Synchronous Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelioma in a Free-Ranging Capuchin Monkey (Sapajus libidinosus).

A free-ranging capuchin monkey developed a synchronous biphasic pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, a rare form of this tumor. Exophytic nodules were dispersed over the serosal surfaces, showing marked microscopical malignant features composed of both epithelioid and spindeloid neoplastic cells immunopositive for Pan-Cytokeratin, Cytokeratin 5/6, Vimentin, WT-1, and D2-40.

Etiology of hospital mortality in children living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

In 2019, 80% of the 7.4 million global child deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Global and regional estimates of cause of hospital death and admission in LMIC children are needed to guide global and local priority setting and resource allocation but are currently lacking.

Scipion3: A workflow engine for cryo-electron microscopy image processing and structural biology.

Image-processing pipelines require the design of complex workflows combining many different steps that bring the raw acquired data to a final result with biological meaning. In the image-processing domain of cryo-electron microscopy single-particle analysis (cryo-EM SPA), hundreds of steps must be performed to obtain the three-dimensional structure of a biological macromolecule by integrating data spread over thousands of micrographs containing millions of copies of allegedly the same macromolecule. The execution of such complicated workflows demands a specific tool to keep track of all these steps performed.

Scipion Flexibility Hub: an integrative framework for advanced analysis of conformational heterogeneity in cryoEM.

Understanding how structure and function meet to drive biological processes is progressively shifting the cryoEM field towards a more advanced analysis of macromolecular flexibility. Thanks to techniques such as single-particle analysis and electron tomography, it is possible to image a macromolecule in different states, information that can subsequently be extracted through advanced image-processing methods to build a richer approximation of a conformational landscape. However, the interoperability of all of these algorithms remains a challenging task that is left to users, preventing them from defining a single flexible workflow in which conformational information can be addressed by different algorithms.

Research progress, trends, and future prospects on hydrothermal liquefaction of algae for biocrude production: a bibliometric analysis.

The rising demand to settle a sustainable energy source is guiding researchers in the production of biofuels. The liquefaction process is an alternative to obtaining biocrude from different types of renewable biomass and can mitigate environmental impacts. All papers published since 2000, which are related to the hydrothermal liquefaction process that aims to obtain biocrude are analyzed in the present study using the bibliometric approach to provide the selected database.

Multicentric validation of a prognostic tool for predicting brain death following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children.

Aim: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in pediatric patients is associated with high rates of mortality and neurologic injury, with no definitive evidence-based method to predict outcomes available. A prognostic scoring tool for adults, The Brain Death After Cardiac Arrest (BDCA) score, was recently developed and validated. We aimed to validate this score in pediatric patients.

Application of the London Atlas Software App 2nd edition for the radiographic assessment of dental development.

Background: Assessing the dental development of children and adolescents is an important part of treatment planning. The radiographic visualization of dental developmental stages prior to age estimation is currently feasible by means of digital software apps. Testing the existing software tools is necessary to safeguard application in practice.

Expanding current guidelines for management of COVID-19 focusing on low- and middle-income countries.

Within a short time, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved into a pandemic spreading at a speed and scale that has been able to overwhelm even the most advanced health care systems quickly. Multiple guidelines published by organizations such as the WHO and US' CDC address the response to COVID-19 at the international, national, and local levels. Although these guidelines are meant to be globally accessible, implementing them is a challenge given the variability in the health care systems worldwide between low- and middleincome countries (LMIC) and high-income countries and even amongst different regions within each LMIC.

Effect of the seed coating with biomass of Dunaliella salina on early plant growth and in the secondary metabolites content of Coriandrum sativum.

The environmental and health risks associated with the application of synthetic chemical inputs in agriculture increased the demand for technologies that allow higher performance and quality of vegetable crops by implementing synergistic materials with the principles of sustainability. In this work, the seed coating with the biomass of Dunaliella salina incorporated in a bioplastic film of Manihot esculenta (cassava) was evaluated as an initial growth and secondary compounds stimulator of Coriandrum sativum (coriander) plants. The obtained results demonstrated that the coating stimulated an increase in the germination percentage (28.

Mechanisms of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound phenotypes in paediatric cerebral malaria remain elusive.

Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) results in significant paediatric death and neurodisability in sub-Saharan Africa. Several different alterations to typical Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) flow velocities and waveforms in CM have been described, but mechanistic contributors to these abnormalities are unknown. If identified, targeted, TCD-guided adjunctive therapy in CM may improve outcomes.

ScipionTomo: Towards cryo-electron tomography software integration, reproducibility, and validation.

Image processing in cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET) is currently at a similar state as Single Particle Analysis (SPA) in cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) was a few years ago. Its data processing workflows are far from being well defined and the user experience is still not smooth. Moreover, file formats of different software packages and their associated metadata are not standardized, mainly since different packages are developed by different groups, focusing on different steps of the data processing pipeline.

Tylosin in anaerobic reactors: degradation kinetics, effects on methane production and on the microbial community.

Tylosin eliminated in animal waste, during therapeutic treatment, can be efficiently removed in anaerobic systems. The present study investigated the influence of tylosin concentration and assessed its degradation kinetics and the microorganisms involved in each stage of its anaerobic digestion (hydrolysis/acidogenesis; acetogenesis; methanogenesis). The results showed a stimulating effect on methane production with increasing tylosin concentration in the poultry litter up to 80 mg kg tylosin (232.

