Effectiveness of a physiotherapist-led triage and treatment service on WAITing time for adults with musculoskeletal pain referred to Australian public hospital physiotherapy clinics: a protocol for the WAIT-less trial.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal pain is the second leading cause of disease burden in Australia, and there is a need to investigate new models of care to cope with the increasing demand for health services. This paper describes the protocol for a randomised controlled trial investigating whether a physiotherapist-led triage and treatment service is non-inferior for improving function at 6 months and superior for reducing treatment waiting times, compared with usual care for patients with musculoskeletal pain referred to public hospital outpatient physiotherapy clinics.

Methods And Analysis: A total of 368 participants (184 per arm) will be recruited from six public hospitals located in metropolitan Sydney, Australia.

'Which treatment do you believe you received?' A randomised blinding feasibility trial of spinal manual therapy.

Background: Blinding is essential for mitigating biases in trials of low back pain (LBP). Our main objectives were to assess the feasibility of blinding: (1) participants randomly allocated to active or placebo spinal manual therapy (SMT), and (2) outcome assessors. We also explored blinding by levels of SMT lifetime experience and recent LBP, and factors contributing to beliefs about the assigned intervention.

The pleasurable urge to move to music is unchanged in people with musical anhedonia.

In cognitive science, the sensation of "groove" has been defined as the pleasurable urge to move to music. When listeners rate rhythmic stimuli on derived pleasure and urge to move, ratings on these dimensions are highly correlated. However, recent behavioural and brain imaging work has shown that these two components may be separable.

Design of allosteric modulators that change GPCR G protein subtype selectivity.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of drug targets, can signal through 16 subtypes of Gα proteins. Biased compounds that selectively activate therapy-relevant pathways promise to be safer, more effective medications. The determinants of bias are poorly understood, however, and rationally-designed, G protein-subtype-selective compounds are lacking.

Physiotherapists' Experiences and Perceived Acceptability of Delivering a Knee Bracing Intervention for People With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in a Randomised Trial (PROP OA): A Qualitative Study.

Objectives: To explore physiotherapists' experiences and perceived acceptability of delivering a bracing intervention for knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the 'PROvision of braces for Patients with knee OA' (PROP OA) randomised controlled trial.

Method: Semi-structured telephone interviews with consenting physiotherapists who received the PROP OA training programme and delivered the knee bracing intervention (advice, information and exercise instruction plus knee brace matched to patients' clinical and radiographic presentation and with adherence support). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim.

Structured tailored rehabilitation after hip fragility fracture: The 'Stratify' feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: Rehabilitation in hospital is effective in reducing mortality after hip fracture. However, there is uncertainty over optimal in-hospital rehabilitation treatment ingredients, and the generalizability of trial findings to subgroups of patients systematically excluded from previous trials. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial which aims to assess the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of adding a stratified care intervention to usual care designed to improve outcomes of acute rehabilitation for all older adults after hip fracture.

Modelling the epidemiological and economic impact of digital adherence technologies with differentiated care for tuberculosis treatment in Ethiopia.

Background: Digital adherence technologies (DATs) with associated differentiated care are potential tools to improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and reduce associated costs for both patients and healthcare providers. However, the balance between epidemiological and economic benefits remains unclear. Here, we used data from the ASCENT trial to estimate the potential long-term epidemiological and economic impact of DAT interventions in Ethiopia.

Effects of Arthroscopic Surgery and Non-Surgical Therapy on Hip Contact Forces in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.

Introduction: We compared the 12-months effects of arthroscopic surgery and physiotherapist-led care for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome on the time-varying magnitude of hip contact force and muscle contributions to hip contact force during walking.

Methods: Secondary analysis was performed on thirty-seven individuals with FAI syndrome who received biomechanical assessment before and 12-months following either arthroscopic surgery (n = 17) or physiotherapist-led care (Personalised Hip Therapy, PHT) (n = 20). At both time points, three-dimensional whole-body motions, ground reaction forces, and surface electromyograms (n = 14) were acquired during overground walking.

Outcomes of traumatically injured patients after nighttime transfer from the intensive care unit.

Background: Prior studies have associated nighttime transfer of patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) with increased morbidity. This study sought to examine this relationship in traumatically injured patients, as this has not been previously performed.

Methods: A retrospective review of traumatically injured patients admitted to a Level I Trauma Center's ICU from January 2021 to September 2022 was performed.

