Effect of long-term testosterone administration on the endometrium of female-to-male (FtM) transsexuals.

Introduction: Long term safety of testosterone (T) administration in women is still unknown. In particular few and discordant data exists on the effects of T on the endometrium.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term T treatment on endometrium histology and proliferation in female to male transsexual subjects (FtM).

Laparoscopic treatment of interstitial twin pregnancy.

Objective: To describe a conservative management by laparoscopy of an unusual interstitial twin pregnancy.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University hospital.

Outcome of conservatively treated microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix during a 10-year follow-up.

Unlabelled: To assess the rate, the cumulative proportion, and the predictors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2-3 (CIN 2-3) and invasive disease during the follow-up of patients conservatively treated for microinvasive (stage Ia1-2) squamous cell carcinoma (MIC) of the uterine cervix.

Methods: Two hundred thirty women (median age, 37 years; range, 20-69 years) conservatively treated for MIC were followed up for 10 years and analyzed for cumulative proportion of CIN 2-3/invasive disease. The multivariate survival analysis was used to assess the clinicopathological features predicting the development of CIN 2-3/SCC.

Cervical and hysteroscopic injection for identification of sentinel lymph node in endometrial cancer.

Objectives: The aims of our study were to evaluate the possibility of identifying the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC) and to directly compare two injection techniques, cervical and hysteroscopic injection.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with endometrial carcinoma, clinical stages I and II, were submitted to complete surgical staging through laparoscopy, as recommended by FIGO in 1988. For the mapping procedure the patients were divided into two groups of injection: the cervical injection group and hysteroscopic injection group.

Three-dimensional transvaginal sonography in local staging of cervical carcinoma: description of a novel technique and preliminary results.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of three-dimensional multiplanar sonography in the local staging of cervical carcinoma.

Methods: Between January 2005 and May 2006, 14 patients with invasive cervical carcinoma underwent transvaginal volume ultrasound examination prior to primary surgery. Parametrial invasion was evaluated in the coronal plane, while both bladder and rectal invasion were evaluated in the sagittal plane.

Is vestibular micropapillomatosis associated with human papillomavirus infection?

The aetiology and clinical significance of vulvar papillomatosis is still controversial. To verify the association of micropapillomatosis labialis with certain types of HPV-related lower genital tract infections, 25 patients with colposcopic aspects of vulvar papillomatosis were recruited and vulvar biopsies were obtained for histologic examination and in situ hybridization. Sixteen patients with vulvodynia, without any pathologic vulvar aspects, served as a control group.

AgNOR protein quantity of cervical smears correlates with that of histological sections in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

The quantitative distribution of AgNOR proteins has been determined by image cytometry in 52 cervical smears obtained from normal cervix (n = 20), grade I CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) (n = 3), grade II CIN (n = 5) and grade III CIN (n = 24). No significant difference was demonstrated in the mean AgNOR protein area values between normal cervix, CIN I and CIN II, while AgNOR protein scores of CIN III were significantly greater than those of normal cervix (p < 0.05).

Systemic interferon therapy for female florid genital condylomata.

A prospective randomized study comparing systemic interferon therapy with placebo in women with florid genital condylomata was carried out. A first group of 22 patients received alpha-interferon (Alfaferone: Alfa-Wassermann Bologna, Italy). 3 x 10(6) IU by i.

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV seropositive patients.

In order to assess the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in a high risk population, 32 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with no AIDS-related symptoms, underwent colposcopic, cytologic and histologic examinations of the uterine cervix. In seven cases (21.9%) cervical smears showed dysplasia and in nine cases (28.

[The role of prostaglandins in fertility. Experimental research].

Prevention of postoperative adhesion is an issue that continues to elude the abdominal and reproductive surgeon. Adhesions seem to be a result of an inflammatory process and it is well known that prostaglandins play an important role in such an event. In an attempt to improve the results of microsurgery, we have tried in this study to examine the effect of local intraperitoneal application of prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) on adhesion formation in the rat after traumatizing to the uterine horn.

