Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Is Associated With Circadian and Other Variability in Embolus Detection.

Variability in transcranial Doppler (TCD) detection of embolic signals (ES) is important for risk stratification. We tested the effect of time of day on ES associated with 60-99% asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Subjects were from the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Embolus Detection (ASED) Study such that half were previously ES-positive and half ES-negative with 6-monthly 60-min TCD monitoring.

Pregnancy complications and premature cardiovascular events among 1.6 million California pregnancies.

Background: Cardiovascular complications of pregnancy present an opportunity to assess risk for subsequent cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine whether peripartum cardiomyopathy and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy subtypes predict future myocardial infarction, heart failure or stroke independent of one another and of other risks such as gestational diabetes, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction.

Methods And Results: The California Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project database was used to identify all hospitalised pregnancies from 2005 to 2009, with follow-up through 2011, for a retrospective cohort study.

Echocardiographic determination of pulmonary arterial capacitance.

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that pulmonary arterial capacitance (PAC) is the strongest hemodynamic predictor of clinical outcomes across a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disease, including pulmonary hypertension and heart failure. We hypothesized that a ratio of right ventricular stroke volume (RVOT VTI) to the associated peak arterial systolic pressure (PASP) could function as a reliable non-invasive surrogate for PAC. We performed a prospective study of patients undergoing simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterization (RHC) for various clinical indications.

First seizure presentations in adults: beyond assessment and treatment.

Almost 10% of people will experience at least one seizure over a lifetime. Although common, first seizures are serious events and warrant careful assessment and management. First seizures may be provoked by acute or remote symptomatic factors including life-threatening metabolic derangements, drug toxicity or structural brain lesions.

Electrochemical Response of Corresponds to Cell Viability upon Exposure to Seed Extracts and Antifungal Drugs.

bioactive compounds have been shown to contain antioxidant properties. The extracts from the same plant are used in traditional medical practices to treat various diseases with impressive outcomes. In this study, ionic mobility in cells in the presence of seed extracts was monitored using electrochemical detection methods to link cell death to ionic imbalance.

Clusterin in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Genetics, and Lessons From Other Pathologies.

Clusterin (CLU) or APOJ is a multifunctional glycoprotein that has been implicated in several physiological and pathological states, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). With a prominent extracellular chaperone function, additional roles have been discussed for clusterin, including lipid transport and immune modulation, and it is involved in pathways common to several diseases such as cell death and survival, oxidative stress, and proteotoxic stress. Although clusterin is normally a secreted protein, it has also been found intracellularly under certain stress conditions.

Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystal Nanocomposite Membranes with Controlled Interfacial Transport for Improved Reverse Osmosis Performance.

Thin-film nanocomposite membranes (TFNs) are a recent class of materials that use nanoparticles to provide improvements over traditional thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis membranes by addressing various design challenges, e.g., low flux for brackish water sources, biofouling, etc.

Materials for the Spine: Anatomy, Problems, and Solutions.

Disc degeneration affects 12% to 35% of a given population, based on genetics, age, gender, and other environmental factors, and usually occurs in the lumbar spine due to heavier loads and more strenuous motions. Degeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) within reduces mechanical integrity, shock absorption, and swelling capabilities of the intervertebral disc. When severe enough, the disc can bulge and eventually herniate, leading to pressure build up on the spinal cord.

A mixed-methods approach to determine how conservation management programs and techniques have affected herbicide use and distribution in the environment over time.

No-till agriculture has the ability to reduce fuel consumption, increase soil moisture, reduce soil erosion and increase organic matter. However, it remains unclear whether it increases herbicide use overall in the long term for communities that use no-till as their primary source of conservation agriculture. The preponderance of literature suggests that no-till has increased herbicide use, but it is difficult to quantify how much herbicide has increased in a given location and to directly correlate changes in herbicide use to changes in soil and water quality.

One-Year Outcomes After MitraClip for Functional Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) occurs in the absence of organic mitral valve disease and may develop as the left ventricle dilates or remodels or as a result of leaflet tethering with impaired coaptation, most commonly from apical and lateral distraction of the subvalvular apparatus, with late annular dilatation. The optimal therapy for SMR is unclear. This study sought to evaluate the 1-year adjudicated outcomes of all patients with SMR undergoing the MitraClip procedure in the EVEREST II (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair Study) Investigational Device Exemption program, which is comprised of the randomized clinical trial, the prospective High-Risk Registry, and the REALISM Continued Access Registry (Multicenter Study of the MitraClip System).

