Black soldier fly larvae: a one health approach to investigate gut, and organ health and meat quality response in slow-growing chickens.

Background: The inclusion of sustainable protein sources in poultry feed has become essential for improving animal welfare in livestock production. Black soldier fly larvae are a promising solution due to their high protein content and sustainable production. However, most research has focused on fast-growing poultry breeds, while the effects on native breeds, such as the Bianca di Saluzzo, are less explored.

Clinical characteristics of EGFR-ctDNA shedders in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients.

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) revolutionized the molecular diagnostics of lung cancer by enabling non-invasive, sensitive identification of actionable mutations. However, ctDNA analysis may be challenging due to tumor shedding variability, leading to false negative results. This study aims to understand the determinants for ctDNA shedding based on clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients, for a better interpretation of false negative results to be considered when ordering ctDNA analysis for clinical practice.

A service evaluation of the uptake and effectiveness of a digital delivery of the NHS health check service.

Objectives: To compare the uptake, effectiveness and costs of a digital version of the National Health Service (NHS) Health Check (DHC) to the standard face-to-face NHS Health Check (F2F).

Participants And Setting: A random sample of 9000 patients aged 40-74 eligible for an NHS Health Check in Southwark, England, between January and April 2023.

Intervention And Design: The DHC was an online tool with a health assessment section, an advice and support section, and a section on how to obtain and update follow-up physical measures (blood pressure, cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)).

Consumers' attitudes, perceptions and willingness to try hazelnut skins-fed beef.

Consumers are raising concerns over the ethical and social acceptability of feeding regimes used in animal-based food productions. However, the use of agro-industrial by-products, such as hazelnut skins as a strategy to reduce the environmental impact of livestock production may be negatively perceived from the consumer's perspective. Here, we investigated the factors predicting consumers' intentions to try meat obtained from cattle fed hazelnut skins.

Upgrading hazelnut skins: Green extraction of polyphenols from lab to semi-industrial scale.

Hazelnut skins (HS) are usually managed as waste; however, this by-product is a source of bioactive compounds, with potential applications in feed and food sectors. Phenolic compounds can be extracted using green protocols combining enabling technologies and green solvents. This work investigates subcritical water extraction (SWE) of bioactive compounds from HS.

Dietary processed former foodstuffs for broilers: impacts on growth performance, digestibility, hematobiochemical profiles and liver gene abundance.

Background: The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of commercially processed former foodstuffs (cFF) as dietary substitutes of corn, soybean meal and soybean oil on the growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), hematobiochemical profiles, and liver gene abundance in broiler chickens. Two hundred one-day-old male ROSS-308 chicks were assigned to 4 dietary groups (5 replicates of ten birds per replicate) according to their average body weight (BW, 38.0 ± 0.

Breaking down barriers: live or dehydrated dietary whole black soldier fly larvae supplementation in slow growing chickens preserve meat quality and sensory traits.

This study investigated the effects of supplementing the diet of a slow-growing autochthonous chicken breed with dehydrated or live Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) on meat quality and sensory attributes. The research, conducted at the University of Turin, Italy, involved 144 male birds distributed in three experimental groups. The control group (C) was fed a basal diet in which soybean meal was completely substituted with alternative ingredients.

State of the art of the cow-calf systems in beef and dairy cattle (Bos taurus) operations in EU, USA, and Brazil from 1998 to 2023.

Cow-calf systems represent a significant research area in animal husbandry, with differences depending on the final product (meat or milk). This study aimed to apply text mining and topic analysis on literature describing cow-calf systems in European, American, and Brazilian beef and dairy sectors between 1998 and 2023. Additionally, cow-calf contact (CCC) literature data was manually extracted.

Treatment of Ulcerative Lesions with Low-level Laser Therapy in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2.

Ulcerated lesions have been observed in SARS-CoV-2 patients and their treatment is a challenge. We aim to report the treatment of oral lesions with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a patient with SARS-CoV-2. The patient diagnosed with COVID-19 was admitted to the intensive care unit, on mechanical ventilation, and on a nasogastric tube diet that persisted due to oral lesions.

Machine learning-enabled forward prediction and inverse design of 4D-printed active plates.

Shape transformations of active composites (ACs) depend on the spatial distribution of constituent materials. Voxel-level complex material distributions can be encoded by 3D printing, offering enormous freedom for possible shape-change 4D-printed ACs. However, efficiently designing the material distribution to achieve desired 3D shape changes is significantly challenging yet greatly needed.

Dietary combination of linseed and hazelnut skin as a sustainable strategy to enrich lamb with health promoting fatty acids.

This study investigated the effect of the inclusion of extruded linseed and hazelnut skin on fatty acid (FA) metabolism in finishing lambs. Forty lambs were divided into 4 groups and fed for 60 d with: a conventional cereal-based diet, or the same diet with 8% of extruded linseed, or 15% of hazelnut skin, or 4% of linseed plus 7.5% of hazelnut skin as partial replacement of maize.

Comparison of a daily and alternate-day photobiomodulation protocol in the prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiochemotherapy for oral cancer: a triple-blind, controlled clinical trial.

Background: Preventive Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) significantly reduces oral mucositis (OM) severity in patients undergoing Radiochemotherapy (RCT) for the treatment of oral cancer, but daily applications generate cost, overload the dental team, and reduce the number of patients assisted.To evaluate the effectiveness of two PBMT protocols in preventing OM in patients undergoing RCT for oral cancer.

