The effect of L. aqueous and methanolic extracts on insulin signaling in liver of HFD/STZ diabetic mice.

Objectives: Many studies have shown the anti-diabetic effects of medicinal plants. But their molecular mechanism has been less studied. Understanding of these mechanisms can help to better manage the treatment of diabetes by using these plants.

Oxidative stress in liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice fed a high-fat diet: A treatment role of L.

The aim of this study was the investigation of a treatment role of Artemisia annua L. (AA) on liver dysfunction and oxidative stress in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic (HFD/STZ) mice. Sixty mice were divided into 12 groups including control, untreated diabetic, and treated diabetic ones with metformin (250 mg/kg), and doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of water (hot and cold) and alcoholic (methanol) extracts of AA.

L. Extracts Improved Insulin Resistance via Changing Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin Production in HFD/STZ Diabetic Mice.

Objectives: Insulin resistance (IR) is major cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and adipokines (e.g., adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) play an important role in insulin sensitivity.

Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of L. improved insulin resistance via decreasing TNF-alpha, IL-6 and free fatty acids in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that influences many people worldwide. Management of insulin resistance in T2DM without side effects of chemical drugs, is the ultimate goal of the medical community. L.

Insulin within the Arcuate Nucleus Has Paradoxical Effects on Nociception in Healthy and Diabetic Rats.

Introduction: Broad neural circuits originate from the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and project to many parts of the brain which are related to pain perception. Insulin receptors are found in the arcuate nucleus. Since nociception may be affected in type 1 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the intra-arcuate nucleus insulin role in pain perception in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and healthy rats.

Early-life stress altered pancreatic Krebs cycle-related enzyme activities in response to young adulthood physical and psychological stress in male rat offspring.

Objectives: Early-life stress (ELS) increases the risk of metabolic disorders in later life. The present study investigated the ELS effect on pancreatic pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) protein level, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), and aconitase activities as metabolic enzymes in response to young adulthood stress in male rat offspring.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Control, early life stress (Early STR), young adult foot-shock stress (Y.

Early postnatal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and reduced insulin sensitivity in adult rats.

Objective: Early life stress influences the development of metabolic disorders, including functional changes in the developing of pancreas mediated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In the present study, the role of an early postnatal stress on corticosterone, glucose, and insulin levels was investigated during young adulthood.

Methods: Two groups of pups were studied, including control group (pups not receiving foot shock by communication box), and early stress group (pups receiving foot shock by communication box 2 times/day for 5 consecutive days).

Pancreatic HB9 protein level is affected by early life stress in young adult rats: possible involvement of TNF-α and corticosterone.

This study examined foot shock stress effects, during weaning, on pancreatic HB9 protein expression in young adult male rats in the presence or absence of adulthood stress. The pups were divided into Control, Early life stress, Young adult stress, and Early + young adult stress groups. Plasma corticosterone, insulin, glucose, and TNF-α concentrations, and pancreatic HB9 protein expression were assessed.

Maternal high-fat diet inversely affects insulin sensitivity in dams and young adult male rat offspring.

This study attempts to further clarify the potential effects of maternal high-fat (HF) diet on glucose homeostasis in dams and young adult male rat offspring. Female rats were divided into control (CON dams) and HF (HF dams) diet groups, which received the diet 4 weeks prior to and through pregnancy and lactation periods. Blood samples were taken to determine metabolic parameters, then an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed.

Effect of early life stress on pancreatic isolated islets' insulin secretion in young adult male rats subjected to chronic stress.

Early stressful experiences may predispose organisms to certain disorders, including those of metabolic defects. This study aimed to explore the effects of early life stress on pancreatic insulin secretion and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) protein levels in stressed young adult male rats. Foot shock stress was induced in early life (at 2 weeks of age) and/or in young adulthood (at 8-10 weeks of age) for five consecutive days.