Presentation and management of community-onset vs hospital-onset first seizures.

Background: New-onset seizures are frequently encountered in community and hospital settings. It is likely that seizures presenting in these distinct settings have different etiologies and prognoses, requiring different investigation and treatment approaches. We directly compare the presentation and management of patients with community- and hospital-onset first seizures attending the same hospital.

Computational Simulation of Array-based Electroporation in the Cochlea.

We present a computational model for predicting electric field distributions following array-based closed-loop electroporation in the cochlea. The model geometry was reconstructed from magnetic resonance images of the guinea pig cochlea and an eight-channel electrode array embedded within this geometry. The model's electrode voltage output waveform was obtained from electric potential mapping conducted in physiological solution following constant-current stimulation using the electrode array.

Restorative aspects of oral cancer reconstruction.

The oral rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients is a vital and pivotal part of their care pathway, helping to restore function, aesthetics and improve patient well-being and quality of life. Patient-reported outcome data demonstrates that such patients consider that many of their continued and unmet needs relate to their oral and dental rehabilitation. It is therefore incumbent on all dental team members to be aware of the entire spectrum of restorative management options that can be utilised in both the prevention and rehabilitation of this patient cohort.

Field Testing of the Use of Intake24-An Online 24-Hour Dietary Recall System.

Dietary assessment is important for monitoring and evaluating population intakes. Online tools can reduce the level of participant burden and the time taken to complete records, compared with other methods. The study aimed to field test an online dietary recall tool (Intake24) to test the suitability for collecting dietary information in Scottish national surveys and to develop the system based on feedback and emerging issues.

Glioneuronal brainstem tumor - It's all in the eyes.

A previously well man presented with several months' history of neurological symptoms including diplopia and balance difficulties. Examination revealed fluctuating neurological deficits, fatigable weakness and slowed saccades. Extensive testing revealed mildly elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, strongly positive single fiber electromyography and a dorsal pontine lesion at the floor of the 4th ventricle.

Mini Dental Implants in the Management of The Atrophic Maxilla and Mandible: A New Implant Design and Preliminary Results.

Although the edentulous population in the UK is falling, those that are rendered edentulous are becoming edentate later in life and with significantly resorbed ridges. This creates a challenge because the management of such patients and their ability to adapt to new dentures is impaired later in life. Despite widespread endorsement of two implants to retain lower complete dentures, the inability to comply has resulted in elderly patients with compromised ability to function and unable to eat a healthy diet.

The Transformative and Versatile Role of Cellulose Nanomaterials in Templating and Shaping Multiscale Mesostructured Ceramics.

The transformative and versatile role of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) as an enabling technology in the preparation of multiscale mesostructured ceramics, with pore sizes in the meso- (2-50 nm) and macroporosity (above 50 nm) range with controlled porous architecture across the structure is explored. CNMs have revolutionized functional advanced materials concepts and technology by using natural resources to derive superb properties. Its unique chemical and physical properties have inspired its exploitation as a reinforcement agent, stimuli responsive tool, and templating agent mostly for biologic and polymeric materials, as well as for metals and ceramics.

Self-reported Balance Disturbance and Performance-Based Balance Impairment After Concussion in the General Population.

Objective: To characterize the prevalence of, and relationship between, self-reported balance disturbance and performance-based balance impairment in the general population with concussion.

Setting: Rehabilitation hospital outpatient concussion clinic.

Participants: One hundred six individuals with concussion (49 males, mean age = 32.

Clusterin Is Required for β-Amyloid Toxicity in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons.

Our understanding of the molecular processes underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still limited, hindering the development of effective treatments, and highlighting the need for human-specific models. Advances in identifying components of the amyloid cascade are progressing, including the role of the protein clusterin in mediating β-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity. Mutations in the clusterin gene (CLU), a major genetic AD risk factor, are known to have important roles in Aβ processing.

Correction to: Challenges in the assessment of total fluid intake in children and adolescents: a discussion paper.

In the original publication of the article, a mistake was introduced in affiliation of Dr. Michael Nelson.