[Tubo-ovarian transplantation in the treatment of sterility. Experimental research].

Microsurgical transposition of fallopian tube and ovary has the potential of being an efficient therapeutic treatment in patients with tubal sterility. The Authors present their experience of microsurgical adnexal transplantation in rabbit by two different techniques: the first procedure by microvascular anastomosis of the ovarian vessels, the second one without vascular pedicle. Function is evaluated at various time after grafting by: exploratory laparotomy on day 30 to establish whether circulation to the grafts was still maintained; macroscopic and microscopic examination of ovaries and fallopian tubes.

[Microsurgery and laser surgery in conservative operations on the ovary. Experimental research].

In this study we compared two different conservative surgery techniques performed on 12 ovaries of female rabbits: microsurgery and CO2 Laser surgery. After the surgical procedure all the animals were investigated by a Laparotomy to evaluate the post-operative adhesion formation. Histological examinations were performed on 6 ovaries, to evaluate the possible damage to the ovarian parenchyma.

[Experimental study of different techniques for partial resection of the ovary].

The effects of leaving the ovarian cortex open after wedge resection were studied in a rabbit model. Twelve animals were operated: in one ovary the ovarian cortex was reattached with microsurgical sutures and in the contralateral it was left to heal by secondary intention. No significant differences were observed in adhesion formation and tissue reactivity between the two techniques.

[Biological and synthetic prostheses in gynecologic microsurgery].

Biological prostheses of human umbilical vein and synthetic prostheses of ePTFE were comparatively studied in the microsurgical anastomosis of the uterine horns in twenty rats. Patency rate after 30 days was 60% for umbilical vein and 75% for the ePTFE prostheses. Gross and histological examination of umbilical vein graft specimens showed minimal alteration with a smooth intimal surface.

Evolution of the indications for cesarean section. Results of a retrospective study.

We have analysed in retrospect the incidence of cesarean section during the years 1977-1989 in the 1st Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic of the University of Bologna, and the development over time of the principal indications. The average incidence (17.1%) of cesarean section increased progressively from 9% in 1977 to 28% in 1989 with a peak at the beginning of the '80s (the period during which cardiotocographic monitoring became routinely used).

Immunosuppression and human genital papillomavirus infection.

A group of 39 patients who underwent iatrogenic immunosuppression for renal transplant were evaluated by means of colposcopic, cytologic, and histologic investigations. Evidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was found in 30.7%, more frequently in the cervix.

[Effects of ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis on fertility. Experimental study].

Fertility after ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis experimentally induced has been studied. The fertility rate in the animals with ovarian endometriosis was decreased of 40% and the same reduction was found in the animals with peritoneal endometriosis. Not only the direct effect from adhesion formation, but also changes in the peritoneal fluid or its constituents are proposed as causes of endometriosis-associated infertility.

Atypical picture of cervico-vaginal condylomatosis in a patient submitted to hepatic transplant. A case report.

A case is presented of diffused cervico-vaginal condylomata in a 32-year-old woman who had undergone hepatic transplant and successive immunosuppressive therapy, treated with DTC and beta IFN for topical use.

[Morpho-functional study of the rabbit ovary after cauterization].

The authors investigated the lower incidence of post-operative adhesion formation after cauterization in comparison with microsurgical wedge resection in rabbit ovaries. Microscopic examination of cauterized ovaries did not show extensive necrosis in the depth of ovarian tissue. Electrocautery seems to be an effective alternative to ovarian wedge resection.

[Use of prostheses made of ePTFE in anastomoses of the rat uterine horn].

ePTFE prostheses were used in the microsurgical anastomosis of the rat uterine horn. Handling characteristics of this synthetic material during the performance of anastomosis were tested. Patency rates, infections and local tissue reaction were evaluated after thirty and sixty days.