Development of land use regression, dispersion, and hybrid models for prediction of outdoor air pollution exposure in Barcelona.

Background: Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for health. Assessing outdoor air pollution exposure with detailed spatial and temporal variability in urban areas is crucial for evaluating its health effects.

Aim: We developed and compared Land Use Regression (LUR), dispersion (DM), and hybrid (HM) models to estimate outdoor concentrations for NO, PM, black carbon (BC), and PM (Fe, Cu, Zn) in Barcelona.

Lifestyle differences between co-twins are associated with decreased similarity in their internal and external exposome profiles.

Whether differences in lifestyle between co-twins are reflected in differences in their internal or external exposome profiles remains largely underexplored. We therefore investigated whether within-pair differences in lifestyle were associated with within-pair differences in exposome profiles across four domains: the external exposome, proteome, metabolome and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). For each domain, we assessed the similarity of co-twin profiles using Gaussian similarities in up to 257 young adult same-sex twin pairs (54% monozygotic).

Urban environment in pregnancy and postpartum depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 12 European birth cohorts.

Background: Urban environmental exposures associate with adult depression, but it is unclear whether they are associated to postpartum depression (PPD).

Objectives: We investigated associations between urban environment exposures during pregnancy and PPD.

Methods: We included women with singleton deliveries to liveborn children from 12 European birth cohorts (N with minimum one exposure = 30,772, analysis N range 17,686-30,716 depending on exposure; representing 26-46 % of the 66,825 eligible women).

Short-term effects of air pollution and weather on physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Introduction: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accumulate low levels of physical activity. How environmental factors affect their physical activity in the short-term is uncertain.

Aim: to assess the short-term effects of air pollution and weather on physical activity levels in COPD patients.

Association between residential exposure to road traffic noise and cognitive and motor function outcomes in children and preadolescents.

Background: Exposure to environmental noise is increasing in recent years but most of the previous literature in children has evaluated the effect of aircraft noise exposure at schools on cognition.

Objective: To assess whether residential exposure to road traffic noise during pregnancy and childhood is associated with cognitive and motor function in children and preadolescents.

Methods: The study involved 619 participants from the Spanish INMA-Sabadell cohort and 7,115 from the Dutch Generation R Study.

Lifestyle differences between co-twins are associated with decreased similarity in their internal and external exposome profiles.

Whether differences in lifestyle between co-twins are reflected in differences in their internal or external exposome profiles remains largely underexplored. We therefore investigated whether within-pair differences in lifestyle were associated with within-pair differences in exposome profiles across four domains: the external exposome, proteome, metabolome and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). For each domain, we assessed the similarity of co-twin profiles using Gaussian similarities in up to 257 young adult same-sex twin pairs (54% monozygotic).

Adopting a child perspective for exposome research on mental health and cognitive development - Conceptualisation and opportunities.

Mental disorders among children and adolescents pose a significant global challenge. The exposome framework covering the totality of internal, social and physical exposures over a lifetime provides opportunities to better understand the causes of and processes related to mental health, and cognitive functioning. The paper presents a conceptual framework on exposome, mental health, and cognitive development in children and adolescents, with potential mediating pathways, providing a possibility for interventions along the life course.

Protective effect of restorative possibilities on cognitive function and mental health in children and adolescents: A scoping review including the role of physical activity.

Background The exposome approach can be a powerful tool for understanding the intertwining of social, physical, and internal influences that shape mental health and cognitive development throughout childhood. To distil conceptual models for subsequent analyses, the EU-funded project Early Environmental quality and Life-course mental health effects (Equal-Life) has conducted literature reviews on potential mediators linking the exposome to these outcomes. We report on a scoping review and a conceptual model of the role of restorative possibilities and physical activity.

Long-term exposure to air pollution and severe COVID-19 in Catalonia: a population-based cohort study.

