Improving protein hydrolysis and digestibility in biomass through recombinant peptidases (EC 3.4): Opportunities for monogastric animal diets.

This study investigates the use of recombinant peptidases (EC 3.4) to improve protein hydrolysis and digestibility in , with a focus on addressing the challenge of reduced protein bioavailability for monogastric animals due to resistant protein-pigment formations, such as phycocyanin, and increased digesta viscosity caused by jellification properties. A library of 192 peptidases was generated, from which 142 soluble peptidases were expressed in and subsequently screened for activity against an suspension .

Optic neuritis in demyelinating diseases: study of 38 cases.

Background:  Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve caused by genetic factors, external influences, and the activation of cross-reactive immune responses to infections.

Objective:  To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients presenting optic neuritis as the initial symptom of some demyelinating diseases, divided among multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG)-associated disorders (MOGADs).

Methods:  Thirty-eight patients who had optic neuritis as their first symptom and later developed MS, NMOSD, or MOGADs were analyzed.

Dense plasma opacity from excited states method.

The self-consistent inclusion of plasma effects in opacity calculations is a significant modeling challenge. As density increases, such effects can no longer be treated perturbatively. Building on a a recently published model that addresses this challenge, we calculate opacities of oxygen at solar interior conditions.

A spectroscopic analysis code for spatially resolved x-ray absorption data from the COAX platform.

Sophisticated tools such as computer vision techniques in combination with 1D lineout type analyses have been used in automating the analysis of spectral data for high energy density (HED) plasmas. Standardized automation can solve the problems posed by the complexity of HED spectra and the quantity of data. We present a spectroscopic code written for automated and streamlined analysis of spatially resolved x-ray absorption data from the COAX platform on Omega-60.

Outcomes and associated factors of open abdomen after urgent laparotomy at a University Hospital in Southern Brazil: a retrospective study.

Introduction: The technique of open abdomen refers to a surgical procedure that intentionally involves leaving an opening in the abdominal wall. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, mortality, and morbidity of patients undergoing open abdomen in a public hospital in Brazil and investigate associated risk factors associated with the outcome.

Methods: Data from electronic medical records were collected from 2017 to 2022.

Predicting excitation energies in warm and hot dense matter.

In a dense plasma environment, the energy levels of an ion shift relative to the isolated ion values. This shift is reflected in the optical spectrum of the plasma and can be measured in, for example, emission experiments. In this work we use a recently developed method of modeling electronic states in warm dense matter to predict these level energies.

Development of improved higher-order correction for the NIF opacity spectrometer.

X-ray opacity measurements on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are in the process of reproducing earlier measurements from the Sandia Z Facility, in particular for oxygen and iron plasmas. These measurements have the potential to revise our understanding of the "solar problem" and of the hot degenerate Q class white dwarf structure by probing plasma conditions near the base of their convection zones. Accurate opacity measurements using soft x-ray Bragg crystal spectrometers require correction for higher-order diffraction effects.

Efficacy and safety of Butantan-DV in participants aged 2-59 years through an extended follow-up: results from a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3, multicentre trial in Brazil.

Background: A single-dose dengue vaccine that protects individuals across a wide age range and regardless of dengue serostatus is an unmet need. We assessed the safety and efficacy of the live, attenuated, tetravalent Butantan-dengue vaccine (Butantan-DV) in adults, adolescents, and children. We previously reported the primary and secondary efficacy and safety endpoints in the initial 2 years of follow-up.

Epidemiological profile of malaria in a rural community in the Amazon, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, 2011.

Background: More than 95% of malaria transmission in Brazil occurs in the Legal Amazon Region, which in 2010 recorded around 333,429 cases reported in the Epidemiological Surveillance Information System-Malaria (Sivep_malaria), presenting an annual parasitic incidence (IPA) of 13.1 cases/1000 inhabitants.

Methods: This was a descriptive study that measured the community prevalence of Plasmodium infection and its relationship with land use in Três Fronteiras District, Colniza Municipality, Mato Grosso State.

Natural genetic diversity of the DBL domain of a novel member of the Plasmodium vivax erythrocyte binding-like proteins (EBP2) in the Amazon rainforest.

In malaria parasites, the erythrocyte binding-like proteins (EBL) are a family of invasion proteins that are attractive vaccine targets. In the case of Plasmodium vivax, the widespread malaria parasite, blood-stage vaccines have been largely focused on a single EBL candidate, the Duffy binding-like domain (DBL) of the Duffy binding protein (DBPII), due to its well-characterized role in the reticulocyte invasion. A novel P.

Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) low-expression variants and increased risk of Plasmodium vivax malaria relapses.

Objectives: Primaquine is essential for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria and must be metabolized into its bioactive metabolites. Accordingly, polymorphisms in primaquine-metabolizing enzymes can impact the treatment efficacy. This pioneering study explores the influence of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) on primaquine metabolism and its impact on malaria relapses.

