissue changes after LeFort I advancement and rhinoplasty surgery: patients with cleft lip and palate vs patients with nonclefted maxillary retrognathic dysplasia (control group).

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in facial soft tissue changes, despite the same extent of upper jaw forward movement, between patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (uCLP) and those without, after LeFort I osteotomy and secondary rhinoplasty.

Study Design: Twelve patients with maxillary retrognathic dysplasia and nose deformity were divided in 2 groups, A (uCLP) and B (control), and compared on the basis of the same maxillary advancement. Cephalometry and 3D mean facial model of groups A and B were obtained before and after surgery.

Single-step resection and reconstruction using patient-specific implants in the treatment of benign cranio-orbital tumors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes using patient-specific prostheses produced by computer-aided design and manufacturing for primary reconstruction in patients with benign cranio-orbital tumors. Polyetheretherketone was used to manufacture the implants.

Materials And Methods: The present study included 3 patients who underwent fronto-orbito-pterional craniotomy using individual custom-made surgical guides.

Soft tissue changes after maxillo-mandibular advancement in OSAS patients: a three-dimensional study.

Introduction: Maxillo-mandibular advancement (MMA) is the most successful surgical treatment for OSAS. This study prospectively evaluated soft tissue changes in typical OSAS patient before and after MMA.

Material And Methods: Ten patients with severe OSAS, who underwent MMA, were considered.

An 11-year review of dental injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Turin, Italy.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence, characteristics, and correlations between maxillofacial fractures and dental injuries in patients who were treated at a first-level trauma center in a metropolitan center in northwest Italy in the last 11 years.

Material And Methods: Between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2011, 2,110 patients with maxillofacial fractures were admitted. Only dentulous patients with complete clinical records who presented with associated dental injuries were included in this study.

Soft tissue changes after orthodontic surgical correction of jaws asymmetry evaluated by three-dimensional surface laser scanner.

Aesthetic improvement is an essential goal of treatment of facial asymmetry, and it is often difficult to achieve. Reliable three-dimensional measurements are required to support outcome studies. In this study, 15 white adult subjects, 9 females and 6 males, with maxillomandibular asymmetry and malocclusion were studied.

Maxillofacial injuries due to work-related accidents in the North West of Italy.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and patterns of work-related maxillofacial injuries, identifying worker categories with a high risk of injury.

Material And Methods: From a systematic computer-assisted database that has continuously recorded patients hospitalized with maxillofacial fractures, only patients with work-related injuries were considered. Occupation, mechanism of injury, and demographic and clinical data were analyzed.

Etiology and patterns of facial lacerations and their possible association with underlying maxillofacial fractures.

Background: This study was designed to analyze the etiology and patterns of soft-tissue facial lacerations associated with maxillofacial fractures and to identify associations between facial lacerations and underlying fractures.

Methods: Of 1960 patients who had been admitted for maxillofacial fractures between 2001 and 2010, only patients with complete clinical records presenting with facial lacerations were considered for this study. Facial lacerations were classified according to the MCFONTZL system.

Facial mobility after bimaxillary surgery in class III patients: a three-dimensional study.

Quantifying soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery is increasingly important in surgical planning, but little is actually known about the changes in facial mobility after surgery. In the current study, we investigated facial mimics in patients before and after orthognathic surgery. Eleven patients with jaw discrepancy requiring maxillary and/or mandibular surgery were considered.

Surgical treatment of odontogenic myxoma.

Background: There is no consensus about the surgical treatment of odontogenic myxoma. The aim of the current study was to present our experience and discuss the surgical management and outcome in 10 patients diagnosed with odontogenic myxoma.

Methods: A retrospective review of charts of patients who were surgically treated for odontogenic myxoma was performed.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac masquerading as dacryocystitis.

Tumors originating from the lacrimal sac are exceedingly rare. They may mimic chronic inflammation and be misdiagnosed, delaying treatment and allowing the tumor to devastate the visual system. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma has been described only occasionally.

Use of Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale for evaluation of facial scars treated with self-drying silicone gel.

In this prospective study, we used the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) to evaluate the outcome of the healing process of posttraumatic and surgical facial scars that were treated with self-drying silicone gel, by both the patient and the observer. In our division, the application of base cream and massage represents the standard management of facial scars after suture removal. In the current study, 15 patients (7 men and 8 women) with facial scars were treated with self-drying silicone gel that was applied without massage, and 15 patients (8 men and 7 women) were treated with base cream and massage.