Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome with mixed hearing loss: a case report.

A case report of a large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) as the sole radiographically detectable inner ear anomaly with a mixed hearing loss is presented. Hearing loss in LVAS is sensorineural with a conductive component in 15-27% of the cases. The hearing loss fluctuates and is progressive, resulting in the deterioration of the hearing after minor head trauma.

Systemic to pulmonary artery shunting.

Two cases showing systemic to pulmonary artery shunting, during the venous phase of bronchial arteriography are presented. In the first patient with chronic bronchiectasis, the shunting is believed to be due to newly formed vessels in the granulomatous tissue. At pulmonary angiography, the increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries simulated an angiographic defect due to dilution of the contrast by retrograde opacification from a left to right shunt.

Differences in CT density between dependent and nondependent portions of the lung: influence of lung volume.

Objective: Lung tissue, blood, and air determine the physical density of the lung and hence the attenuation measured on CT scans. These components are not homogeneously distributed throughout the lungs, and their relative proportion changes continuously during respiration. The objective of this study was to measure densities in various areas of the normal lung with CT and to examine the influences of gravity and of the degree of lung inflation on these densities.

Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis.

We report a case of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis in a young female. CT--and especially high resolution CT--is more specific and sensitive than chest radiography in showing the lung abnormalities. Pathognomonic CT findings are the presence of thin walled cystic air spaces spread throughout the lung parenchyma without nodules and without regional predominance and mostly surrounded by normal parenchyma.

Measurement of lung density by means of quantitative CT scanning. A study of correlations with pulmonary function tests.

In recent years, much attention has been given to the role of CT in detecting and quantitating pulmonary emphysema. We measured CT lung density in 45 patients undergoing a diagnostic work-up and compared this with pulmonary function tests. The CT lung densities measured with the sector method and with the whole lung method were very highly correlated with each other (r = 0.

Shortcomings and pitfalls of ocular MRI.

MRI was performed in 41 patients with ocular lesions: 27 cases of malignant melanoma, 5 of haemorrhage, 3 of choroidal metastasis, 3 of senile disciform macular degeneration, 2 retinoblastomas and 1 hamartoma. On MRI 5 small lesions (less than 2 mm thick): 1 melanoma, the 3 metastases and the hamartoma, were not seen. All the malignant melanomas visualised were hyperintense compared to the vitreous on T1-weighted images.

Intracranial vascular lesions: optimization and clinical evaluation of three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography.

The clinical value of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance (MR) angiography was prospectively evaluated in 26 patients with congenital intracranial vascular lesions; 12 had arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and 14 had venous angiomas. In the initial phase of the study the entire region of interest was imaged with one large acquisition volume (60-120-mm-thick slab). Later, the angiograms were obtained with adjacent but slightly overlapping, 30-mm-thick slabs, which clearly improved vascular detail.

[Moyamoya. Diagnosis using MRI and NMR angiography].

A case of Moya-Moya disease confirmed by cerebral angiography in a 10-year-old girl is reported. Hypertrophic collateral circulation is easily visualized by MRI. MR angiography very accurately demonstrated the vascular obstruction and the collateral circulation.

Cerebral venous angiomas. MR imaging at 1.5 tesla.

Sixteen cases of cerebral venous angiomas, seven cerebellar and nine supratentorial were imaged by magnetic resonance, using a T1 sequence and a motion compensated T2 sequence. The transcerebral draining vein of the lesion could be identified in thirteen out of sixteen patients. On T1-weighted images all the lesions were hypointense.

[Proton spin tomography in the evaluation of lung tumor invasiveness into the mediastinum].

The study of tumor extension and the diagnosis of invasion of the mediastinum are important features in the pre-operative staging of a lung tumor. MRI appears to be helpful. This paper gives a brief summary of the potentials and pitfalls of this technique.

[High-field magnetic resonance imaging of the liver compared to x-ray computed tomography. Preliminary study apropos of 39 cases].

Thirty nine patients with one or more focal hepatic lesions were examined by contrast enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A variety of pulse sequences--spin echo (SE), gradient echo (GE) and inversion recovery (IR)--have been reported in the literature on MRI concerning the detection and characterization of liver tumors. Multiple studies have compared MRI at different field strengths to CT.

Hypertrophic retromedullary venous drainage in spinal cord tumours: MR visualisation.

Pseudoangiomatous dilatation of retromedullary veins at myelography was noted in three cases of intramedullary spinal cord tumours. This concerned two haemangioblastomas at levels Th8 and L1, respectively, and an ependymoma of the conus terminalis. MRI accurately demonstrated the tumoural mass, together with the enlarged and tortuous draining perimedullary veins.

Thickening of dura surrounding meningiomas: MR features.

Thickening of the dura in continuity with a convexity meningioma was noted on T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images in seven patients. In five cases the corresponding CT image of the lesions was typical of meningioma. In two other cases the CT image of the lesions was atypical, owing to cyst formation in one and extensive edema in the other.

Magnetic resonance imaging in lesions of the eye globe.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in 22 patients with lesions of the globe were examined. There were 16 cases of malignant uveal melanoma, 2 cases of retinoblastoma, 3 cases of hemorrhagic choroidal detachment and 1 case of senile macula degeneration. MRI adequately depicted the lesions in 20 cases.