Publications by authors named "Fourgeaud J"
Background: A Parvovirus B19 (B19V) outbreak has been reported in Europe in 2023-2024. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the incidence of primary cases from 2012 to 2024 in one French hospital 2) to analyze the genome of 2023 strains 3) to identify virological profiles according to the clinical presentations of B19V infection.
Methods: The incidence of B19V primary cases was studied through an interrupted time-series analysis.
Article Synopsis
- - Enteric viruses are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis globally, particularly affecting children and the elderly, and can also lead to severe neurological diseases like poliomyelitis.
- - Understanding of immune responses to these viruses is primarily derived from animal studies, although vaccines (like those for poliovirus and rotavirus) have advanced our knowledge, particularly regarding protective immunity.
- - Research on Inborn Errors of Immunity highlights the importance of antibodies, showing that individuals with inadequate antibody production are more susceptible to prolonged enteric viral infections and related neurological issues due to the role of B cells and immunoglobulins in viral control.
Background: The treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is usually administered to neonates after birth; however, it can be anticipated during the prenatal period by treating pregnant women in order to reduce the severity of the congenital disease. The most commonly used treatment for CMV during pregnancy is valaciclovir; however, valganciclovir has a higher potency against CMV and is the first choice for neonates with congenital CMV disease.
Objectives: We investigated neonatal and maternal safety of tertiary prevention in infected fetuses showing ultrasound features of infection using valganciclovir.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFFMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L), encoded by FLT3LG, is a hematopoietic factor essential for the development of natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) in mice. We describe three humans homozygous for a loss-of-function FLT3LG variant with a history of various recurrent infections, including severe cutaneous warts. The patients' bone marrow (BM) was hypoplastic, with low levels of hematopoietic progenitors, particularly myeloid and B cell precursors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCongenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection carries a significant burden with a 0.64% global prevalence and a 17-20% chance of serious long-term effects in children. Since the last guidelines, our understanding, particularly regarding primary maternal infections, has improved.
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- About 20% of neonates with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) experience long-term health issues, making early prediction of outcomes crucial for treatment and counseling.
- The study followed 227 neonates diagnosed with cCMV to identify predictive markers; key findings showed maternal primary infection during the first trimester greatly increased the risk of negative outcomes.
- A model using normal hearing, platelet count, and cranial ultrasound at birth showed high specificity and can help clinicians tailor care for cCMV-affected neonates.
Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) allows untargeted identification of a broad range of pathogens, including rare or novel microorganisms. Despite the recognition of mNGS as a valuable diagnostic tool for infections, the most relevant indications for this innovative strategy remain poorly defined. We aimed to assess the determinants of positivity and clinical utility of mNGS.
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- The study evaluates two strategies for CMV serology screening in the first trimester of pregnancy, focusing on their effectiveness in diagnosing maternal primary infections.
- Strategy 1 involves initial IgG and IgM testing followed by IgG avidity for positive IgM results, while Strategy 2 proceeds with avidity testing for all samples with positive IgG, ignoring IgM.
- Results indicate that Strategy 1 has better sensitivity (91.6%) compared to Strategy 2 (83%) for detecting infections, highlighting the importance of using sensitive IgM assays for optimal performance.
Article Synopsis
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was utilized to study patients with primary or secondary immune deficiencies (PIDs and SIDs) who exhibited immunopathological issues.
- The study involved 30 symptomatic and 59 asymptomatic patients, with mNGS revealing Aichi virus (AiV) in tissue from some infected patients, confirming the potential link between AiV and immunodysregulation.
- Results showed that AiV was associated with significant clinical symptoms, including multiorgan involvement, and symptoms improved after treatment, supporting the idea that AiV may be a causal factor in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- Renal arcuate vein thrombosis (RAVT) is a rare condition that can cause kidney problems in young adults, but we don’t fully understand how often it happens or why it occurs.
- Researchers looked at five young patients with RAVT found during kidney tests, and they noticed that four of them used a lot of pain medication called NSAIDs, which might be linked to the problem.
- They also found signs of a virus called SARS-CoV-2 in one patient’s kidney, suggesting that this virus could harm blood vessels in the kidneys, making the situation worse.
Article Synopsis
- Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT) are potential cures for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), but patients often face late-onset issues like persistent hepatitis.
- A study of SCID patients revealed that 11 out of 44 experienced persistent hepatitis linked to chronic enteric viral infections, particularly enteric viruses not found in non-hepatitis SCID patients.
- Treatments like retransplantation or gene therapy showed promise, as 5 patients achieved remission of hepatitis and viral clearance, highlighting the importance of addressing immune dysregulation in these patients.
In March 2022, a 61-year-old woman in France who had received a heart-lung transplant sought treatment with chronic hepatitis mainly characterized by increased liver enzymes. After ruling out common etiologies, we used metagenomic next-generation sequencing to analyze a liver biopsy sample and identified an unknown species of circovirus, tentatively named human circovirus 1 (HCirV-1). We found no other viral or bacterial sequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load dynamics in blood and saliva during the first 2 years of life in symptomatic and asymptomatic infected infants and to identify whether these kinetics could have practical clinical implications.
Study Design: The Cymepedia cohort prospectively included 256 congenitally infected neonates followed for 2 years. Whole blood and saliva were collected at inclusion and months 4 and 12, and saliva at months 18 and 24.
Background: Enteroviruses (EV) are the most frequent cause of acute meningitis worldwide, and regularly responsible for outbreaks. Human parechoviruses (PeV) are associated with sepsis and meningitis in young infants. In Mayotte, a French department located in the Comoros archipelago, EVs and PeVs are not part of the routine screening of cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) of patients with meningitis.
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- Some patients with weakened immune systems can keep spreading the COVID-19 virus for a long time after getting sick, but serious relapses are pretty rare.
- This text tells about a kidney transplant patient who got very sick with COVID-19 again, even after seeming to recover from the first infection.
- Doctors found the virus again using special tests and noticed changes in the virus that might help it enter cells better, especially in patients getting certain treatments.
Article Synopsis
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of congenital infections, with around 20% of infected newborns developing sensorineural hearing loss; targeted screening for cCMV in those who fail hearing screening may help identify and treat affected infants early.
- In a study involving 236 newborns in Paris, saliva samples for CMV testing were successfully collected from 98% of participants, showing results within 9 days, and confirming hearing loss in 2.8% of cases.
- The findings indicate that implementing targeted cCMV screening is practical and effective in identifying infected neonates who may benefit from early antiviral treatment.
This communication described how the Coris BioConcept COVID-19 Ag Respi-Strip test (Coris-Ag) was implemented in the workflow of our clinical microbiology laboratory for COVID-19 diagnosis. The diagnostic performance statistics (sensitivity, specificity) of the Coris-Ag were evaluated against a gold standard, the RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kit 1.0.
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