Examining gender differentials in the association of low control work with cognitive performance in older workers.

Background: Limited workplace control, an important dimension of job strain, can reduce occupational opportunities for problem solving and learning. Women may have fewer professional resources to mitigate effects of low control, while conversely, gender-role norms may moderate the influence of occupational psychosocial risk factors. We therefore examined whether the links between control and cognitive function were similarly gendered.

"I Like the Idea of It…But Probably Wouldn't Use It" - Health Care Provider Perspectives on Heart Failure mHealth: Qualitative Study.

Background: Many mobile health (mHealth) technologies exist for patients with heart failure (HF). However, HF mhealth lacks evidence of efficacy, caregiver involvement, and clinically useful real-time data.

Objective: We aim to capture health care providers' perceived value of HF mHealth, particularly for pairing patient-caregiver-generated data with clinical intervention to inform the design of future HF mHealth.

Report from the 2018 consensus conference on immunomodulating agents in thoracic transplantation: Access, formulations, generics, therapeutic drug monitoring, and special populations.

In 2009, the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation recognized the importance and challenges surrounding generic drug immunosuppression. As experience with generics has expanded and comfort has increased, substantial issues have arisen since that time with other aspects of immunomodulation that have not been addressed, such as access to medicines, alternative immunosuppression formulations, additional generics, implications on therapeutic drug monitoring, and implications for special populations such as pediatrics and older adults. The aim of this consensus document is to address critically each of these concerns, expand on the challenges and barriers, and provide therapeutic considerations for practitioners who manage patients who need to undergo or have undergone cardiothoracic transplantation.

The single-leg vertical hop provides unique asymmetry information in individuals after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Traditional testing to identify asymmetries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction include four similar horizontal hopping tests. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a single-leg vertical hopping test can identify performance and biomechanical asymmetries, and whether performance asymmetries provide unique information compared to traditional tests.

Methods: Twelve women with history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [age: 21.

A Pilot Study and Ecological Model of Smoking Cues to Inform Mobile Health Strategies for Quitting Among Low-Income Smokers.

One crucial factor that leads to disparities in smoking cessation between groups with higher and lower socioeconomic status is more prevalent socioenvironmental smoking cues in low-income communities. Little is known about how these cues influence socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers in real-world scenarios and how to design interventions, especially mobile phone-based interventions, to counteract the impacts of various types of smoking cues. We interviewed 15 current smokers living in low-income communities and scanned their neighborhoods to explore smoking-related experiences and identify multilevel cues that may trigger them to smoke.

Candidate Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Binary Black Hole Merger Gravitational-Wave Event S190521g.

We report the first plausible optical electromagnetic counterpart to a (candidate) binary black hole merger. Detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility, the electromagnetic flare is consistent with expectations for a kicked binary black hole merger in the accretion disk of an active galactic nucleus [B. McKernan, K.

Accuracy and Reliability of Commercial Wrist-Worn Pulse Oximeter During Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure Under Resting Conditions.

: The present study analyzed peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SO) and heart rate (HR) measurements taken on the Garmin fēnix® 5X Plus watch, comparing them to measurements taken on a standard medical-grade pulse oximeter during normobaric hypoxia exposure under resting conditions. : Thirteen women (mean ± SD: Age 20 ± 1 years, height 165 ± 5 cm, mass, 67 ± 9 kg) and ten men (mean ± SD: Age 21 ± 3 years, height 177 ± 6 cm, mass 78 ± 11 kg) sat inside a customized environmental chamber while the fraction of inspired oxygen (FO) was adjusted to simulate altitudes of 12,000; 10,000; 8,000; 6,000; and 900 ft. The novel commercial device (Garmin fēnix®) and a medical-grade pulse oximeter (Nonin® 7500) were used to measure SO and HR in triplicate at each simulated altitude.

Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in New York City's Public Hospital System.

Background New York City (NYC) has borne the greatest burden of COVID-19 in the United States, but information about characteristics and outcomes of racially/ethnically diverse individuals tested and hospitalized for COVID-19 remains limited. In this case series, we describe characteristics and outcomes of patients tested for and hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City's public hospital system. Methods We reviewed the electronic health records of all patients who received a SARS-CoV-2 test between March 5 and April 9, 2020, with follow up through April 16, 2020.

Health and financial burden of adverse childhood experiences in England and Wales: a combined primary data study of five surveys.

Objective: To estimate the health and financial burden of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in England and Wales.

Design: The study combined data from five randomly stratified cross-sectional ACE studies. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated for major health risks and causes of ill health and applied to disability adjusted life years (DALYs), with financial costs estimated using a modified human capital method.

Perceptions of Patient Portal Use for Advance Directive Documentation among Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions.

Patient portals can play an innovative role in facilitating advanced care planning (ACP) and documenting advance directives (ADs) among older adults with multiple chronic conditions. The objective of this qualitative sub-study was to (1) understand older adults' use of an ACP patient portal section and (2) obtain user-design input on AD documentation features. Although some older adults may be reluctant, participants reported likely to use a portal for ADs with proper portal design and support.

