Clinical Updates on the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Introduction: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a known sequela after acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is a debilitating disease, and potentially fatal if left untreated. This review provides a clinically relevant overview of the disease and discusses the usefulness and limitations of the various investigational and treatment options.

A practical and adaptive approach to lung cancer screening: a review of international evidence and position on CT lung cancer screening in the Singaporean population by the College of Radiologists Singapore.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death around the world, being the top cause of cancer-related deaths among men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Singapore. Currently, no screening programme for lung cancer exists in Singapore. Since there is mounting evidence indicating a different epidemiology of lung cancer in Asian countries, including Singapore, compared to the rest of the world, a unique and adaptive approach must be taken for a screening programme to be successful at reducing mortality while maintaining cost-effectiveness and a favourable risk-benefit ratio.

Prospective study to determine early hypertrophy of the contra-lateral liver lobe after unilobar, Yttrium-90, selective internal radiation therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Liver resection is a major curative option in patients presenting with hepatocellular carcinoma. An inadequate functional liver remnant is a major limiting factor precluding liver resection. In recent years, hypertrophy of the functional liver remnant after selective internal radiation therapy hypertrophy has been observed, but the degree of hypertrophy in the early postselective internal radiation therapy period has not been well studied.

Pictorial essay: Uncommon causes of coronary artery encasement.

This pictorial essay presents cases of non-atherosclerotic coronary artery encasement which were encountered in our institution, including malignant lymphoma, Erdheim-Chester disease, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease and Polyarteritis Nodosa. These conditions usually have multisystemic involvement which aid in the diagnosis. Awareness of these uncommon disorders and their ancillary findings can facilitate early, accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Castleman's disease of the kidney: Sonographic findings.

We report a case of rare Castleman's disease of the kidney that mimicked a renal neoplasm with emphasis on the imaging and histologic findings. A 47-year-old man presented with dyspeptic symptoms. Ultrasound revealed a vascular, heterogeneous mass in the left kidney.

Underlying liver disease influences volumetric changes in the spared hemiliver after selective internal radiation therapy with 90Y in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: Hypertrophy of the contralateral liver lobe after treatment with yttrium-90 ((90)Y) microspheres has recently been reported. This study aimed to quantify left hepatic lobe hypertrophy after right-sided radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify pretreatment predictive factors of hypertrophy in an Asian population.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with inoperable HCC undergoing selective internal radiation treatment (SIRT) with (90)Y microspheres at a single institution from January 2008 to January 2012 was performed.

Diagnosis of anomalous origin and course of coronary arteries using non-contrast cardiac CT scan and detection features.

Background: Anomalous origin and course of coronary arteries (AOCA) is a potential cause of sudden cardiac death. Coronary CT angiography (coronary CTA) enables detailed 3-dimensional visualization of AOCA. Data are limited about the diagnostic performance of noncontrast cardiac CT obtained during coronary calcium scan for detecting AOCA.

Galactomannan-guided preemptive vs. empirical antifungals in the persistently febrile neutropenic patient: a prospective randomized study.

Background: Patients with neutropenic fever after 4-7 days of broad-spectrum antibiotics are given antifungals empirically. This strategy may lead to over-treatment.

Methods: Patients with hematological malignancies undergoing intensive chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were randomized to two arms.

CT in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Objective: Foreign body perforation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has diverse clinical manifestations, and the correct preoperative diagnosis is seldom made. We report our experience with the use of CT in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the GI tract in seven patients. To our knowledge, this series is the largest to date addressing the role of CT in the diagnosis of fish bone perforation.