Combined in silico/in vitro approaches for identifying modulators of the activity of the p.Tyr110Cys Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase (CRAT) variant associated to an early onset case of Leigh syndrome.

Carnitine O-acetyltransferase (CRAT) is a crucial enzyme involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. Alterations in CRAT activity have emerged as significant contributors to the pathogenesis of Leigh syndrome and related mitochondrial disorders. In this study we employed an integrated approach combining in silico docking analysis and virtual screening of chemical libraries with subsequent in vitro validation to identify small molecule modulators of the activity of the wild type (WT) CRAT and the p.

Surgery Plays a Leading Role in Breast Cancer Treatment for Patients Aged ≥90 Years: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The population aged ≥90 years is increasing worldwide, yet nearly 50% of elderly breast cancer (BC) patients receive suboptimal treatments, resulting in high rates of BC-related mortality. We analyzed clinical and survival outcomes of nonagenarian BC patients to identify effective treatment strategies.

Methods: This single-institution retrospective cohort study analyzed patients aged ≥90 years diagnosed with stage I-III BC between 2007 and 2018.

Morphological changes and color development during cookie baking-Kinetic, heat, and mass transfer considerations.

Color and shape are important quality attributes in baked goods, particularly cookies. Composition and processing conditions determine and influence color development and morphological changes in these baked goods. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the evolution of color and shape during baking to determine useful correlations that can be implemented during the assessment and modeling of the baking process.

Corrigendum: The new Italian registry of infantile thrombosis (RITI): a reflection on its journey, challenges and pitfalls.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.

Management of Pediatric Foreign Body Injuries during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of an International Survey.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had direct and indirect effects on daily life. In hospitals, the impact of the pandemic was observed in the diagnostic and therapeutic workflow. In this work, we explored potential changes in activities related to the treatment of foreign body injuries (FBIs) in children and the behavioral habits of physicians during the first wave of the pandemic.

Prototype Test of Resilient Friction Materials for Seismic Dampers.

In recent decades, low-yielding seismic devices based on the use of friction dampers have emerged as an excellent solution for the development of building structures with improved reparability and resilience. Achieving an optimal design for such low-yielding seismic devices requires precise control of bolt preloading levels and predictability of the friction coefficient (CoF) between the damper interfaces. While various types of friction devices exist that are capable of providing significant energy dissipation, ongoing research is focused on the development of novel friction materials that exhibit a stable hysteretic response, high CoF values, minimal differences between static and dynamic CoF, and predictable slip resistance.

Association of cadmium environmental exposure with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several observational studies investigated the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, results from epidemiological studies are conflicting and wide variabilities have been reported.

Objectives: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure and CKD risk, as assessed by decreased estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in adults.

Bigels as Delivery Systems: Potential Uses and Applicability in Food.

Bigels have been mainly applied in the pharmaceutical sector for the controlled release of drugs or therapeutics. However, these systems, with their intricate structures, hold great promise for wider application in food products. Besides their classical role as carrier and target delivery vehicles for molecules of interest, bigels may also be valuable tools for building complex food structures.

Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer: No More Time for Blind Surgery.

Background: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) still remains a blind surgery despite all available tumor localization methods. Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) allows real-time visualization during all resection phases.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at the Veneto Institute of Oncology between January 2021 and June 2022.

Automatic Forecast of Intensive Care Unit Admissions: The Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy.

The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic showed the importance of timely monitoring of admissions to the ICU admissions. The ability to promptly forecast the epidemic impact on the occupancy of beds in the ICU is a key issue for adequate management of the health care system.Despite this, most of the literature on predictive COVID-19 models in Italy has focused on predicting the number of infections, leaving trends in ordinary hospitalizations and ICU occupancies in the background.

Pediatric Injury Surveillance From Uncoded Emergency Department Admission Records in Italy: Machine Learning-Based Text-Mining Approach.

Background: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death in young children. Emergency department (ED) diagnoses are a useful source of information for injury epidemiological surveillance purposes. However, ED data collection systems often use free-text fields to report patient diagnoses.

A Fecal MicroRNA Signature by Small RNA Sequencing Accurately Distinguishes Colorectal Cancers: Results From a Multicenter Study.

