High-intensity interval training with blood-flow restriction enhances sprint and maximal aerobic power in male endurance athletes.

Unlabelled: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve endurance performance.

Purpose: We investigated the concurrent impact of HIIT and blood-flow restriction (BFR) as a novel approach to further enhance maximal aerobic and anaerobic physiology and performances in trained athletes.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, eighteen endurance-trained males (V ̇O2peak 65.

Hot But Not Cold Water Immersion Mitigates the Decline in Rate of Force Development Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage.

Purpose: In recent years, there has been significant advancement in the guidelines for recovery protocols involving heat or cold water immersion. However, comparison between the effects of hot and cold water immersion on key markers of neuromuscular recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is lacking.

Methods: Thirty physically active males completed an individualized and tailored EIMD protocol immediately followed by one of the following recovery interventions: cold water immersion (11°C, CWI 11 ), hot water immersion (41°C, HWI 41 ), or warm-bath control (36°C, CON 36 ).

Acute Effects of Sprint Interval Training and Blood Flow Restriction on Neuromuscular and Muscle Function.

Unlabelled: BFR) applied during sprint interval training (SIT) on performance and neuromuscular function.

Methods: Fifteen men completed a randomized bout of SIT with CBFR, IBFR, and without BFR (No-BFR), consisting of 2, 30-s maximal sprints on a cycle ergometer with a resistance of 7.5% of body mass.

Performance Kinetics During Repeated Sprints is Influenced by Knowledge of Task Endpoint and Associated Peripheral Fatigue.

The regulation of exercise intensity allows an athlete to perform an exercise in the fastest possible time while avoiding debilitating neuromuscular fatigue development. This phenomenon is less studied during intermittent activities. To investigate anticipatory and real-time regulation of motor output and neuromuscular fatigue during repeated-sprint exercise, twelve males randomly performed one (S1), two (S2), four (S4) and six (S6) sets of five 5-s cycling sprints.

Acute Effects of Continuous and Intermittent Blood Flow Restriction on Sprint Interval Performance and Muscle Oxygen Responses.

Wizenberg, AM, Gonzalez-Rojas, D, Rivera, PM, Proppe, CE, Laurel, KP, Stout, JR, Fukuda, DH, Billaut, F, Keller, JL, and Hill, EC. Acute effects of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction on sprint interval performance and muscle oxygen responses. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): e546-e554, 2023-This investigation aimed to examine the acute effects of continuous and intermittent blood flow restriction (CBFR and IBFR, respectively) during sprint interval training (SIT) on muscle oxygenation, sprint performance, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE).

Time Decay in the Performance Benefits From Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia in World-Class Short-Track Speed Skaters.

Purpose: In short-track speed skating, athletes need to possess specific physiological capabilities to perform explosive starts and to finish races with faster lap times than their opponents. Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) can enhance repeated-sprint ability and high-intensity performance. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between on- and off-ice performance indicators for training and testing purposes and how these are optimized with RSH in world-class short-track speed skaters including world and Olympic champions.

Impact of sex on the cerebrovascular response to incremental aerobic exercise in moderately trained endurance athletes.

The cerebrovascular response to incremental aerobic exercise is comparable between males and females. Whether this response can be found in moderately trained athletes remains unknown. We aimed to examine the effect of sex on the cerebrovascular response to incremental aerobic exercise until volitional exhaustion in this population.

Ischemic Preconditioning with High and Low Pressure Enhances Maximum Strength and Modulates Heart Rate Variability.

Background: The application of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) to resistance exercise has attracted some attention, owing to increases in muscle performance. However, there is still no consensus on the optimal occlusion pressure for this procedure. This study compared the acute effects of IPC with high and low pressure of occlusion on upper and lower limb maximal strength and heart rate variability in recreationally trained individuals.

Special Issue "Optimising Interval Training Prescription".

High-intensity interval training, the so-called HIT, was popularized among athletes in the 1980's and has been shown to be one of the most effective training modalities for improving athletic performance in various sports [...

Repeated-sprint training in heat and hypoxia: Acute responses to manipulating exercise-to-rest ratio.

The aim of this study was to investigate acute performance and physiological responses to the manipulation of exercise-to-rest ratio (E:R) during repeated-sprint hypoxic training (RSH) in hot conditions. Twelve male team-sport players completed two experimental sessions at a simulated altitude of ∼3000 m (FO 0.144), air temperature of 40°C and relative humidity of 50%.

Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Handgrip Strength and Functional Capacity in Active Elderly Women.

Background: Aging decreases some capacities in older adults, sarcopenia being one of the common processes that occur and that interfered with strength capacity. The present study aimed to verify the acute effect of IPC on isometric handgrip strength and functional capacity in active elderly women.

