Potential impact of Helicobacter pylori-related metabolic syndrome on upper and lower gastrointestinal tract oncogenesis.

Both Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic syndrome present significant global public health burdens. Metabolic syndrome is closely related to insulin resistance, the major underlying mechanism responsible for metabolic abnormalities, and Helicobacter pylori infection has been proposed to be a contributing factor. There is growing evidence for a potential association between Helicobacter pylori infection and insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and related morbidity, including abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, all of which increase mortality related to cardio-cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and malignancies.

infection and esophageal adenocarcinoma: a review and a personal view.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is etiologically associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). There is evidence to support the sequence GERD, Barrett's esophagus (BE), dysplasia, and finally EAC, with being implicated in each step to EAC. On the other side of this relation stands the hypothesis of the protective role of against EAC.