Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A isolates from children in the pre and post Conjugate Vaccine Era. Single center experience 1986-2015.

Background: The present study assessed the prevalence and characteristics of S. pneumoniae serotype 19A isolates from children with pneumococcal disease (PD), before and since introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in Greece.

Methods: S.

Molecular analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes macrolide resistance of paediatric isolates during a 7 year period (2007-13).

Objectives: The molecular characterization of paediatric group A Streptococcus (GAS) isolates regarding macrolide resistance and relevant emm types in Athens, Greece.

Methods: Pharyngeal and non-pharyngeal GAS isolates were collected during a 7 year period (2007-13) and examined for antibiotic susceptibility, macrolide resistance genes [mef(A), erm(A) and erm(B)] and relevant emm types.

Results: Overall, 20.

Pneumococcal Mastoiditis in Children Before and After the Introduction of Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccines.

Objectives: To determine whether serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae acute mastoiditis (AM) in children have changed in the post pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) era.

Methods: Medical records of pneumococcal AM cases, in a tertiary pediatric hospital were reviewed from January 1999 to December 2014. S.

Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes: prevalence, resistance determinants, and emm types.

To investigate the antimicrobial resistance trends and the distribution of emm types of group A streptococci (GAS), we examined 1160 clinical isolates of GAS collected between 2003 and 2006. Susceptibilities to commonly used antimicrobial agents were determined by Etest, and macrolide resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). GAS isolates were typed by polymerase chain reaction PCR and sequencing of emm gene.