Material And Methods: 16 patients diagnosed with oral cancer undergoing RCT were included, equally divided into two groups: a group treated daily with PBMT, and another group also submitted to daily treatment, however, performing the application of PBMT every three days, interspersed with a simulation of PBMT (placebo).

Former foodstuffs in feed: a minireview of recent findings.

The sustainability of all productive activities, including livestock farming, becomes a fundamental challenge in the current scenario. Livestock production faces both old and new challenges related to climate change, food safety, and feed-food competition. The latter aspect has recently become a hot topic, and many researchers are turning their attention to this issue.

Integrating NHANES and toxicity forecaster data to compare pesticide exposure and bioactivity by farmwork history and US citizenship.

Background: Farmworkers in the United States, especially migrant workers, face unique barriers to healthcare and have documented disparities in health outcomes. Exposure to pesticides, especially those persistent in the environment, may contribute to these health disparities.

Objective: Quantify differences in pesticide exposure bioactivity by farmworker category and US citizenship status.

A Literature Review of Modeling Approaches Applied to Data Collected in Automatic Milking Systems.

Automatic milking systems (AMS) have played a pioneering role in the advancement of Precision Livestock Farming, revolutionizing the dairy farming industry on a global scale. This review specifically targets papers that focus on the use of modeling approaches within the context of AMS. We conducted a thorough review of 60 articles that specifically address the topics of cows' health, production, and behavior/management Machine Learning (ML) emerged as the most widely used method, being present in 63% of the studies, followed by statistical analysis (14%), fuzzy algorithms (9%), deterministic models (7%), and detection algorithms (7%).

Decomposition of green tea and rooibos tea across three monospecific temperate forests: Effect of litter type and tree species.

We studied the effect of different forest covers on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics of two standardised litters during decomposition in soil. For this purpose, commercially available bags containing green tea or rooibos tea were incubated in close monospecific stands of , , and , in the Apennines range, Italy, and then analysed at different intervals for up to two years. We also investigated the fate of various C functional groups in both types of litter under beech by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Study protocol for two pilot randomised controlled trials aimed at increasing physical activity using electrically assisted bicycles to enhance prostate or breast cancer survival.

Background: In 2020, 1.4 and 2.3 million new cases of prostate cancer and breast cancer respectively were diagnosed globally.

Effect of Dietary Organic Acids and Botanicals on Metabolic Status and Milk Parameters in Mid-Late Lactating Goats.

The microencapsulated mixture of organic acids and pure botanicals (OA/PB) has never been evaluated in goats. The aim of this study was to extend the analysis to mid-late lactating dairy goats, evaluating the effects of OA/PB supplementation on the metabolic status, milk bacteriological and composition characteristics, and milk yield. Eighty mid-late lactating Saanen goats were randomly assigned to two groups: one group was fed the basal total balanced ration (TMR) (CRT; = 40) and the other was fed a diet that was TMR supplemented with 10 g/head of OA/PB (TRT; = 40) for 54 days during the summer period.

Integrating NHANES and Toxicity Forecaster Data to Compare Pesticide Exposure and Bioactivity by Farmwork History and US Citizenship.

Introduction: Farmworkers in the United States, especially migrant workers, face unique barriers to healthcare and have documented disparities in health outcomes. Exposure to pesticides, especially those persistent in the environment, may contribute to these health disparities.

Methods: We queried the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) from 1999-2014 for pesticide exposure biomarker concentrations among farmworkers and non-farmworkers by citizenship status.

Black soldier fly larvae used for environmental enrichment purposes: Can they affect the growth, slaughter performance, and blood chemistry of medium-growing chickens?

Introduction: This research has been aimed at evaluating the effects of live black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) () on the growth, slaughtering performance, and blood parameters of medium-growing chickens.

Methods: A total of 240, 28-day-old, Label Rouge Naked Neck chickens were allotted to four experimental groups, according to the gender (males-females) and to the absence (control group, C) or presence (larvae group, L) of a dietary supplementation with 10% live BSFL, on the basis of the expected average daily feed intake (ADFI) (6 replicates/diet, 10 chickens/replicate). The birds were weighed weekly, and the feed consumption was recorded to calculate the average live weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), average daily gain (ADG), and the ADFI.

BRAF Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

RAF family proteins are serine-threonine kinases that play a central role in the MAPK pathway which is involved in embryogenesis, cell differentiation, cell proliferation and death. Deregulation of this pathway is found in up to 30% of all human cancers and BRAF mutations can be identified in 1.5-3.

Differential Associations of Total and Context-Specific Sedentary Time with Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents: Results from Ireland's CSPPA Study.

Background: Higher levels of sedentary behaviour (SB) and screen-time are associated with greater symptoms of depression in adolescents, but the effect of the type and context of SB and screen-time remains underexplored. As part of a nationally-representative observational study, the current cross-sectional study examined associations between SB, screen-time and depressive symptoms among 422 adolescents (13.5 ± 0.

Associations between screen-time, physical activity and depressive symptoms differ based on gender and screen-time mode.

Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are associated with positive and negative mental health outcomes among adolescents, respectively. Research is needed to determine the interrelationship between ST and PA with depressive symptoms and the influence of ST modes. This study examines the associations between ST and PA level with depressive symptoms among 1756 adolescents (15.