Studies of CP Prevalence: Disparities in Authorship, Citations, and Geographic Location.

We aimed to characterize the existing knowledge of cerebral palsy (CP) prevalence globally and identify any existing publication disparities that may impact our understanding of the global burden of CP. To identify existing publications on CP prevalence, PubMed and Web of Science were searched in May 2021 with the following strategy: "cerebral palsy"[title] AND (rate OR prevalence OR epidemiology). This search yielded 2720 results on PubMed and 2314 on Web of Science.

An Analysis of Diversity Statements and Support of Special Interest Societies by General Surgery Residency Programs.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the nondiscrimination and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) statements found on the websites of general surgery residency programs, as well as to measure programmatic commitment to diversity through their involvement with special interest surgical societies (SISS).

Design: The authors evaluated the relationship between DEI statements and SISS participation, and performed a natural language processing analysis of general surgery residency DEI statements.

Setting: The residency program websites from 319 non-military general surgery residency programs within the United States were analyzed.

Estrogen May Enhance Toll-Like Receptor 4-Induced Inflammatory Pathways in People With HIV: Implications for Transgender Women on Hormone Therapy.

Background: Transgender women (TW) are at increased risk for both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV has been associated with a two-fold increased risk of CVD, potentially due to dysregulated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced immune activation. Use of estrogens in feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) may enhance inflammatory responses and the risk of cardiovascular mortality in TW.