Methods: In a single-blind, placebo-controlled design, 16 active elderly women (68.

Influence of diet on acute endocannabinoidome mediator levels post exercise in active women, a crossover randomized study.

The extended endocannabinoid system, also termed endocannabinoidome, participates in multiple metabolic functions in health and disease. Physical activity can both have an acute and chronic impact on endocannabinoid mediators, as does diet. In this crossover randomized controlled study, we investigated the influence of diet on the peripheral response to acute maximal aerobic exercise in a sample of active adult women (n = 7) with no underlying metabolic conditions.

Hyperoxia Improves Repeated-Sprint Ability and the Associated Training Load in Athletes.

This study investigated the impact of hyperoxic gas breathing (HYP) on repeated-sprint ability (RSA) and on the associated training load (TL). Thirteen team- and racquet-sport athletes performed 6-s all-out sprints with 24-s recovery until exhaustion (power decrement ≥ 15% for two consecutive sprints) under normoxic (NOR: FO 0.21) and hyperoxic (HYP: FO 0.

Sport-Specific Agility and Change of Direction in Water Polo: The Reliability and Validity of Two Newly Developed Tests.

Dong, L, Paradelo, D, Delorme, A, Oliveira, J, Parillo, B, Croteau, F, Romeas, T, Dubé, E, Bieuzen, F, Billaut, F, and Berryman, N. Sport-specific agility and change of direction in water polo: The reliability and validity of two newly developed tests. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S111-S118, 2021-There is a gap in water-based agility testing that considers both the change-of-direction (COD) and perceptive-reactive components of agility.

Increased air temperature during repeated-sprint training in hypoxia amplifies changes in muscle oxygenation without decreasing cycling performance.

The present study aims to investigate the acute performance and physiological responses, with specific reference to muscle oxygenation, to ambient air temperature manipulation during repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Thirteen male team-sport players completed one familiarisation and three experimental sessions at a simulated altitude of ∼3000 m (FO 0.144).

Blood Adenosine Increase During Apnea in Spearfishermen Reinforces the Efficiency of the Cardiovascular Component of the Diving Reflex.

The physiopathology consequences of hypoxia during breath-hold diving are a matter of debate. Adenosine (AD), an ATP derivative, is suspected to be implicated in the adaptive cardiovascular response to apnea, because of its vasodilating and bradycardic properties, two clinical manifestations observed during voluntary apnea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adenosine response to apnea-induced hypoxia in trained spearfishermen (SFM) who are used to perform repetitive dives for 4-5 h.

Neuromuscular Adjustments Following Sprint Training with Ischemic Preconditioning in Endurance Athletes: Preliminary Data.

This preliminary study examined the effect of chronic ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on neuromuscular responses to high-intensity exercise. In a parallel-group design, twelve endurance-trained males (VOmax 60.0 ± 9.

Running exercise with end-expiratory breath holding up to the breaking point induces large and early fall in muscle oxygenation.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to assess the effects of repeated running bouts with end-expiratory breath holding (EEBH) up to the breaking point on muscle oxygenation.

Methods: Eight male runners participated in three randomised sessions each including two exercises on a motorised treadmill. The first exercise consisted in performing 10-12 running bouts with EEBH of maximum duration either (separate sessions) at 60% (active recovery), 80% (passive recovery) or 100% (passive recovery) of the maximal aerobic velocity (MAV).

The effect of HIIT vs. SIT on muscle oxygenation in trained sprint kayakers.

Purpose: To assess the performance change and physiological adaptations following nine sessions of short high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or sprint-interval training (SIT) in sprint kayakers.

Methods: Twelve trained kayakers performed an incremental test and 3 time trials (200 m, 500 m and 1000 m) on a kayak ergometer. Oxygen consumption (V̇O) and muscle oxygenation of the latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, and vastus lateralis were measured.

Fifteen days of moderate normobaric hypoxia does not affect mitochondrial function, and related genes and proteins, in healthy men.

Purpose: To investigate within the one study potential molecular and cellular changes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis following 15 days of exposure to moderate hypoxia.

Methods: Eight males underwent a muscle biopsy before and after 15 days of hypoxia exposure (FiO = 0.140-0.

Capsaicinoid and Capsinoids as an Ergogenic Aid: A Systematic Review and the Potential Mechanisms Involved.

Context: Capsaicinoids and capsinoids (CAP) are natural substances found primarily in chili peppers and other spicy foods that agonize the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine. Several studies have shown CAP to be a potential antiobesity agent and to exhibit an analgesic effect in both rodents and humans. However, there is no scientific consensus about the effects of CAP on physical exercise performance and its physiological mechanisms of action.