Background & Aims: Fecal tests currently used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening show limited accuracy in detecting early tumors or precancerous lesions. In this respect, we comprehensively evaluated stool microRNA (miRNA) profiles as biomarkers for noninvasive CRC diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 1273 small RNA sequencing experiments were performed in multiple biospecimens.

Morbidity and mortality after anesthesia in early life in Italy. A subgroup analysis of the NECTARINE Trial.

Background: Recent literature on neonatal anesthesia focuses on the importance of keeping physiology within the ranges of normality to improve the long-term neurological outcome. The Neonate and Children audit of Anesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) showed a derangement of one or more than one physiological parameters during anesthesia needing a medical intervention in 35.2% of 6592 anesthesia procedure performed in infants up to 60 weeks postmenstrual age.

The new Italian registry of infantile thrombosis (RITI): A reflection on its journey, challenges and pitfalls.

Introduction: Thrombotic events in neonates and children represent a rare although severe occurrence in view of the associated risk of mortality and sequelae. Quality evidence is limited in this field, and registry studies provide an essential base for research. The aim of this paper is to present the new Italian Registry of Infantile Thrombosis (RITI), set it into the scene of international thrombosis and stroke registries, and provide some insight on the challenges associated with registry management.

Mechanical Modelling of the Strength and Stiffness of Circular Hollow Section Tube under Localised Transverse Compression and Tension.

The component method is a powerful tool for designing and modelling steel beam-to-column connections. Its widespread use is ensured by several formulations currently included in Eurocode 3 part 1.8 for welded and bolted joints.

Changing patterns and clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 severe pneumonia treated with remdesivir according to vaccination status: results from a real-world retrospective study.

Since the beginning of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many drugs have been purposed for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Remdesivir emerged as an encouraging antiviral drug for patients with documented severe COVID-19-related pneumonia. Although several studies about remdesivir effectiveness exist, no study investigated the effect of the combination of remdesivir with the vaccination status.

Predictive models in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a systematic review.

Purpose: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used in the last years to provide hemodynamic and respiratory support in critically ill patients. In this scenario, prognostic scores remain essential to choose which patients should initiate ECMO. This systematic review aims to assess the current landscape and inform subsequent efforts in the development of risk prediction tools for ECMO.

Early Treatments of Fragile Children with COVID-19-Results of CLEVER (Children COVID Early Treatment), a Retrospective, Observational Study.

(1) Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection is notably mild in children, though comorbidities may increase the risk of hospitalization and may represent a risk for increased disease severity. There is an urgent need for targeted therapies with an acceptable efficacy and safety profile. To date, most of the medicines for COVID-19-specific treatment are prescribed off-label for children due to a lack of clinical trials and consequent evidence in this population.

The 8q24 region hosts miRNAs altered in biospecimens of colorectal and bladder cancer patients.

Background: The 8q24 locus is enriched in cancer-associated polymorphisms and, despite containing relatively few protein-coding genes, it hosts the MYC oncogene and other genetic elements connected to tumorigenesis, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Research on miRNAs may provide insights into the transcriptomic regulation of this multiple cancer-associated region.

Material And Methods: We profiled all miRNAs located in the 8q24 region in 120 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 80 controls.

Anthocyanin Content of Crackers and Bread Made with Purple and Blue Wheat Varieties.

Purple and blue wheats contain anthocyanins in the outer layers of the wheat kernel, and therefore purple and blue wholemeals can be a source of anthocyanins when developing processed cereal products. However, cereal processing is anticipated to cause significant anthocyanin losses. In this study, the anthocyanin content of crackers and bread made from one purple and three blue wholemeals was measured during processing and after baking.

Physical activity assessment with wearable devices in rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: In the management of rheumatic musculoskeletal disorders (RMDs), regular physical activity (PA) is an important recognized non-pharmacological intervention. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate how the use of wearable devices (WDs) impacts physical activity in patients with noninflammatory and inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Methods: A comprehensive search of articles was performed in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus.

Association between obesity and frequency of high-grade prostate cancer on biopsy in men: A single-center retrospective study.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and the prostate cancer (PCa) risk at biopsy in Italian men. Retrospective analyses of the clinical data of 2,372 consecutive men undergoing ultrasound-guided multicore (≥10) prostate biopsy transrectally between May 2010 and December 2018 were performed. BMIs were categorized, according to Western countries' classification of obesity, as follows: <18.