Is there a role for acromioclavicular (AC) joint capsular repair and reconstruction in high-grade AC separations? A systematic review.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and biomechanical evidence for the addition of acromioclavicular (AC) ligament repair and reconstruction in the surgical management of high-grade AC joint (ACJ) dislocation.

Methods: This is a systematic review of biomechanical and clinical studies that describe AC reconstructive or reparative techniques. The search ranged from 1946 to 2024 and included OVID, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library databases.

Pioneering Clinical Investigation: Beta Defensin Expression in Patients of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oral Cavity as a Forward-Looking Validation for Molecular Treatment.

Human defensins are peptides coded by certain genes released as a part of immune response that act differently to tumorigenic cells according to the class. A varied cellular response has been documented in the world literature concerning the role of defensins in the cancer cell lines, though the exact role in the internal human milieu and the role specific to head and neck cancers is still understudied. This study explores the possible role of Human Beta Defensin (HBD) 1 and 3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in disease progression and their potential as biomarkers/prognostic markers.

Refractory Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Renal Impairment: Is Surgery a Viable Option to Achieve a Biochemical Balance in Patients Failing Medical Management?

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication in chronic kidney disease patients, necessitating effective management to prevent adverse outcomes. This study evaluates the efficacy of surgical intervention in achieving biochemical balance in SHPT patients resistant to medical therapy. The study includes 36 patients with SHPT who underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy following failed medical management.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Obesity and Hypertension: A Study Among Young Adults in Delhi NCR, India.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder increasingly recognized as an adult health concern. It is linked to behavioral disinhibitions that are studied to be associated with mental and physical health adversities, including obesity and hypertension, due to potential common genetic and environmental underpinnings. These connections remain underexplored, particularly in the Indian context.

Spectrum of Brain Imaging with 3T MRI for Infants with History of Perinatal Hypoxia and their Comparison with 128 Slice NCCT Images.

Background: Neonates with a history of perinatal hypoxia often require meticulous neuroimaging to detect brain injuries promptly. This study investigates the utility of 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing neonates with perinatal hypoxia and compares it with the conventional 128-slice NCCT imaging modality.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, encompassing 67 cases over 1 year from October 2022 to October 2023.

Examining audience perceptions of sexist item songs: A contemporary analysis of bollywood.

Bollywood, better known as the Hindi cinema industry, is globally renowned for its entertainment, yet it grapples with a persistent issue - the prevalence of sexist item songs. These dance sequences often objectify female actors, but prevalent research has predominantly focused on their consequences rather than the reasons behind their continued creation and acceptance. The paper traces the historical evolution of item songs and their socio-cultural root causes responsible for production and distribution.

Systematic review of well-being interventions for minority healthcare workers.

Introduction: Healthcare workers' well-being is of utmost importance given persistent high rates of burnout, which also affects quality of care. Minority healthcare workers (MHCW) face unique challenges including structural racism and discrimination. There is limited data on interventions addressing the psychological well-being of MHCW.

Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 expression predicts glucose dependence and mitochondrial bioenergetics in cancer cells.

To investigate the effects of varying NAT1 activity in different cell-lines, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial fuel usage was quantified in a panel of human cell-lines. As NAT1 activity increased, mitochondrial reserve respiratory capacity increased while aerobic glycolysis decreased. In addition, phosphorylation of PDH-E1α in these cells limited their ability to use glucose as a primary fuel source.

Comparison of Hybrid Coronary Revascularization versus Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease in a real-world setting: in-hospital outcomes and medium-term follow-up.

Objectives: The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the in-hospital and medium-term outcomes of hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) in the real-world setting compared to conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: All patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (MV-CAD) who underwent conventional CABG and HCR in our institution between January 2018 to January 2021 were evaluated in terms of length of intensive care unit (ICU), in-hospital stay, repeat revascularization rates, bleeding, stroke, and in-hospital mortality. Clinical outcomes (mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events [MACCE]) were assessed at average follow up of 3.

An Integrated Platform Combining Immersive Virtual Reality and Physiological Sensors for Systematic and Individualized Assessment of Stress Response (bWell): Design and Implementation Study.

Background: Stress is a pervasive issue in modern society, manifesting in various forms such as emotional, physical, and work-related stress, each with distinct impacts on individuals and society. Traditional stress studies often rely on psychological, performance, or social tests; however, recently, immersive virtual reality (VR), which provides a sense of presence and natural interaction, offers the opportunity to simulate real-world tasks and stressors in controlled environments. Despite its potential, the use of VR to investigate the multifaceted manifestations of stress has not been thoroughly explored.

An injectable cyclodextrin extended polyurethane/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel for controlled release of insulin: In-vitro and in-vivo diabetic animal model study.

Diabetes is a persistent medical condition causing significant anguish for individuals and imposing substantial financial burdens on healthcare systems globally. The inability of human body to produce adequate insulin as a result of insulin resistance or β-cell loss upsets the glucose homeostasis, causing the blood glucose level to rise suddenly. Diabetic patients must get therapy to maintain their blood glucose levels within normal range, preferably through emulating normal insulin secretion, to reduce consequences such as organ deterioration.

Folate receptor-targeted and pH-tunable dextran modified geraniol-protein nano-scaffolds stir up oxidative assault and apoptotic killing of HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells.

Colorectal cancer, the second prime catastrophic cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, manifests resistance to standard chemotherapy leading to poor patient outcomes. Mono-terpenoid alcohol geraniol, a cardinal ingredient of many essential oils, is active against various cancers and can induce apoptotic events and trigger oxidative assault in striving against cancer. However, its clinical application is restricted due to its indigent bioavailability and non-specific biodistribution.

Cellulosomal AcXyn30B_12 from Acetivibrio clariflavus acts synergistically with AcGH30A upon the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates.

AcGH30A and AcXyn30B_12 are two of the most abundant enzymes in the cellulosome of the thermophilic anaerobe Acetivibrio clariflavus. Their surprising abundance within the glycolytic repertoire of this highly efficient microorganism, active in sewage sludge ecosystems, suggests a cooperative role in the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Here, we cloned, expressed and characterized the endo/exo-β-1,4-xylanase AcXyn30B_12, which has a molecular weight of ~74 kDa and displays optimal activity at pH 5.

Deep learning based coronary vessels segmentation in X-ray angiography using temporal information.

Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the gold standard imaging modality during cardiac interventions. Accurate segmentation of coronary vessels in ICA is required for aiding diagnosis and creating treatment plans. Current automated algorithms for vessel segmentation face task-specific challenges, including motion artifacts and unevenly distributed contrast, as well as the general challenge inherent to X-ray imaging, which is the presence of shadows from overlapping organs in the background.

Respiratory measurements, respiratory symptoms, and quality of life in ALS: results from the REVEALS study.

: Progressing respiratory weakness throughout the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is clinically associated with distressing symptoms, including dyspnea, orthopnea, and difficulty clearing secretions. Fatigue, poor sleep, and reduced quality of life are also considered to be associated with declining respiratory function. Respiratory measurements guide prescription of interventions, which aim to alleviate symptoms.

Whole-body integral dose and post-radiotherapy lymphocytopaenia in solid tumours.

Objective: Since modern radiotherapy techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) pivot on a strategy of dose redistribution, it may increase integral dose and consequently worsening of lymphocytopaenia. In this study, our objective was twofold: first to validate the correlation between integral body dose and post-treatment lymphocytopaenia in a cohort of patients treated with curative-intent radiotherapy and second to validate its prognostic impact.

Methods And Analysis: Patients treated with curative intent radiotherapy with complete blood counts were included in the study.

Drug-coated balloon in patients with in-stent restenosis: A prospective observational study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of paclitaxel-coated balloons (PCB) and sirolimus-coated balloons (SCB) in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR).

Methods: This prospective, observational, single-centre pilot study enrolled 85 patients diagnosed with drug-eluting stent ISR. For all the eligible patients, various clinical baseline characteristics were collected, and angiography was performed to evaluate the lesion characteristics.

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Obesity and Hypertension Among Young Adults in Delhi-NCR, India.

Objectives: Despite growing evidence linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with physical health conditions such as obesity and hypertension, research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including India, remains limited. This study aims to examine the relationship between ACE exposure and the risk of overweight/obesity and hypertension among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study involved 1702 young adults of both sexes.

Potentials of urban waste derived biochar in minimizing heavy metal bioavailability: A techno-economic review.

Contamination of heavy metals (HMs) in agroecosystem presented an additional dimension of complexity along with the adverse consequences of climate change for the scientific fraternity. The increasing population and urbanization on the other hand are regarded as the main sources of urban waste (UW). Holistic utilization of UW-derived biochar (BC) has shown potential to be utilized as a source of soil supplement in the agriculture sector, fulfilling several sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Thoracoabdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion: Real-world Experience and Outcomes of DCD Liver Transplantation.

Background: Donation after circulatory death liver transplantation (DCD LT) is underused given historical outcomes fraught with ischemic cholangiopathy (IC). We aimed to assess 6-mo IC in LT from DCD via normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) compared with DCD via static cold storage (SCS).

Methods: A retrospective review of adult Maastricht-III DCD liver donors and recipients at the University of Colorado Hospital from January 1, 2017, to August 27, 2024, was performed.

Dietary fibre counters the oncogenic potential of colibactin-producing Escherichia coli in colorectal cancer.

Diet, microbiome, inflammation and host genetics have been linked to colorectal cancer development; however, it is not clear whether and how these factors interact to promote carcinogenesis. Here we used Il10 mice colonized with bacteria previously associated with colorectal cancer: enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, Helicobacter hepaticus or colibactin-producing (polyketide synthase-positive (pks)) Escherichia coli and fed either a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet deficient in soluble fibre, a high-fat and high-sugar diet, or a normal chow diet. Colonic polyposis was increased in mice colonized with pks E.

Interaction of tautomers of doxorubicin with guanine-cytosine base pair: a density functional theory study.

Context: Anthracycline anticancer antibiotics from Streptomyces peucetius show high affinity for nucleobases. This study uses quantum mechanical density functional theory (DFT) to investigate interactions between doxorubicin (DOX) tautomers and the guanine-cytosine (GC) base pair. Intermolecular distances and interaction energies reveal structural relationships and stabilization.

Downregulation of SMAD2 and SMAD4 is associated with poor prognosis and shorter survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) presents a serious global health challenge, ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2) and SMAD4 play a significant role in various types of cancer.

Methods: This study performed relative mRNA expression level profiling of SMAD2 and SMAD4 using Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in tissue and blood of ESCC patients and analyzed their associations with numerous clinical and lifestyle parameters for evaluating prognostic significance along with survival and hazard outcomes.