Pro Re Nata brolucizumab for early onset and treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema: A prospective study.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab therapy administered on a (PRN) basis without loading dose in treatment naïve patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) for 1 year follow-up.

Methods: Patients with recent DME (<6 months) received a mandatory brolucizumab injection at inclusion and other injections could be given on a PRN basis with an 8-week interval (between injections) at minimum. Rescue therapy with other anti-VEGF was possible in case of incomplete DME resolution after the second brolucizumab with a minimum of 1-month treatment free interval between 2 injections.

Real-world experience with brolucizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration over 2 years: the REBA extension study.

Background: To determine long-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the real-world setting.

Methods: Retrospective, observational, multicentric study and an extension of the REBA study (Real-world Experience with Brolucizumab in nAMD) to 24 months. The study entailed follow-up of 91 consecutive eyes (67 patients) with nAMD who received brolucizumab therapy and completed 24 months of follow-up.

Retinotomies and retinectomies: A review of indications, techniques, results, and complications.

Retinotomy refers to "cutting" or "incising" the retina, whereas retinectomy denotes "excising" the retina. Retinotomies and retinectomies aid in tackling traction and retinal shortening that persist following membrane dissection and scleral buckling. We performed a literature search using Google Scholar and PubMed, followed by a review of the references procured.

Current Treatments and Innovations in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Multiple treatment options have been used over time to attempt to modify the natural progression of the disease in both proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). These two retinal complications are the result of microvascular occlusions and vascular hyperpermeability and are considered one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in patients of working age.

Correction: Torres et al. Twentieth-Century Paleoproteomics: Lessons from Venta Micena Fossils. 2022, , 1184.

There was an error in the original publication [...

Twentieth-Century Paleoproteomics: Lessons from Venta Micena Fossils.

Proteomics methods can identify amino acid sequences in fossil proteins, thus making it possible to determine the ascription or proximity of a fossil to other species. Before mass spectrometry was used to study fossil proteins, earlier studies used antibodies to recognize their sequences. Lowenstein and colleagues, at the University of San Francisco, pioneered the identification of fossil proteins with immunological methods.

Retrobulbar tube shunt: anterior chamber to back of the eye (A2B) efficacy in glaucomatous eyes with uncontrolled IOP.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy and safety of a commercial model of the retrobulbar shunt, anterior chamber to back of the eye (A2B), in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication requirements after the failure of all other IOP-lowering therapies, including trabeculectomy with antimetabolites and tube shunt procedures.

Methods: This is a single-site, prospective, nonrandomized concept study. Patients with prior failed tube shunts, or moderate to severe glaucoma refractory to treatment, were included.

Prospective evaluation of a new intense pulsed light, thermaeye plus, in the treatment of dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction.

Purpose: This study aims to estimate the efficacy and safety of a new intense pulsed light (IPL) Thermaeye Plus for dry eye disease (DED) secondary to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Patients And Methods: This is a prospective, longitudinal study of patients with moderate to severe MGD. Treatment consisted of 4 consecutive IPL sessions, 12 flashes with the same energy 8J/cm on the periocular area at days 1, 14, 28, and 49.

Chronology for the Cueva Victoria fossil site (SE Spain): Evidence for Early Pleistocene Afro-Iberian dispersals.

Cueva Victoria has provided remains of more than 90 species of fossil vertebrates, including a hominin phalanx, and the only specimens of the African cercopithecid Theropithecus oswaldi in Europe. To constrain the age of the vertebrate remains we used paleomagnetism, vertebrate biostratigraphy and (230)Th/U dating. Normal polarity was identified in the non-fossiliferous lowest and highest stratigraphic units (red clay and capping flowstones) while reverse polarity was found in the intermediate stratigraphic unit (fossiliferous breccia).

Ocular Surface as Barrier of Innate Immunity.

Sight is one of the most important senses that human beings possess. The ocular system is a complex structure equipped with mechanisms that prevent or limit damage caused by physical, chemical, infectious and environmental factors. These mechanisms include a series of anatomical, cellular and humoral factors that have been a matter of study.

New fossil teeth of Theropithecus oswaldi (Cercopithecoidea) from the Early Pleistocene at Cueva Victoria (SE Spain).

The presence of Theropithecus oswaldi in Europe was first reported in 1995 from the Early Pleistocene site of Cueva Victoria (SE Spain), showing the dispersal of this genus above 30° north latitude and into Europe. Later claims of the presence in Italy of Theropithecus in the Early Pleistocene, based on vertebral remains, are controversial. Here we report four additional teeth of T.