A cross-lagged panel network model on internet gaming disorder and depressive symptoms concerning preferences for game genres.

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a prevalent behavioral addiction that co-occurs with depression. Little is known about how IGD and depression intercorrelate longitudinally at a symptom level. This study aimed to explore the directional relationships between IGD and depressive symptoms and identify the key symptoms in their comorbidity using cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) modeling.

Protocol for a mixed-methods randomised controlled trial evaluating the psychosocial effects of an expressive arts-based intervention on adults with age-related macular degeneration.

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent eye disease among middle-aged and older adults. AMD leaves the patient with irreversible deteriorating vision, which profoundly impacts their daily lives and psychosocial well-being. Given the limited studies addressing the psychosocial needs of adults with AMD and, in particular, using an expressive arts-based intervention (EXABI) as an intervention, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of such an intervention in enhancing the psychosocial well-being of adults with AMD.

Psychometric validation of the Cardiac Distress Inventory - Short Form among people with cardiac diseases in Hong Kong.

Objectives: Cardiac patients experience various somatic and psychosocial symptoms and stress is an important prognostic factor of cardiac rehabilitation. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 12-item Cardiac Distress Inventory - Short Form (CDI-SF) in the Chinese context.

Methods: A total of 227 patients with cardiac diseases were recruited in a specialist outpatient clinic in Hong Kong between Aug 2022 and July 2023.

Clinical Characteristics of Early Leavers From a Private Dual-Diagnosis Program.

Early leaving in substance use disorder treatment may be the single largest variable undermining treatment success. Existing work on early leaving tends to explore either client factors, which include age, race, gender, and diagnoses, or treatment factors, which include the type of treatment activities offered, treatment experiences of clients and staff, treatment amenities, and environmental factors in the residential treatment program. However, existing work on both client factors and treatment factors provides mixed results on what contributes to early leaving.

Anatomical variations in 3D imaging: A case report of a dorsal metacarpal artery anomaly.

This report presents a novel anatomical variant of the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA). In this unique case, the SDMA abnormally penetrates the second dorsal interosseous muscle (SDIM), dividing into two major branches. A deep dorsal branch of the SDMA (dbSDMA) is located within the SDIM and extends to the distal end of the metacarpal.

Inflammatory Indices and Their Associations With Postoperative Delirium.

Background: Although the pathogenesis of delirium is poorly understood, increasing evidence supports a role for inflammation. Previously, individual inflammatory biomarkers have been associated with delirium. Aggregating biomarkers into an index may provide more information than individual biomarkers in predicting certain health outcomes (eg, mortality); however, inflammatory indices have not yet been examined in delirium.

Adaptation, calibration, and validation of a cognitive assessment battery for telephone and video administration.

Background: Events such as global pandemics can force rapid adoption of new modes of assessment. We describe the evaluation of a modified neuropsychological assessment for web and telephone administration.

Methods: Telephone and video conferencing-based neuropsychological assessment procedures were developed and implemented within an ongoing observational study, the Successful Aging following Elective Surgery II (SAGES) study (N = 420 persons).

Computational and Neural Evidence for Altered Fast and Slow Learning from Losses in Problem Gambling.

Learning occurs across multiple timescales, with fast learning crucial for adapting to sudden environmental changes, and slow learning beneficial for extracting robust knowledge from multiple events. Here, we asked if miscalibrated fast vs slow learning can lead to maladaptive decision-making in individuals with problem gambling. We recruited participants with problem gambling (PG; N = 20; 9 female and 11 male) and a recreational gambling control group without any symptoms associated with PG (N = 20; 10 female and 10 male) from the community in Los Angeles, CA.

Interaction Effects Between Low Self-Control and Meaning in Life on Internet Gaming Disorder Symptoms and Functioning in Chinese Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Latent Moderated Structural Equation Modeling Study.

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is an emerging behavioral addiction with mental health implications among adolescents. Low self-control is an established risk factor of IGD. Few studies have, however, examined the moderating role of meaning in life (MIL) on the relationships between low self-control and IGD symptoms and functioning.

The Relationship between Delirium and Dementia.