Effects of maturation on knee biomechanics during cutting and landing in young female soccer players.

Young female soccer players are at high risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury due to the fast-paced nature of the sport and surplus of unplanned movements during play. Neuromuscular training programs that aim to reduce this injury by targeting the associated biomechanical movements are a potential solution. While previous studies have examined the lack of dynamic knee control during landing, there are few that outline the role that maturation can play during unanticipated cutting.

A simple method for determining compound affinity and chemical yield from DNA-encoded library selections.

DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) can contain billions of unique chemical species; selecting against such large inputs, it is typical to find more candidate binders than is reasonable to pursue for follow-up synthesis and testing. Given this wealth of choices, common practice is to limit synthesis to only those compounds estimated to have the greatest chance of being high-affinity binders; of the many potential factors contributing to this estimation, the strength of the selection signal of a candidate binder is always important. We define here methods and equations which relate the theoretical selection signal of a compound to its affinity and chemical yield.

Health care providers' perceptions of factors that influence the provision of acute stroke care in urban and rural settings: A qualitative study.

Objectives: Individuals living in rural areas have comparatively less access to acute stroke care than their urban counterparts. Understanding the local barriers and facilitators to the use of current best practice for acute stroke may inform efforts to reduce this disparity.

Methods: A qualitative study featuring semi-structured interviews and focus groups was conducted in the Australian state of Tasmania.

A pilot study assessing the addition of a Quit and Win program to pharmacist-led intensive smoking cessation therapy in a predominantly underserved, minority population.

Introduction: Quit and Win programs (Q&W) have been shown to improve smoking cessation rates by offering potential rewards to encourage smoking cessation. However, few studies have combined Q&W with intensive smoking cessation programs including behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy, or studied Q&W in underserved, minority populations. This study was conducted to assess the impact on smoking cessation rates of adding a Q&W to intensive smoking cessation therapy in a largely underserved, minority population.

Methods of Identifying Limb Dominance in Adolescent Female Basketball Players: Implications for Clinical and Biomechanical Research.

Objective: To identify relationships between self-reported limb preferences and performance measures for determining limb dominance in adolescent female basketball players.

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.

Participants: Forty adolescent female basketball players.

Public acceptability of public health policy to improve population health: A population-based survey.

Background: For public health policies to be effective, it is critical that they are acceptable to the public as acceptance levels impact success rate.

Objective: To explore public acceptance of public health statements and examine differences in acceptability across socio-demographics, health behaviours (physical activity, diet, binge drinking and smoking), health status and well-being.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample (N = 1001) using a random stratified sampling method.

Sleep habits of intermediate-aged students: roles for the students, parents and educators.

Aim: Obtain an overview of the current sleep habits and sleep hygiene practices in a group of intermediate-aged students, and establish whether these students achieve adequate sleep according to the New Zealand education and health guidelines.

Methods: A standardised sleep health questionnaire and seven-day sleep diary were completed by 163 participants (aged 11-13; 62% female) from a cross-section of five Christchurch schools.

Results: In this group, 71% of students reported 9-11 hours of sleep per night (averaged over seven days).

MicroRNA-24-3p Targets Notch and Other Vascular Morphogens to Regulate Post-ischemic Microvascular Responses in Limb Muscles.

MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate complex processes, including angiogenesis, by targeting multiple mRNAs. miR-24-3p-3p directly represses eNOS, GATA2, and PAK4 in endothelial cells (ECs), thus inhibiting angiogenesis during development and in the infarcted heart. miR-24-3p is widely expressed in cardiovascular cells, suggesting that it could additionally regulate angiogenesis by acting on vascular mural cells.

Quantitative proteomics to study aging in rabbit liver.

Aging globally effects cellular and organismal metabolism across a range of mammalian species, including humans and rabbits. Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus are an attractive model system of aging due to their genetic similarity with humans and their short lifespans. This model can be used to understand metabolic changes in aging especially in major organs such as liver where we detected pronounced variations in fat metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein degradation.

NOX4 Inhibition Potentiates Immunotherapy by Overcoming Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Mediated CD8 T-cell Exclusion from Tumors.

Determining mechanisms of resistance to αPD-1/PD-L1 immune-checkpoint immunotherapy is key to developing new treatment strategies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have many tumor-promoting functions and promote immune evasion through multiple mechanisms, but as yet, no CAF-specific inhibitors are clinically available. Here we generated CAF-rich murine tumor models (TC1, MC38, and 4T1) to investigate how CAFs influence the immune microenvironment and affect response to different immunotherapy modalities [anticancer vaccination, TC1 (HPV E7 DNA vaccine), αPD-1, and MC38] and found that CAFs broadly suppressed response by specifically excluding CD8 T cells from tumors (not CD4 T cells or macrophages); CD8 T-cell exclusion was similarly present in CAF-rich human tumors.