A novel thermophilic recombinant obligate xylobiohydrolase (AcGH30A) from Acetivibrio clariflavus orchestrates the deconstruction of xylan polysaccharides.

GH30 xylobiohydrolases, an expanding enzyme category, need deeper insights for optimal use. The primary aim of this study was to characterize a new xylobiohydrolase, AcGH30A of GH30 family from Acetivibrio clariflavus. The gene encoding AcGH30A was cloned using pET28a(+) vector and expressed in E.

Investigating the Yanomami malaria outbreak puzzle: surge in mining during Bolsonaro's government triggered peak in malaria burden.

The Yanomami, an Indigenous people from the Amazon, confront multifaceted challenges endangering their health and cultural integrity. Of immediate concern is the surge in malaria cases in their territory during Bolsonaro's government. We investigated the impact of land use on malaria incidence among the Yanomami leveraging satellite imagery and ran difference-in-differences analyses to ask whether the Yanomami suffered disproportionately from malaria when illegal mining was rising in the region (2016-2022).

Open or closed abdomen post laparotomy to control severe abdominal sepsis: a survival analysis.

Introduction: severe abdominal sepsis, accompained by diffuse peritonitis, poses a significant challenge for most surgeons. It often requires repetitive surgical interventions, leading to complications and resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. The open abdomen technique, facilitated by applying a negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), reduces the duration of the initial surgical procedure, minimizes the accumulation of secretions and inflammatory mediators in the abdominal cavity and lowers the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome and its associated complications.

Excited states in warm and hot dense matter.

Accurate modeling of warm and hot dense matter is challenging in part due to the multitude of excited states that must be considered. Here, we present a variational framework that models these excited states. In this framework an excited state is defined by a set of effective one-electron occupation factors, and the corresponding energy is defined by the effective one-body energy with an exchange and correlation term.

Pulmonary abscess with atypical topography - computed tomography assessment before and after treatment.

Introduction: We present a clinical case of a patient with neurological sequelae, dementia, gastrostomy and tracheostomy with a metal canula, who developed a lung abscess in an atypical topography, in the anterior segment of the left upper lobe, being attended to in the emergency department.

Case Presentation: A 79-year-old man who was bedridden and with neurological sequelae resulting from a hemorrhagic stroke, with gastrostomy and tracheostomy with a metal canula, was attended for daily fever and increased secretion trough the canula, and a diagnosis of bronchoaspiration pneumonia was made. The chest X-ray was unremarkable with an evaluation impaired by the patient's posture.

Live, Attenuated, Tetravalent Butantan-Dengue Vaccine in Children and Adults.

Background: Butantan-Dengue Vaccine (Butantan-DV) is an investigational, single-dose, live, attenuated, tetravalent vaccine against dengue disease, but data on its overall efficacy are needed.

Methods: In an ongoing phase 3, double-blind trial in Brazil, we randomly assigned participants to receive Butantan-DV or placebo, with stratification according to age (2 to 6 years, 7 to 17 years, and 18 to 59 years); 5 years of follow-up is planned. The objectives of the trial were to evaluate overall vaccine efficacy against symptomatic, virologically confirmed dengue of any serotype occurring more than 28 days after vaccination (the primary efficacy end point), regardless of serostatus at baseline, and to describe safety up to day 21 (the primary safety end point).

Factors Associated with Overt Stroke in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with a high occurrence of complications due to vaso-occlusive phenomenon such as stroke. This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 120 children and adolescents with SCD and analyze the factors associated with overt stroke incidence. All relevant data were obtained from patient medical records.

Reference intervals for serum immunoglobulins G, M and E levels in Brazilian children aged 1 to 10 years: a population-based study.

Objective: To determine the reference intervals (RI) for serum levels of IgG, IgM, and IgE in healthy children aged 1-10 years living in central Brazil.

Method: A sample of 1743 healthy children was randomly selected from kindergartens and public schools. Reference intervals were defined by non-parametric rank (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute, USA), bootstrapping, and Horn's robust methods.

Application of a physiotherapeutic protocol associated with photobiomodulation for the treatment of leprosy patients.

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease characterized by acute inflammatory episodes that affect the skin and peripheral nerves and can develop progressive and irreversible disabilities and deformities. In addition, drug therapy and physiotherapy offer resources and techniques capable of mitigating the consequences of neural lesions, but neural lesions can occur before, during, and even after drug treatment. Thus, new treatments are needed.

Spatial distribution of mortality from colorectal cancer in the southern region of Brazil.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide. In Brazil, it is the second most frequent cancer in men and women, with a mortality reaching 9.4% of those diagnosed.

Reference intervals for serum TSH concentrations of healthy children from the Central Region of Brazil.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration reference intervals (RIs) of healthy children aged 1 to 10 years of both sexes, living in the Central Region of Brazil.

Subjects And Methods: 1,735 children [869 (50.1%) female; 866 (49.