Publications by authors named "Fonseca-Moutinho J"

Objectives: To identify areas with high rates of high-risk Papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection and associated contextual factors in the Centre Region of Portugal at the municipality level.

Study Design: We conducted an ecological study in 78 municipalities located in the Central Region of Portugal from March 2019 to December 2022.

Methods: We used data from the cervical cancer screening (CCS) program database after switching to primary HPV testing.

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Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV), a leading cause of cervical cancer, is present in most cases of the disease and ranks as the fourth most common cancer in women globally. Among the HPV types, fourteen (HPV 16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68) are recognized as high-risk (hrHPV), each with varying levels of oncogenic potential. Detecting and genotyping these hrHPV types in cervical lesions is crucial, requiring the development of new diagnostic methods.

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Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths for women. Long-term estrogen exposure is considered carcinogenic due to semiquinone production and to compromised detoxification. Metabolic regulator polymorphisms, such as (rs1048290) and (rs35652124, rs6721961, rs6706649), can be valuable in understanding the individual cytoprotection profile.

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At Portuguese-organized cervical cancer (CC) screening programs, all women testing positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and/or 18 are referred for immediate colposcopy. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of reflex cytology in women who test positive for HPV 16 and/or 18 to improve the efficiency of CC screening. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was performed based on data from the routine CC screening protocol in force at Cova da Beira University Hospital Center, Portugal between August 2012 and June 2021.

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Previous studies using immunoassays for steroid measurements have focused on the association between steroid hormone levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, obtaining contradictory results. This study aimed to assess this association using a highly sensitive bioanalytical method. A total of 68 postmenopausal women, aged 65-89 years, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.

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Objective: Steroid hormone levels, particularly androgens, play an important role in sexual function in premenopausal women, but this relationship is not so well determined after menopause. This study aimed to assess the association between steroid hormone levels and sexual function in postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 84 postmenopausal women with intact ovaries, who had never used systemic hormone therapy, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.

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Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women. Cervical cancer screening is needed for the detection and treatment of cervical neoplastic lesions that can evolve to neoplasia and to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Recently, changes were made to increase the efficiency of the screening process such as employing the human papilloma virus detection test as the gold standard for cervical cancer screening and acknowledging the importance of adapting clinical practice to consider the risk of developing this neoplasia.

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This study aims to clarify the effect of postmenopausal bilateral oophorectomy on plasma steroid hormone levels. Women who were submitted in the postmenopausal period to hysterectomy for uterine benign conditions were divided into two groups: 18 women had isolated hysterectomy and 11 had hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In both groups serum hormone levels were quantified by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.

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Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers and is one of the major cause of deaths in women, especially in underdeveloped countries. The patients are usually treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments can cause several side effects and may lead to infertility.

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Objectives: The aims of the study were to assess the available literature concerning the indications, performance, technique, and classification of wet mount microscopy (WMM) and to establish evidence-based recommendations.

Methods: Literature review from the main scientific databases was performed by the ad hoc "Vaginitis and Microbiome Committee" of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease. The document was approved by the executive council and membership of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease.

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Estrogen metabolism plays an important role in tumor initiation and development. Lifetime exposure to high estrogens levels and deregulation of enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthetic and metabolic pathway are considered risk factors for breast cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of mutations acquisition during the lifetime in low penetrance genes that codify enzymes responsible for estrogen detoxification.

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Background: Cardiotoxicity is a known complication and one of the most adverse effects from the use of conventional treatments such as anthracyclines and trastuzumab in breast cancer (BC) care. This phenomenon has been associated with the restriction of therapeutic options and the increase of cardiovascular complications, which may compromise the survival of patients. Implementation of preventive strategies is an important approach for the management of this issue.

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After breast cancer diagnosis (BCD), localized breast cancer (BC) patients are treated with curative intent by several therapeutic modalities. Despite the benefit of those therapies, the induction of side effects is acommon consequence affecting psychosocial and physiological outcomes. This quasi-experimental study compared physical fitness in recent-term (14-30 months; n= 11) and later-term (74-92 months; n= 8) BCD patients.

