Broadly reactive human CD4 T cells against Enterobacteriaceae are found in the naïve repertoire and are clonally expanded in the memory repertoire.

Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of Gram-negative bacteria that includes both commensals and opportunistic pathogens. The latter can cause severe nosocomial infections, with outbreaks of multi-antibiotics resistant strains, thus being a major public health threat. In this study, we report that Enterobacteriaceae-reactive memory Th cells were highly enriched in a CCR6 CXCR3 Th1*/17 cell subset and produced IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-22.

Chromobacterium violaceum bacteraemia: a new entity in Switzerland.

We report the uncommon clinical case of our patient, an 83-year-old woman with Alzheimer disease, who acquired a potentially fatal tropical infection in an open-air swimming pool in the Alps. Chromobacterium violaceum is a rare gram-negative anaerobe bacillus, generally associated with serious waterborne infections in tropical and subtropical regions. The patient presented to our emergency department with a 2-day history of fever and a small non-necrotic wound on the right leg after a minor injury 9 days before.