Cabozantinib plus Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The efficacy and safety of treatment with cabozantinib in combination with nivolumab and ipilimumab in patients with previously untreated advanced renal-cell carcinoma are unknown.

Methods: In this phase 3, double-blind trial, we enrolled patients with advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma who had not previously received treatment and had intermediate or poor prognostic risk according to the International Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium categories. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 40 mg of cabozantinib daily in addition to nivolumab and ipilimumab (experimental group) or matched placebo in addition to nivolumab and ipilimumab (control group).

Operationally defining physical literacy in Chinese culture: Results of a meta-narrative synthesis and the Panel's recommendations.

Purpose: The definition of physical literacy (PL) needs to be explored by researchers from educational, public health, and sports organisations in Chinese culture; an adequate definition and theoretical framework of PL can then be embraced within different contexts and according to cultural influences.

Methods: This meta-narrative synthesis of literature in this area included a series of planning, search, mapping, appraisal, synthesis, and recommendation phases. The literature was translated into English and circulated among international experts to seek suggestions.

A phase III, randomized, open-label study (CONTACT-02) of cabozantinib plus atezolizumab versus second novel hormone therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Cabozantinib inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, including the TAM kinase family, and may enhance response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. One cohort of the ongoing phase Ib COSMIC-021 study (NCT03170960) evaluating cabozantinib plus the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) that has progressed in soft tissue on/after enzalutamide and/or abiraterone treatment for metastatic disease has shown promising efficacy. Here, we describe the rationale and design of a phase III trial of cabozantinib plus atezolizumab versus a second novel hormone therapy (NHT) in patients who have previously received an NHT for mCRPC, metastatic castration-sensitive PC or nonmetastatic CRPC and have measurable visceral disease and/or extrapelvic adenopathy - a population with a significant unmet need for treatment options.

Seizure Rates in Enzalutamide-Treated Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Risk of Seizure: The UPWARD Study.

Importance: The androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide prolongs survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In controlled clinical studies, 0.5% (10 of 2051) of patients experienced seizure, but patients with a history of or risk factors for seizure were excluded.

Schisandrin B regulates lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipocytes.

Subcutaneous adipocytes in obese subjects have a lower sensitivity to catecholamine-induced lipolysis and a higher sensitivity to insulin anti-lipolytic effects compared to adipocytes in other adipose depots. Therefore, increasing lipolysis in subcutaneous adipocytes coupled with enhanced fatty acid oxidation may be an anti-obesity strategy. Schisandrin B (Sch B) is one of the most abundant active dibenzocyclooctadiene derivatives found in the fruit of Schisandra chinensis which is a commonly prescribed Chinese medicinal herb.

Efficacy and Safety of Enzalutamide vs Bicalutamide in Younger and Older Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer in the TERRAIN Trial.

Purpose: Enzalutamide significantly prolonged median progression-free survival vs bicalutamide in chemotherapy naïve men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer in the TERRAIN (Enzalutamide versus Bicalutamide in Castrate Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer) trial. In this post hoc analysis we investigated the influence of age on the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide vs bicalutamide in this population.

Materials And Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to enzalutamide 160 mg per day or bicalutamide 50 mg per day.

Cinnamon induces browning in subcutaneous adipocytes.

Browning is the process of increasing the number of brite cells, which helps to increase energy expenditure and reduce obesity. Consumption of natural and non-toxic herbal extracts that possess the browning effect is an attractive anti-obesity strategy. In this study, we examined the browning effect of cinnamon extract.

The anticancer and antiobesity effects of Mediterranean diet.

Cancers have been the leading cause of death worldwide and the prevalence of obesity is also increasing in these few decades. Interestingly, there is a direct association between cancer and obesity. Each year, more than 90,000 cancer deaths are caused by obesity or overweight.

Impact of Enzalutamide Compared with Bicalutamide on Quality of Life in Men with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Additional Analyses from the TERRAIN Randomised Clinical Trial.

Background: Improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important goal in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Objective: To examine the impact of enzalutamide versus bicalutamide on HRQoL in mCRPC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: TERRAIN is a multinational, phase 2, randomised, double-blind study in asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic men with mCRPC (ClinicalTrials.

