Posterior extent of left anterior temporal lobectomy and picture naming decline.

Objective: Recent voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) studies have identified a critical region for picture naming, located 3.4 to 6.1 cm from the temporal pole.

Presumed aetiologies and clinical outcomes of non-lesional late-onset epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: Our objective was to define phenotypes of non-lesional late-onset epilepsy (NLLOE) depending on its presumed aetiology and to determine their seizure and cognitive outcomes at 12 months.

Methods: In all, 146 newly diagnosed NLLOE patients, >50 years old, were prospectively included and categorized by four presumed aetiological subtypes: neurodegenerative subtype (patients with a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease) (n = 31), microvascular subtype (patients with three or more cardiovascular risk factors and two or more vascular lesions on MRI) (n = 39), inflammatory subtype (patient meeting international criteria for encephalitis) (n = 9) and unlabelled subtype (all individuals who did not meet the criteria for other subtypes) (n = 67). Cognitive outcome was determined by comparing for each patient the proportion of preserved/altered scores between initial and second neuropsychological assessment.

Neuropsychological assessment in pediatric epilepsy surgery: A French procedure consensus.

Neuropsychological assessment is a mandatory part of the pre- and post-operative evaluation in pediatric epilepsy surgery. The neuropsychology task force of the ILAE - French Chapter aims to define a neuropsychological procedure consensus based on literature review and adapted for French practice. They performed a systematic review of the literature published between 1950 and 2023 on cognitive evaluation of individuals undergoing presurgical work-up and post-surgery follow-up and focused on the pediatric population aged 6-16.

Initial PCV Chemotherapy Followed by Radiotherapy Is Associated With a Prolonged Response But Late Neurotoxicity in 20 Diffuse Low-Grade Glioma Patients.

Background: Study RTOG 9802 in high-risk diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs) showed the potential synergistic effect on survival of the procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine (PCV) radiotherapy (RT) combination. Limited data on long-term neurocognitive impact and quality of life (QoL) have yet been reported.

Patients And Methods: We described a monocentric series of patients treated at first line by the combination of PCV immediately followed by RT between January 01, 1982 and January 01, 2017.

Anxiety and Depression in Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy: A Matter of Psychological History?

Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy (PWE), and these symptoms can even precede the onset of the pathology. We aimed to define the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms at the time of the epilepsy diagnosis and the factors related to their presence in newly diagnosed adult patients. One hundred and twelve newly diagnosed patients were assessed, usually in the week after diagnosis.

Stereoelectroencephalographic language mapping of the basal temporal cortex predicts postoperative naming outcome.

Objective: In drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, the authors evaluated early and late outcomes for decline in visual object naming after dominant temporal lobe resection (TLR) according to the resection status of the basal temporal language area (BTLA) identified by cortical stimulation during stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG).

Methods: Twenty patients who underwent SEEG for drug-resistant TLE met the inclusion criteria. During language mapping, a site was considered positive when stimulation of two contiguous contacts elicited at least one naming impairment during two remote sessions.

Memory improvement in multiple sclerosis after an extensive cognitive rehabilitation program in groups with a multicenter double-blind randomized trial.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an extended cognitive rehabilitation program in group's sessions in multiple sclerosis.

Design: Double-blind multicenter randomized trial.

Participants: People with multiple sclerosis of 18 to 60 years, Expanded Disability Status Scale ⩽6.

Long-term cognitive outcomes in patient with epilepsy.

In contrast to short-term cognitive outcomes, long-term cognitive outcomes (over 5 years) has been scarcely assessed so far. Yet, predicting long-term outcomes at any time point of the epilepsy, from initial diagnosis, to medically intractability is very important for therapeutic decision-making, patient information, and orientation. Assessing long-term cognitive outcomes in patients with epilepsy would ideally require longitudinal studies and a comparison with a healthy controls group.

Depression could modulate neuropsychological status in epilepsy.