Delirium and dementia are common causes of cognitive impairment in older adults. They are distinct but interrelated. Delirium, an acute confusional state, has been linked to the chronic and progressive loss of cognitive ability seen in dementia.

Enhanced Cognition and Modulation of Brain Connectivity in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder: The Promise of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation.

Existing pharmacological treatments for mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) offer limited effectiveness and adverse side effects. Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) utilizing ultrashort ultrasound pulses reaches deep brain regions and may circumvent conductivity issues associated with brain stimulation. This study addresses the gap in TPS research for mild NCD during a critical intervention period before irreversible cognitive degradation.

Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Postoperative Delirium.

Preoperative risk biomarkers for delirium may aid in identifying high-risk patients and developing intervention therapies, which would minimize the health and economic burden of postoperative delirium. Previous studies have typically used single omics approaches to identify such biomarkers. Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the Healthier Postoperative Recovery study of adults ≥ 63 years old undergoing elective major orthopedic surgery was used in a matched pair delirium case-no delirium control design.

Prediction of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults from Preoperative Cognition and Occipital Alpha Power from Resting-State Electroencephalogram.

Background: Postoperative delirium is the most common complication following surgery among older adults, and has been consistently associated with increased mortality and morbidity, cognitive decline, and loss of independence, as well as markedly increased health-care costs. Electroencephalography (EEG) spectral slowing has frequently been observed during episodes of delirium, whereas intraoperative frontal alpha power is associated with postoperative delirium. We sought to identify preoperative predictors that could identify individuals at high risk for postoperative delirium, which could guide clinical decision-making and enable targeted interventions to potentially decrease delirium incidence and postoperative delirium-related complications.

MicroRNA-301a knockout attenuates peripheral nerve regeneration by delaying Wallerian degeneration.

Our recent study demonstrated that knockout of microRNA-301a attenuates migration and phagocytosis in macrophages. Considering that macrophages and Schwann cells synergistically clear the debris of degraded axons and myelin during Wallerian degeneration, which is a prerequisite for nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that microRNA-301a regulates Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration via impacts on Schwann cell migration and phagocytosis. Herein, we found low expression of microRNA-301a in intact sciatic nerves, with no impact of the microRNA-301a knockout on nerve structure and function.

Validation of Lung Ultrasound for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Prognostication in an International Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Despite many studies evaluating lung ultrasound (LUS) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prognostication, the generalizability and utility across clinical settings are uncertain.

Methods: Adults (≥18 years of age) with COVID-19 were enrolled at 2 military hospitals, an emergency department, home visits, and a homeless shelter in the United States, and in a referral hospital in Uganda. Participants had a 12-zone LUS scan performed at time of enrollment and clips were read off-site.

Psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and situational impact: A network analysis in Hong Kong residents.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had situational impacts and induced various psychological responses among residents. The present study aims to analyze the network structure of psychological responses to the pandemic and their relationships with situational impact, resilience, and well-being through a network approach.

Methods: An online survey recruited 1122 residents (mean age = 32.

Relationship between cortical brain atrophy, delirium, and long-term cognitive decline in older surgical patients.

In older patients, delirium after surgery is associated with long-term cognitive decline (LTCD). The neural substrates of this association are unclear. Neurodegenerative changes associated with dementia are possible contributors.

Deep behavioural phenotyping of the Q175 Huntington disease mouse model: effects of age, sex, and weight.

Background: Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with complex motor and behavioural manifestations. The Q175 knock-in mouse model of HD has gained recent popularity as a genetically accurate model of the human disease. However, behavioural phenotypes are often subtle and progress slowly in this model.

Comorbidity among symptoms of internet gaming disorder, social withdrawal, and depression in 3430 young people in Hong Kong: A network analysis.

Background: The present study aimed to examine the comorbidity among symptoms of internet gaming disorder (IGD), social withdrawal, and depression using the network perspective.

Methods: An online survey recruited 3430 young people in Hong Kong (mean age = 19.4 years, 80.

Differential Effects of Ascites and Hepatic Encephalopathy on Waitlist Mortality in Liver Transplantation by MELD 3.0.

Background: MELD 3.0 introduces changes to address waitlist disparities for liver transplant (LT) candidates. Ascites and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are important milestones in the natural history of cirrhosis regardless of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.