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 To assess the medical doctors and medical students' opinion regarding the evidence and ethical background of the performance of vulvovaginal aesthetic procedures (VVAPs).  Cross-sectional online survey among 664 Portuguese medical doctors and students.  Most participants considered that there is never or there rarely is a medical reason to perform: vulvar whitening (85.

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Purpose: To determine the prevalence of uterine leiomyomas, diagnosed by ultrasound, in a private health care setting located in the central eastern region of Portugal, and to explore the demographic and clinical factors related to diagnosis and symptomatology.

Patients And Methods: The files of 624 patients attending a private clinic in Covilhã, Portugal, from January 2 to December 31, 2010 were retrieved for evaluation. Pelvic ultrasound record, age, weight, height, age at menarche, number of pregnancies and deliveries, marital status, menstrual cycles characteristic, and contraceptive method at consultation were included in the analysis.

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A 61-year-old woman presented to the emergency room complaining of anterior left thoracic pain and shortness of breath even after minor efforts. Her previous medical history was unremarkable. Pulmonary angiographic tomography showed a moderate bilateral pleural effusion that had collapsed inferior lung lobes, a large pericardial effusion, and several enlarged lymph nodes in the anterior mediastinum.

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Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), that mediates the biologic effects of estrogen in estrogen-sensitive tissues like breast, is genetically polymorphic. To evaluate the association between -397 PvuII (T>C) and -351 XbaI (A>G) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in intron 1 of ERα gene and susceptibility of breast cancer, we undertook a case-control study in BRCA1 185delAG and 5382insC/BRCA2 6174delT negative Portuguese women. The study population consisted of 107 patients with histological diagnosis of breast cancer and 121 women with no history of breast cancer.

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Purpose: This case-control study was conducted in order to evaluate the potential role of polymorphic genes encoding enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis (CYP19A1) and metabolism (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1), and their action in modulating individual susceptibility to breast cancer.

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of 101 patients with histological diagnosis of breast cancer and 121 healthy women. Genotyping analyses of CYP19A1 codon 39 Trp/Arg (T/C), GSTM1 and GSTT1 homozygous deletions, and GSTP1 codon 105 Ile/Val (A/G) were performed by polymerase chain reaction-based methods.

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Background: In breast cancer cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression is related with poor outcomes, but the clinical relevance of cyclooxygenase-2 is still unclear. Progesterone receptor is a regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 expression. We postulate that progesterone receptor was associated to cyclooxygenase-2 expression and clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer.

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Cervical cancer (CC) is the third most common cancer in women worldwide; however, CC is a preventable disease, and much effort should be done to prevent it. Persistence of high-risk HPV infection is the strongest epidemiologic risk factor for CC, however it is not sufficient for development of the disease it cofactors should be present. In 2004; IARC listed cervical cancer among those causally related to smoking.

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Glutathione S-transferases are a superfamily of multifunctional enzymes that play a key role in Phase II metabolism, detoxifying therapeutic drugs, and various carcinogens by conjugation with glutathione. We undertook a case-control study in Central-Eastern Portuguese population to evaluate the association of null genotype in GSTM1 and GSTT1 along with the polymorphism in GSTP1 (A/G) and susceptibility to breast cancer. The population sample consisted of 85 patients with histological diagnosis of breast cancer and 102 healthy women.

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Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a pathological denomination coined by the International Society for Study of Vulvo-vaginal Diseases (ISSVD) and adopted by the International Society of Gynaecological Pathology (ISGYP) and by the World Health Organization. VIN is a heterogeneous pathological entity with a usual type (warty, basaloid and mixed) and a differentiated type. The incidence of the disease is increasing, especially in young women.

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There are no known biological markers or technologies to predict the natural history of an individual CIN III. The probability of progression is considered greater with the persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and age. p53 polymorphism has been associated with cervical carcinogenesis.

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Objective: To evaluate clinical prognostic factors for local recurrence of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma after primary surgical treatment.

Study Design: Of 104 patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva in an 11-year period (1987-1997) at the Portuguese Cancer Institute, we selected for study 56 patients who meet the following criteria: (1) International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ib-IVa, (2) primary treatment of en bloc radical vulvectomy and bilateral groin dissection, and (3) follow-up reports. Files were retrieved for retrospective analysis.

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