While cognition and depression have often been studied in patients with epilepsy, only a few studies have so far attempted to link these two domains, and more specifically to investigate the specific impact of depression on cognition in epilepsy. In this review, we performed an extensive search of the literature database to provide a better understanding of this subject. Using several inclusion criteria (adult population, quantitative depression/neuropsychological assessment, statistical analyses of the impact of depression on cognitive scores, patients with epilepsy (PWE) and no other neurological disease, and studies including at least 20 patients), we identified 20 articles (out of 712 search results) that investigated both depression and cognition in PWE.

French neuropsychological procedure consensus in epilepsy surgery.

Introduction: Neuropsychological assessment is an integral component of the surgical procedure in patients with epilepsy. As no French consensus for neuropsychological assessment was available, the main goal of this work was to define French neuropsychological procedure consensus in regard to literature review.

Method: A panel of expert in neuropsychology was created within the framework of the French League Against Epilepsy.

Attention disorders in adults with epilepsy. Determinants and therapeutic strategies.

Cognitive consequences in epilepsy are often described in the following domains: verbal memory, language, executive functions, and attention. Attention is involved in all cognitive activities, and attention disorders (AD) are reported in patients with various neurological diseases. This paper proposes to define the concept of AD and its assessment, to consider their determinants in epilepsy and potential therapies (drug or not).

Dicoumarol relieves serum withdrawal-induced G0/1 blockade in HL-60 cells through a superoxide-dependent mechanism.

This work was set to study how dicoumarol affects the cell cycle in human myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells. Cells were accumulated in G0/1 after serum deprivation. However, when cells were treated with 5 microM dicoumarol in serum-free medium, a significant increment in the number of cells in S-phase was observed.

Antioxidant response induced by serum withdrawal protects HL-60 cells against inhibition of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1.

We have previously shown that inhibition of NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 with dicoumarol decreases growth and viability of HL-60 cells in the absence of serum. Here we demonstrate that culturing HL-60 cells in serum-free medium in the presence of dicoumarol results in a significant potentiation of apoptosis. However, when cells were preincubated for 24 h without serum before they were treated with dicoumarol, the effect of the inhibitor on cell growth and death was much lower.

A novel plasma membrane quinone reductase and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 are upregulated by serum withdrawal in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells.

We have studied changes in plasma membrane NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductases of HL-60 cells under serum withdrawal conditions, as a model to analyze cell responses to oxidative stress. Highly enriched plasma membrane fractions were obtained from cell homogenates. A major part of NADH-quinone oxidoreductase in the plasma membrane was insensitive to micromolar concentrations of dicumarol, a specific inhibitor of the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQOI, DT-diaphorase), and only a minor portion was characterized as DT-diaphorase.

Induction and inactivation of a cytochrome P450 confering herbicide resistance in wheat seedlings.

Cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes from wheat catalyze the oxidation of endogenous compounds (lauric and oleic acids) and of several herbicides (diclofop, chlortoluron, bentazon). Treatment of wheat seedlings with the safener, naphthalic anhydride and with phenobarbital increases dramatically several P450-dependent enzyme activities including diclofop and lauric acid hydroxylation. The parallel induction of lauric acid (omega-1)-hydroxylase and diclofop hydroxylase activities suggests that both compounds proceeds from the same or very similar forms of P450.

Neutral magnesium-dependent sphingomyelinase from liver plasma membrane: purification and inhibition by ubiquinol.

Plasma membranes isolated from pig liver contained almost no acid sphingomyelinase but significant neutral magnesium-dependent sphingomyelinase that was activated by phosphatidylserine. We report here the purification to apparent homogeneity of neutral sphingomyelinase of about 87 kDa from liver plasma membranes. The purified enzyme strictly required magnesium and had a neutral optimal pH.

Optimized expression and catalytic properties of a wheat obtusifoliol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51) expressed in yeast. Complementation of erg11Delta yeast mutants by plant CYP51.

CYP51s form the only family of P450 proteins conserved in evolution from prokaryotes to fungi, plants and mammals. In all eukaryotes, CYP51s catalyse 14alpha-demethylation of sterols. We have recently isolated two CYP51 cDNAs from sorghum [Bak, S.