The Burden of Critical Illness in Hospitalized Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The majority of childhood deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Many of these deaths are avoidable with basic critical care interventions. Quantifying the burden of pediatric critical illness in LMICs is essential for targeting interventions to reduce childhood mortality.

On bias, variance, overfitting, gold standard and consensus in single-particle analysis by cryo-electron microscopy.

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) has become a well established technique to elucidate the 3D structures of biological macromolecules. Projection images from thousands of macromolecules that are assumed to be structurally identical are combined into a single 3D map representing the Coulomb potential of the macromolecule under study. This article discusses possible caveats along the image-processing path and how to avoid them to obtain a reliable 3D structure.

Cerebral Metabolic Crisis in Pediatric Cerebral Malaria.

Cerebral metabolic energy crisis (CMEC), often defined as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate: pyruvate ratio (LPR) >40, occurs in various diseases and is associated with poor neurologic outcomes. Cerebral malaria (CM) causes significant mortality and neurodisability in children worldwide. Multiple factors that could lead to CMEC are plausible in these patients, but its frequency has not been explored.

Cryo-EM and Single-Particle Analysis with Scipion.

Cryo-electron microscopy has become one of the most important tools in biological research to reveal the structural information of macromolecules at near-atomic resolution. In single-particle analysis, the vitrified sample is imaged by an electron beam and the detectors at the end of the microscope column produce movies of that sample. These movies contain thousands of images of identical particles in random orientations.

Compressive spectral image reconstruction using deep prior and low-rank tensor representation.

Compressive spectral imaging (CSI) has emerged as an alternative spectral image acquisition technology, which reduces the number of measurements at the cost of requiring a recovery process. In general, the reconstruction methods are based on handcrafted priors used as regularizers in optimization algorithms or recent deep neural networks employed as an image generator to learn a non-linear mapping from the low-dimensional compressed measurements to the image space. However, these deep learning methods need many spectral images to obtain good performance.

Image Processing in Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Single Particles: The Power of Combining Methods.

Cryo-electron microscopy has established as a mature structural biology technique to elucidate the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules. The Coulomb potential of the sample is imaged by an electron beam, and fast semi-conductor detectors produce movies of the sample under study. These movies have to be further processed by a whole pipeline of image-processing algorithms that produce the final structure of the macromolecule.

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Cerebrovascular Abnormalities in Children With Acute Bacterial Meningitis.

Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a global public health concern that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Cerebral arterial narrowing contributes to stroke in BM and may be amenable to intervention. However, it is difficult to diagnose in resource-limited settings where the disease is common.

Algorithmic robustness to preferred orientations in single particle analysis by CryoEM.

The presence of preferred orientations in single particle analysis (SPA) by cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryoEM) is currently one of the hurdles preventing many structural analyses from yielding high-resolution structures. Although the existence of preferred orientations is mostly related to the grid preparation, in this technical note, we show that some image processing algorithms used for angular assignment and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction are more robust than others to these detrimental conditions. We exemplify this argument with three different data sets in which the presence of preferred orientations hindered achieving a 3D reconstruction without artifacts or, even worse, a 3D reconstruction could never be achieved.

Application of systems dynamics and group model building to identify barriers and facilitators to acute care delivery in a resource limited setting.

Background: Group model building (GMB) is a method to facilitate shared understanding of structures and relationships that determine system behaviors. This project aimed to determine the feasibility of GMB in a resource-limited setting and to use GMB to describe key barriers and facilitators to effective acute care delivery at a tertiary care hospital in Malawi.

Methods: Over 1 week, trained facilitators led three GMB sessions with two groups of healthcare providers to facilitate shared understanding of structures and relationships that determine system behaviors.

FSC-Q: a CryoEM map-to-atomic model quality validation based on the local Fourier shell correlation.

In recent years, advances in cryoEM have dramatically increased the resolution of reconstructions and, with it, the number of solved atomic models. It is widely accepted that the quality of cryoEM maps varies locally; therefore, the evaluation of the maps-derived structural models must be done locally as well. In this article, a method for the local analysis of the map-to-model fit is presented.

Integration of Cryo-EM Model Building Software in .

Advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have made it possible to obtain structures of large biological macromolecules at near-atomic resolution. This "resolution revolution" has encouraged the use and development of modeling tools able to produce high-quality atomic models from cryo-EM density maps. Unfortunately, many practical problems appear when combining different packages in the same processing workflow, which make difficult the use of these tools by non-experts and, therefore, reduce their utility.

Flexible workflows for on-the-fly electron-microscopy single-particle image processing using Scipion.

Electron microscopy of macromolecular structures is an approach that is in increasing demand in the field of structural biology. The automation of image acquisition has greatly increased the potential throughput of electron microscopy. Here, the focus is on the possibilities in Scipion to implement flexible and robust image-processing workflows that allow the electron-microscope operator and the user to monitor the quality of image acquisition, assessing very simple acquisition measures or obtaining a first estimate of the initial volume, or the data resolution and heterogeneity, without any need for programming skills.