The association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and severe COVID-19 is uncertain. We followed 4,660,502 adults from the general population in 2020 in Catalonia, Spain. Cox proportional models were fit to evaluate the association between annual averages of PM, NO, BC, and O at each participant's residential address and severe COVID-19.

The Interaction between Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammatory Cytokines in Predicting Human Mental Health Issue Risk in Adolescents: An Explorative Study.

Adolescence is often a challenging time in which psychiatric issues have a strong connection to mental health disorders later in life. The early identification of the problems can reduce the burden of disease. To date, the effective identification of adolescents at risk of developing mental health problems remains understudied.

The effects of exposure to road traffic noise at school on central auditory pathway functional connectivity.

As the world becomes more urbanized, more people become exposed to traffic and the risks associated with a higher exposure to road traffic noise increase. Excessive exposure to environmental noise could potentially interfere with functional maturation of the auditory brain in developing individuals. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between exposure to annual average road traffic noise (LAeq) in schools and functional connectivity of key elements of the central auditory pathway in schoolchildren.

Outdoor residential noise exposure and sleep in preadolescents from two European birth cohorts.

Objective: To examine whether outdoor residential exposure to annual average road traffic and multiple (i.e., road traffic, railway, aircraft, industry) noise levels is related with preadolescents' sleep using maternal-reported and wrist-actigraphy data in two European birth cohorts.

Exposure to natural environments during pregnancy and birth outcomes in 11 European birth cohorts.

Research suggests that maternal exposure to natural environments (i.e., green and blue spaces) promotes healthy fetal growth.

Associations of residential greenspace exposure and fetal growth across four areas in Spain.

An accumulating body of evidence has associated exposure to greenspace with improved birth outcomes, including higher birth weight and lower risk of low birth weight; however, evidence on such association with in-utero fetal growth is scarce. We explored the influence of maternal exposure to residential greenspace and fetal growth in four INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente) Spanish birth cohorts (2003-2008), with 2,465 participants. Residential greenspace was characterised by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average across 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m buffers around the residence.

Urban environment and physical activity and capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Physical activity and exercise capacity are key prognostic factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but their environmental determinants are unknown.

Objectives: To test the association between urban environment and objective physical activity, physical activity experience and exercise capacity in COPD.

Methods: We studied 404 patients with mild-to-very severe COPD from a multi-city study in Catalonia, Spain.

A study on exposure to greenspace during pregnancy and lipid profile in cord blood samples.

Although evidence reporting the beneficial associations of prenatal greenspace exposure with pregnancy outcomes is increasing, there is still a lack of evidence on the potential association of such exposure to greenspace on fetal lipid profile. We aimed to first-time investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to greenspace and lipid levels in the cord blood. The present study was based on data from 150 expectant mothers, residents of Sabzevar city in Iran (2018).

The Potential of Sewage Sludge to Predict and Evaluate the Human Chemical Exposome.

Chemicals are part of our daily lives, and we are exposed to numerous chemicals through multiple pathways. Relevant scientific evidence contributing to the regulation of hazardous chemicals require a holistic approach to assess simultaneous exposure to multiple compounds. Biomonitoring provides an accurate estimation of exposure to chemicals through very complex and costly sampling campaigns.

Mental health and COVID-19 in a general population cohort in Spain (COVICAT study).

Purpose: Mental health conditions may affect outcome of COVID-19 disease, while exposure to stressors during the pandemic may impact mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine these factors in relation to ocurrence of depression and anxiety after the first outbreak in Spain.

Methods: We contacted 9515 participants from a population-based cohort study in Catalonia between May and October 2020.

Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood, and functional brain connectivity in preadolescents.

Background: The amount of people affected by traffic-related air pollution and noise is continuously increasing, but limited research has been conducted on the association between these environmental exposures and functional brain connectivity in children.

Objective: This exploratory study aimed to analyze the associations between the exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood, and functional brain connectivity amongst a wide-swath of brain areas in preadolescents from 9 to 12 years of age.

Methods: We used data of 2,197 children from the Generation R Study.