Design of allosteric modulators that change GPCR G protein subtype selectivity.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of drug targets, can signal through 16 subtypes of Gα proteins. Biased compounds that selectively activate therapy-relevant pathways promise to be safer, more effective medications. The determinants of bias are poorly understood, however, and rationally-designed, G protein-subtype-selective compounds are lacking.

The Global Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Collegiate Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Athletes are at high risk of iron deficiency even without anemia. In this systematic review and meta-analysis that included 17,519 athletes in 122 references from 23 countries, participating in 62 unique sports over a 41-year timeframe, approximately 53.9% of student-athletes were found to be hypoferritinemic (ferritin concentration below 50 mcg/L) with 23.

Iron Deficiency in Collegiate Athletes Obtaining Preparticipation Hemoglobinopathy Screening in the Upper Midwest.

Objective: Iron and other biologically important metals are essential to mitochondrial function but are not routinely evaluated. Their equilibrium is critical to the optimal performance of cells with high metabolic activity such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and skeletal myocytes. Teenagers are at a high risk of iron deficiency even without anemia.

Dendritome Mapping Unveils Spatial Organization of Striatal D1/D2-Neuron Morphology.

Morphology is a cardinal feature of a neuron that mediates its functions, but profiling neuronal morphologies at scale remains a formidable challenge. Here we describe a generalizable pipeline for large-scale brainwide study of dendritic morphology of genetically-defined single neurons in the mouse brain. We generated a dataset of 3,762 3D-reconstructed and reference-atlas mapped striatal D1- and D2- medium spiny neurons (MSNs).

Cost and cost-effectiveness of digital technologies for support of tuberculosis treatment adherence: a systematic review.

Background: Digital adherence technologies (DATs) may provide a patient-centred approach to supporting tuberculosis (TB) medication adherence and improving treatment outcomes. We synthesised evidence addressing costs and cost-effectiveness of DATs to support TB treatment.

Methods: A systematic review (PROSPERO-CRD42022313531) identified relevant literature from January 2000 to April 2023 in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science along with preprints from medRxiv, Europe PMC and ClinicalTrials.

Prognostic Factors in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of CALGB 30610-RTOG 0538.

Importance: The impact of patient-specific, disease-related, and social factors on outcomes in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) is not well defined. A post hoc secondary analysis of such factors from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 30610-Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0538 trial may impact future trial design.

Objective: To assess the comprehensive demographic, disease-related, treatment-related, and social factors for potential associations with survival outcomes and understand whether specific subpopulations may benefit from radiotherapy (RT) dose escalation in LS-SCLC.

The Ramp protocol: Uncovering individual differences in walking to an auditory beat using TeensyStep.

Intentionally walking to the beat of an auditory stimulus seems effortless for most humans. However, studies have revealed significant individual differences in the spontaneous tendency to synchronize. Some individuals tend to adapt their walking pace to the beat, while others show little or no adjustment.

Musculoskeletal patients' preferences for care from physiotherapists or support workers: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Delegation of clinical tasks from physiotherapists to physiotherapy support workers is common yet varies considerably in musculoskeletal outpatient physiotherapy services, leading to variation in patient care. This study aimed to explore patients' preferences and estimate specific trade-offs patients are willing to make in treatment choices when treated in musculoskeletal outpatient physiotherapy services.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment was conducted using an efficient design with 16 choice scenarios, divided into two blocks.

Does music training improve inhibition control in children? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Inhibition control is an essential executive function during children's development, underpinning self-regulation and the acquisition of social and language abilities. This executive function is intensely engaged in music training while learning an instrument, a complex multisensory task requiring monitoring motor performance and auditory stream prioritization. This novel meta-analysis examined music-based training on inhibition control in children.

IL-1 Signal Inhibition in Alcohol-Related Hepatitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Canakinumab.

Background And Aims: Short-term mortality in alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) is high, and no current therapy results in durable benefit. A role for interleukin (IL)-1β has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. This study explored the safety and efficacy of canakinumab (CAN), a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-1β, in the treatment of patients with AH.

Shifting Trends in the Epidemiology of Cervical Spine Injuries: An Analysis of 11,822 Patients from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System over Two Decades.

Cervical spine injuries (CSIs) are heterogeneous in nature and often lead to long-term disability and morbidity. However, there are few recent and comprehensive epidemiological studies on CSI. The objective of this study was to characterize recent trends in CSI patient demographics, incidence, etiology, and injury level.