Mental Illnesses and Quality of Sleep Among Nurses Working at a Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives This study primarily aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental illnesses (depression, anxiety, and stress) along with the poor quality of sleep, with a secondary focus on determining whether there was an association between mental health and quality of sleep among nurses working at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic on 309 nurses from different departments at King Khalid University Hospital. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), and sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) via an online survey.

An extremely rare complete bilateral duplication of inferior vena cava in a male cadaver: anatomy, embryology and clinical relevance.

The study presented an extremely rare case of real complete bilateral duplication of inferior vena cava (IVC) in a male cadaver which has never been reported before. Both IVC had approximately the same diameter. The right IVC drained into the right atrium; the left IVC continued as hemiazygos vein and drained into the superior vena cava.

Lisinopril has a cardio-protective effect on experimental acute autoimmune myocarditis in rats.

Purpose: The present study investigated the effect of lisinopril on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in rats, a histologically similar model to human acute myocarditis.

Animals And Methods: Twenty four, six week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I received no treatment.

Curcumin ameliorates experimental autoimmune acute myocarditis in rats as evidenced by decrease in thioredoxin immunoreactivity.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of curcumin on cardiac myosin-induced autoimmune myocarditis in rats and the change in thioredoxin (TRX) immunoreactivity in cardiomyocytes following curcumin treatment. Twenty-four six-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I received neither curcumin nor myosin.

Collagen types I and II distribution: a relevant indicator for the functional properties of articular cartilage in immobilised and remobilised rabbit knee joints.

The objective of the present work was to study changes in collagen type I and type II distribution in the articular cartilage of immobilised and remobilised rabbit knee joints. Twenty-four adult male rabbits were divided into three groups. One of the groups was a control group with free movement.

Hypoglycemic effects of date seed extract. Possible mechanism of action, and potential therapeutic implications.

Objective: To investigate the possible mechanism, by which an extract from date seeds exert its hypoglycemic effect.

Methods: This study was performed at the Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from May to December 2012. Eighty rats were divided into 4 groups.

Radiate ligament shortening and idiopathic scoliosis.

Objective: To investigate the possible role of radiate ligament in idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: This study was designed as a case-control study adapted to cadavers. Eighteen human cadavers, 12 males and 6 females of Caucasian race, with a mean age of 55 years were studied at the Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from November 2010 to February 2012.

Normal knee angles in the adult Saudi population.

Objective: To study knee angles in the adult Saudi population and compare their values to the published data from other populations.

Methods: Antero-posterior bilateral radiographs of 333 normal knees of 120 males and 213 females, with age range of 18-65 years, were studied retrospectively at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2009 to December 2009. Tibiofemoral (TFA), lateral distal femoral (LDFA), and lateral proximal tibial (LPTA) angles were measured and the mean of each angle was calculated.

An extract from date seeds having a hypoglycemic effect. Is it safe to use?

Objective: To investigate the safety of date seed extract administration, and to compare between toxic effects of diabetes on rats treated with insulin versus rats treated with insulin-seed extract.

Methods: This study was performed in the Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from August to December 2010. One hundred rats were divided into 5 groups.

Hypoglycemic effect of an extract from date seeds on diabetic rats.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of an aqueous extract from date seeds on diabetic rats.

Methods: The study was performed in the Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between November 2008 and December 2009. Eighty adult albino rats were divided into 4 groups.

Electron microscopic study on the effect of alternate-day hydrocortisone therapy on lymphocyte populations in rat spleen and lymph nodes.

The ultrastructural effects of 400 mg/M2/day of hydrocortisone sc, given alternatively from day 7 through day 19, were studied on the lymphocyte populations in the white pulp of the spleen and in the cortex of the mesenteric lymph nodes of the immunologically immature rat. Results were consistent with both a direct lytic effect of hydrocortisone on small lymphocytes of the nodular cortex of the mesenteric lymph nodes and an indirect effect on small lymphocytes of the periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) of the spleen supplied via the thymus. In contrast, medium-sized lymphocytes in the PALS appeared to be unaffected by hydrocortisone, while medium-sized lymphocytes of the nodular cortex of the mesenteric lymph nodes exhibited a temporary depletion of cytoplasmic organelles.

Effect of alternate-day hydrocortisone therapy on the immunologically immature rat. III: Changes in T- and B-cell areas in lymph nodes.

The histologic effects of the alternate-day hydrocortisone therapy (400 mg/M2 from day 7 to day 19 after birth) were studied on the mesenteric lymph nodes of immunologically immature rats. In rats sacrificed 2 days following the cessation of therapy, depletion of lymphocytes of the thymus-independent area was apparent. Smaller lymphocytes were more susceptible to the effect of hydrocortisone than larger ones.

Effect of alternate-day hydrocortisone therapy on the immunologically immature rat. II: Changes in T- and B-cell areas in spleen.

The histologic effect of 400 mg/M2/day of hydrocortisone, given alternatively from day 7 to day 19 after birth, was studied on the spleen of the immunologically immature rat. Two days after the cessation of treatment, the periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths were found to be largely depleted of small lymphocytes. Immunoperoxidase studies confirmed a depletion of T lymphocytes.

Effect of alternate-day hydrocortisone therapy on the immunologically immature rat. I: Effect on blood cell count, immunoglobulin concentrations, and body and organ weights.

The effect of 400 mg/M2/day of hydrocortisone, given alternatively from day 7 to day 19, was studied in the immunologically immature rat, a steroid-sensitive species. Animals, sacrificed 2 days following the completion of treatment, suffered from an underweight thymus and spleen, leucocytosis, and peripheral lymphocytopenia, probably not due to redistribution of lymphocytes from blood to tissues. In addition, a significant decrease in serum IgM concentration, reflecting a deficit in primary immune response, was evidenced.