Construction and Validation of a Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument for Physical Education Teachers.

The purpose of this study was to construct and validate a "Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument" (PPLI) for physical education teachers. Based on literature review and focus group interviews, an 18-item instrument was developed for the initial tests. This self-report measure, using a 5-point Likert scale, formed the PPLI and was administered to 336 physical education teachers in Hong Kong.

Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide versus bicalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (TERRAIN): a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study.

Background: Enzalutamide is an oral androgen-receptor inhibitor that has been shown to improve survival in two placebo-controlled phase 3 trials, and is approved for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The objective of the TERRAIN study was to compare the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide with bicalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Methods: TERRAIN was a double-blind, randomised phase 2 study, that recruited asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic men with prostate cancer progression on androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) from academic, community, and private health-care provision sites across North America and Europe.

Lipidomic-based investigation into the regulatory effect of Schisandrin B on palmitic acid level in non-alcoholic steatotic livers.

Schisandrin B (SchB) is one of the most abundant bioactive dibenzocyclooctadiene derivatives found in the fruit of Schisandra chinensis. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of SchB on non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD). In lipidomic study, ingenuity pathway analysis highlighted palmitate biosynthesis metabolic pathway in the liver samples of SchB-treated high-fat-diet-fed mice.

Dietary lipids and adipocytes: potential therapeutic targets in cancers.

Lipids play an important role to support the rapid growth of cancer cells, which can be derived from both the endogenous synthesis and exogenous supplies. Enhanced de novo fatty acid synthesis and mobilization of stored lipids in cancer cells promote tumorigenesis. Besides, lipids and fatty acids derived from diet or transferred from neighboring adipocytes also influence the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells.

Subcutaneous adipocytes promote melanoma cell growth by activating the Akt signaling pathway: role of palmitic acid.

Tumorigenesis involves constant communication between tumor cells and neighboring normal cells such as adipocytes. The canonical function of adipocytes is to store triglyceride and release fatty acids for other tissues. This study was aimed to find out if adipocytes promoted melanoma cell growth and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

Development and evaluation of a measure to assess restorative sleep.

Background: There are validated measures assessing insomnia and disturbed sleep, but few psychometrically sound instruments to assess perceptions of the restorative or inadequate properties of sleep are available.

Study Objectives: To develop and evaluate a new instrument, the Restorative Sleep Questionnaire (RSQ).

Design And Setting: Focus groups were conducted using participants with and without nonrestorative sleep complaints.

Lipidomics identification of metabolic biomarkers in chemically induced hypertriglyceridemic mice.

In this study, we aim to identify the potential biomarkers in hTG pathogenesis in schisandrin B-induced hTG mouse model. To investigate whether these identified biomarkers are only specific to schisandrin B-induced hTG mouse model, we also measured these biomarkers in a high fat diet (HFD)-induced hTG mouse model. We employed a LC/MS/MS-based lipidomic approach for the study.

Inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase reduced palmitate and oleate-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the involvement of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) in palmitate and oleate-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.

Methods: We treated HepG2 with free fatty acids (FFA) (0.33 mM palmitate and 0.

Colonoscopic and histologic features of colonic Crohn's disease in Chinese patients.

Objective: An attempt was made to provide a better insight into endoscopic and histological features and to enhance the understanding of the diagnostic value of colonoscopy combined with biopsy for colonic Crohn's disease.

Methods: As presented in our 27 cases of colonic Crohn's disease (Crohn's colitis), the endoscopic findings and histological changes of biopsy specimens were analyzed. As collated with correspondent results of biopsy and surgical specimens, the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy was evaluated.

Gene delivery of endothelial nitric oxide synthase into nucleus tractus solitarii induces biphasic response in cardiovascular functions of hypertensive rats.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in central control of blood pressure (BP). An intrinsic defect in NO availability in brain nucleus contributes to the elevated BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). This study was aimed to investigate the effect of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene delivery in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) on the cardiovascular functions of SHR.

Oral magnesium oxide prophylaxis of frequent migrainous headache in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To assess whether, in children, oral magnesium oxide reduces migrainous headache frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo.

Background: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all children and adolescents with frequent migrainous headache.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial.