Predicting blood loss volume in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock using arterial waveform machine learning analysis.

Objective: To determine if the compensatory reserve algorithm validated in humans can be applied to canines. Our secondary objective was to determine if a simpler waveform analysis could predict the percentage of blood loss volume.

Methods: 6 purpose-bred, anesthetized dogs underwent 5 rounds of controlled hemorrhage and resuscitation while continuously recording invasive arterial blood pressure waveforms in this prospective, experimental study.

Long-term Morbidity of Traumatic Brain Injury Following Facial Fracture.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is underreported in craniofacial trauma patients, and the long-term morbidity of TBI associated with craniofacial trauma is poorly defined. Current literature is limited in scope to TBI identification in the immediate posttrauma time frame.

Methods: A retrospective, cohort analysis of adult facial fracture patients presenting from February 2022 to February 2023 was performed.

The role of ATP-binding Cassette subfamily B member 6 in the inner ear.

ABCB6 has been implicated in dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria, a condition characterized by hyperpigmented and hypopigmented skin macules. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria can also present with hearing loss. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria-associated mutations in ABCB6 have been reported, but the role of this protein in the inner ear has not been studied.

State and National Estimates of the Cost of Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness and Lives Saved.

Importance: High emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness is associated with improved survival among children receiving emergency care, but state and national costs to reach high ED readiness and the resulting number of lives that may be saved are unknown.

Objective: To estimate the state and national annual costs of raising all EDs to high pediatric readiness and the resulting number of pediatric lives that may be saved each year.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used data from EDs in 50 US states and the District of Columbia from 2012 through 2022.

Sidestream dark field video microscopy demonstrates shelf-stable blood products preserve the endothelial glycocalyx in a canine hemorrhagic shock model.

Objective: To utilize sidestream dark field video microscopic technology to evaluate the endothelium in a canine hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation model.

Methods: 6 purpose-bred adult dogs were anesthetized, instrumented, and subjected to hemorrhagic shock from September 2021 through June 2022. Each dog was resuscitated with 5 resuscitation strategies in an experimental crossover design study: (1) lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solution; (2) canine chilled whole blood (CWB); (3) canine fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and packed RBCs (pRBC); (4) canine freeze-dried plasma (FDP) and hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC); or (5) HBOC/FDP and canine lyophilized platelets.

Rain Gardens and Rain Gauges: Students Get Hands on With Data While Evaluating Green Infrastructure at Their School.

Two modules were designed for high school science students to investigate the performance of a rain garden installed on school property. The rain garden, a green infrastructure system which allows soil infiltration, was installed to reduce impacts to urban streams and can increase the community's resilience to flooding. By involving students in the analysis of this mitigation strategy, students learned new technical skills, gained varied experiences in collecting and analyzing data, were exposed to new STEM careers, and learned about local issues that impact their community while collaborating with local professionals.

Thriving Together: a novel workshop to improve cohesion and class culture in medical school cohorts.

Thriving Together, a workshop for first year medical students, addresses crucial aspects of class culture early into medical school. Through small group discussions, this student-led event creates a safe space for open dialogue and self-reflection. Participants gain valuable insights into classmates' perspectives and how to foster communication, empathy, and improved class cultures.

Dicyandiamide Applications Mitigate the Destructive Effects of Graphene Oxide on Microbial Activity, Diversity, and Composition and Nitrous Oxide Emission in Agricultural Soil.

The widespread production and utilization of graphene oxide (GO) raise concerns about its environmental release and potential ecological impacts, particularly in agricultural soil. Effective nitrogen (N) management, especially through nitrification inhibitors like dicyandiamide (DCD), might mitigate the negative effects of GO exposure on soil microbes via N biostimulation. This study quantified changes in soil physicochemical properties, nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, microbial activity, biomass, and community after treatments with GO and DCD.

Microsurgical Resection of Trigeminal Schwannoma Through Transorbital Approach: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

We present the case of an asymptomatic 34-year-old woman who was found to have an incidental left trigeminal schwannoma.1,2 Owing to the rapid increase in size on imaging, an atypical finding for this type of lesion,3 as well as the risk of cranial nerve involvement and need for tissue diagnosis, the patient underwent a microsurgical left transorbital approach with lateral orbitotomy to resect the lesion.4,5 Piecemeal resection was performed, and the internal contents of the cavernous sinus were preserved.

Comparing the effects of various fluid resuscitative strategies on Glycocalyx damage in a canine hemorrhage model.

Hemorrhagic shock and subsequent resuscitation can cause significant dysregulation of critical systems, including the vascular endothelium. Following hemorrhage, the endothelial lining (glycocalyx) can shed, causing release of glycocalyx components, endothelial activation, and systemic inflammation. A canine model of hemorrhagic shock was used to evaluate five resuscitation fluids, including Lactated Ringers+Hetastarch, Whole Blood (WB), Fresh Frozen Plasma+packed Red Blood Cells (FFP+pRBC), and two hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) fluids, for their impact on glycocalyx shedding.

Breastfeeding and Neonatal Age Influence Neutrophil-Driven Ontogeny of Blood Cell Populations in the First Week of Human Life.

The first few days of life are characterized by rapid external and internal changes that require substantial immune system adaptations. Despite growing evidence of the impact of this period on lifelong immune health, this period remains largely uncharted. To identify factors that may impact the trajectory of immune development, we conducted stringently standardized, high-throughput phenotyping of peripheral white blood cell (WBC) populations from 796 newborns across two distinct cohorts (The Gambia, West Africa; Papua New Guinea, Melanesia) in the framework of a Human Immunology Project Consortium (HIPC) study.

Combined transcatheter vegetectomy and leadless pacemaker implantation for endocarditis and complete heart block.

We describe a case of culture-negative right-sided endocarditis for which simultaneous transcatheter vegetectomy was performed with leadless pacemaker implantation and removal of a temporary externalized pacing system. The patient did not have a recurrence of endocarditis highlighting the safety and efficacy of same-procedure vegetation removal and pacemaker implantation. This report documents a novel approach for the treatment of cardiac implantable electronic device-associated endocarditis in poor surgical candidates who are pacemaker-dependent.

Assessing the success of a research leadership programme for senior nurses and midwives: A mixed methods programme evaluation.

Aims: In 2018 the National Institute of Health and Care Research, United Kingdom, launched a 3-year Senior Nurse and Midwife Research Leader Programme to support nurse and midwifery research leaders to develop research capacity and capability within NHS organisations. We report the results of a service evaluation of the programme strengths, areas for improvement and achievement of programme aims.

Design: Partially mixed, concurrent mixed methods programme evaluation, including: (a) meeting evaluation (survey), (b) annual evaluation (survey) and (c) qualitative stakeholder interviews.

Psychological and functional outcomes of horizontal squint surgery in adults with no preoperative diplopia using Quality-of-Life AS-20 questionnaire.

Background: Corrective squint surgery has a significant psychological impact, affecting both the quality of life and mental health of patients. This study highlights the quantitative and subjective assessment of both the psychological and functional outcomes of squint surgery in adults having horizontal strabismus with no preoperative diplopia using a Quality-Of-Life Adult Strabismus 20 (QOL AS-20) questionnaire.

Method: The study is a retrospective cohort study on patients with uncomplicated, horizontal squint; with no vertical deviation and was conducted as part of a departmental clinical audit.

Multi-omic applications for understanding and enhancing tropical fruit flavour.

Consumer trends towards nutrient-rich foods are contributing to global increasing demand for tropical fruit. However, commercial cultivars in the breeding pipeline that are tailored to meet market demand are at risk of possessing reduced fruit flavour qualities. This stems from recurrent prioritised selection for superior agronomic traits and not fruit flavour, which may in turn reduce consumer satisfaction.

Investigation of F508del CFTR unfolding and a search for stabilizing small molecules.

Mutation of phenylalanine at position 508 in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (F508del CFTR) yields a protein unstable at physiological temperatures that is rapidly degraded in the cell. This mutation is present in about 90% of cystic fibrosis patients, hence there is great interest in compounds reversing its instability. We have previously reported the expression of the mutated protein at low temperature and its purification in detergent.

The hospital costs of high emergency department pediatric readiness.

Objective: We estimate annual hospital expenditures to achieve high emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness (HPR), that is, weighted Pediatric Readiness Score (wPRS) ≥ 88 (0-100 scale) across EDs with different pediatric volumes of children, overall and after accounting for current levels of readiness.

Methods: We calculated the annual hospital costs of HPR based on two components: (1) ED pediatric equipment and supplies and (2) labor costs required for a Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinator (PECC) to perform pediatric readiness tasks. Data sources to generate labor cost estimates included: 2021 national salary information from U.

Comparison of shelf-stable and conventional resuscitation products in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Treatment of severe hemorrhagic shock typically involves hemostatic resuscitation with blood products. However, logistical constraints often hamper the wide distribution of commonly used blood products like whole blood. Shelf-stable blood products and blood substitutes are poised to be able to effectively resuscitate individuals in hemorrhagic shock when more conventional blood products are not readily available.

Listening to life: Sonification for enhancing discovery in biological research.

Sonification, or the practice of generating sound from data, is a promising alternative or complement to data visualization for exploring research questions in the life sciences. Expressing or communicating data in the form of sound rather than graphs, tables, or renderings can provide a secondary information source for multitasking or remote monitoring purposes or make data accessible when visualizations cannot be used. While popular in astronomy, neuroscience, and geophysics as a technique for data exploration and communication, its potential in the biological and biotechnological sciences has not been fully explored.