Factor XI Inhibition With Heparin Reduces Clot Formation in Simulated Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supplies circulatory support and gas exchange to critically ill patients. Despite the use of systemic anticoagulation, blood exposure to ECMO surfaces causes thromboembolism complications. Inhibition of biomaterial surface-mediated activation of coagulation factor XI (FXI) may prevent device-associated thrombosis.

Immunopathological Alterations after Blast Injury and Hemorrhage in a Swine Model of Prolonged Damage Control Resuscitation.

Trauma-related hemorrhagic shock (HS) remains a leading cause of death among military and civilian trauma patients. We have previously shown that administration of complement and HMGB1 inhibitors attenuate morbidity and mortality 24 h after injury in a rat model of blast injury (BI) and HS. To further validate these results, this study aimed to develop a swine model and evaluate BI+HS-induced pathophysiology.

Traumatized triad of complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy - Impact on clinical outcomes in severe polytrauma patients.

Complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy following a traumatic injury are key pathophysiological mechanisms potentially associated with multiple-organ failure (MOF) and mortality. However, the heterogeneity in the responses of complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy to trauma, the nature and extent of their interplay, and their relationship to clinical outcomes remain unclear. Fifty-four poly-trauma patients were enrolled and divided into three subgroups based on their ISS.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022.

Background: This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) provides clinicians an overview of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), potential progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and their application to obesity.

Methods: The scientific information for this CPS is based upon published scientific citations, clinical perspectives of OMA authors, and peer review by the Obesity Medicine Association leadership.

Results: Topics of this CPS include the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH among patients with obesity, as well as NAFLD and NASH definitions, diagnosis, imaging, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, role of high fructose corn syrup and other simple sugars, and treatment (e.

HspB1 Overexpression Improves Life Span and Stress Resistance in an Invertebrate Model.

To explore the role of the small heat shock protein beta 1 (HspB1, also known as Hsp25 in rodents and Hsp27 in humans) in longevity, we created a Caenorhabiditis elegans model with a high level of ubiquitous expression of the naked mole-rat HspB1 protein. The worms showed increased life span under multiple conditions and also increased resistance to heat stress. RNAi experiments suggest that HspB1-induced life extension is dependent on the transcription factors skn-1 (Nrf2) and hsf-1 (Hsf1).

Employing Enhanced Recovery Goals in Bariatric Surgery (ENERGY): a national quality improvement project using the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program.

Background: To date, there have been no large-scale enhanced recovery projects in bariatric surgery in the United States.

Objective: The aim of this project was to implement an enhanced recovery protocol for selected Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program centers and determine its impact on length of stay, bleeding, readmissions, and reoperation rates.

Setting: University and private practice programs, United States.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Bariatric Surgery Readmissions: Findings From 130,007 Admissions in the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program.

Objective: To evaluate readmissions following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).

Background: Few studies have evaluated national readmission rates for primary bariatric surgery with national, bariatric-specific data.

Methods: Patients undergoing primary LAGB, LSG, or LRYGB from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014, at 698 centers were identified based upon Current Procedural Terminology codes.

Heritability of treadmill running endurance in rats.

Treadmill running was evaluated as a phenotype for selective breeding for high- and low-endurance performance from a starting population of 18 male and 24 female outbred Sprague-Dawley rats. Each rat was exercised to exhaustion once per day for 5 consecutive days. The treadmill was set at a constant 15 degrees slope, and the initial velocity of 10 m/min was increased by 1 m/min every 2 min.

Review: the effects of antihypertensive agents on serum lipids.

Because various antihypertensive drugs adversely affect lipid metabolism, these drugs may increase associated risks for coronary artery disease and thus offset some of the beneficial effects of blood pressure reduction. In this paper the current literature regarding the effects of antihypertensive agents on serum lipids is reviewed. Differing effects of various classes of antihypertensives are assessed to further our understanding of this very important subject.

Interaction of propranolol, verapamil, and nifedipine on the myocardial depressant effect of cocaine.

We wished to determine if drugs with negative inotropic properties would exacerbate the transient myocardial depression associated with intravenous (i.v.) cocaine administration.

Pseudopapillary fibroelastoma of the mitral valve.

Papillary fibroelastomas are well-recognized benign cardiac neoplasms. They are primarily asymptomatic, but occasionally are associated with neurologic and cardiac symptoms. Pseudopapillary fibroelastomas presenting with usual clinical and echocardiographic manifestations of papillary fibroelastoma but lacking characteristic histologic features have not been described previously.

Meals offered in the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program.

This paper presents findings from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study on the meals offered to students under the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and the School Breakfast Program (SBP). On average, NSLP lunches provide the program goal of at least one-third of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for most nutrients. The average amounts of total fat and saturated fat as a percentage of food energy in NSLP lunches, however, exceed the Dietary Guidelines' goals.

High cardiac output state in patients with multiple myeloma: case report and review of the literature.

A high cardiac output state, with or without congestive heart failure, has recently been recognized in patients with multiple myeloma. This case report deals with a 62-year-old man with multiple myeloma refractory to treatment, a high cardiac output state, and life-threatening pulmonary edema. In addition, a brief review of the literature is presented.

Two-vessel coronary artery dissection in the peripartum period. Case report and literature review.

The authors report a case of early peripartum myocardial infarction resulting from spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descending coronary artery and right coronary artery in a twenty-four-year-old woman. This is the first report of double-vessel coronary dissection involving both the left and right coronary arteries diagnosed antemortem and successfully treated.

Clinical utility of digital dobutamine stress echocardiography in the noninvasive evaluation of coronary artery disease.

Exercise electrocardiography is an established mode of evaluation for patients with suspected coronary artery disease. It also provides prognostic information and guides therapeutic management in patients with established disease. However, some patients are unable to exercise because of orthopedic problems, neurologic diseases, peripheral vascular disease, or deconditioning.

The effects of cocaine on cardiac electrophysiology in conscious, unsedated dogs.

This study was performed to determine the cardiac electrophysiological effects of cocaine and specifically to determine the time course of these actions. Eighteen chronically instrumented conscious dogs were tested with i.v.