Itaconimides as Novel Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of .

is known as an opportunistic pathogen that often causes persistent infections associated with high level of antibiotic-resistance and biofilms formation. Chemical interference with bacterial cell-to-cell communication, termed quorum sensing (QS), has been recognized as an attractive approach to control infections and address the drug resistance problems currently observed worldwide. Instead of imposing direct selective pressure on bacterial growth, the right bioactive compounds can preferentially block QS-based communication and attenuate cascades of bacterial gene expression and production of virulence factors, thus leading to reduced pathogenicity.

Heartbreak: A case of post-infarction cardiogenic shock.

Ventricular septal rupture is a rare but catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction. Although it has declined in incidence since the introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention, there hasn't been a significant change of mortality from the condition. In the chain of survival, prompt diagnosis and definitive surgery form the cardinal links.

First case report of fatal Nocardia nova infection in yellow-bibbed lory (Lorius chlorocercus) identified by multilocus sequencing.

Background: Nocardiosis is often a multi-systemic disease in humans and other mammals. Nocardiosis in birds is uncommon. Laboratory identification of Nocardia to the species level is difficult by traditional phenotypic methods based on biochemical reactions and hydrolysis tests, and is most accurately performed by sequencing multiple gene targets.

Soluble expression of recombinant midgut zymogen (native propeptide) proteases from the Aedes aegypti Mosquito Utilizing E. coli as a host.

Background: Studying proteins and enzymes involved in important biological processes in the Aedes aegypti mosquito is limited by the quantity that can be directly isolated from the mosquito. Adding to this difficulty, digestive enzymes (midgut proteases) involved in metabolizing blood meal proteins require a more oxidizing environment to allow proper folding of disulfide bonds. Therefore, recombinant techniques to express foreign proteins in Escherichia coli prove to be effective in producing milligram quantities of the expressed product.

PAX4 R192H is associated with younger onset of Type 2 diabetes in East Asians in Singapore.

Aims: Young-onset T2D (YT2D) is associated with a more fulminant course and greater propensity for diabetic complications. The association of PAX4 R192H (rs2233580) variation with YT2D was inconsistent partly because of its Asian-specificity and under-representation of Asians in international consortiums. Interestingly, in our preliminary YT2D (mean = 25 years old) cohort, the prevalence of PAX4 R192H variant was remarkably higher (21.

Seasonal variation of Sargassum ilicifolium (Phaeophyceae) growth on equatorial coral reefs.

Temporal and spatial variations in Sargassum ilicifolium thallus density and length were investigated on equatorial coral reefs in Singapore from November 2011 to October 2012. Thalli density varied little throughout the year, however, we found strong seasonal patterns in thallus length and identified temperature as the significant driver. Sargassum ilicifolium reached maximum length in December (110.

Mammographic density and breast tissue expression of inflammatory markers, growth factors, and vimentin.

Background: Mammographic density is a known risk factor for breast cancer, but the underlying pathologic characteristics are not well understood. The current analysis investigated the expression of several markers of interest, e.g.

Effect Of Arm Deweighting Using End-Effector Based Robotic Devices On Muscle Activity.

Deweighting of the limb is commonly performed for patients with a neurological injury, such as stroke, as it allows these patients with limited muscle activity to perform movements. Deweighting has been implemented in exoskeletons and other multi-contact devices, but not on an end-effector based device with single contact point between the assisting robot and the human limb being assisted. This study inves-tigates the effects of deweighting using an end-effector based device on healthy subjects.

Emergency presentations of acute biliary pain: changing patterns of management in a tertiary institute.

Background: Acute biliary pain is the most common presentation of gallstone disease. Untreated patients risk recurrent pain, cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis and multiple hospital presentations. We examine the outcome of implementing a policy to offer laparoscopic cholecystectomy on index presentation to patients with biliary colic in a tertiary hospital in Australia.

Attributes and Actions Required to Advance Quality and Safety in Hospitals: Insights from Nurse Executives.

To lead effectively within their organizations, nurse executives must possess quality and safety literacy and be able to engage and motivate clinicians to participate in safety and quality initiatives. Given the paucity of research in Canada, a study was undertaken to explore nurse executives' understanding of the key concepts and strategies associated with patient safety and quality improvement, and their engagement with patient safety and quality improvement in their hospitals and healthcare systems. This study used an exploratory qualitative design with a content analysis approach on 20 nurse executives working in hospitals in Ontario.

Ignatzschineria cameli sp. nov., isolated from necrotic foot tissue of dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) and associated maggots (Wohlfahrtia species) in Dubai.

Five bacterial strains, UAE-HKU57, UAE-HKU58, UAE-HKU59, UAE-HKU60 and UAE-HKU61, were isolated in Dubai, UAE, from necrotic foot tissue samples of four dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) and associated maggots (Wohrlfartia species). They were non-sporulating, Gram-negative, non-motile bacilli. They grew well under aerobic conditions at 37 °C, but not anaerobically.

The effect of exercise on local and systemic adverse reactions after vaccinations - Outcomes of two randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: An adverse reaction associated with vaccination is considered to be a key barrier to vaccinate, yet little attention has been given to interventions to reduce their occurrence. Exercise is a behavioural adjuvant which may also influence adverse reactions. Here, two randomized controlled trials are reported, examining the effects of exercise on self-reported adverse reactions following vaccination in adolescents and young adults.

Impeding DNA Break Repair Enables Oocyte Quality Control.

Oocyte quality control culls eggs with defects in meiosis. In mouse, oocyte death can be triggered by defects in chromosome synapsis and recombination, which involve repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) between homologous chromosomes. We show that RNF212, a SUMO ligase required for crossing over, also mediates oocyte quality control.

Siglec-7 engagement by GBS β-protein suppresses pyroptotic cell death of natural killer cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that recognize and destroy abnormal host cells, such as tumor cells or those infected by viral pathogens. To safely accomplish these functions, NK cells display activating receptors that detect stress molecules or viral ligands displayed at the cell surface, balanced by inhibitory receptors that bind to self-molecules. To date, such activating and inhibitory receptors on NK cells are not known to recognize bacterial determinants.

Computed Tomography Urography: Comparison of Image Quality and Radiation Dose between Single- and Split-Bolus Techniques.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to compare the split-bolus and single-bolus computerised tomography (CT) urography and determine if this offers a reduction in radiation dose without compromising image quality.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed on 88 patients undergoing split-bolus CT urography and this was compared to a control group of 101 consecutive patients undergoing single-bolus CT urography. A radiation dose analysis was performed on each subject.

Borrelia Infection in Latin America.

Lyme disease (LD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes, belonging to the genospecies complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B.b.s.

Cellular Immune Responses 6 Years Following 1, 2, or 3 Doses of Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine in Fijian Girls and Subsequent Responses to a Dose of Bivalent HPV Vaccine.

Background: This study examined the cellular immunity of 0, 1, 2, and 3 doses of Gardasil vaccine (4vHPV) in girls after 6 years and their responses to a subsequent dose of Cervarix vaccine (2vHPV).

Methods: A subset of girls (n = 59) who previously received 0, 1, 2, or 3 doses of 4vHPV 6 years earlier were randomly selected from a cohort study of Fijian girls (age 15-19 years). Blood was collected before and 28 days after a dose of 2vHPV.

Reproductive ecology of the endangered Beal's-eyed turtle, .

The Beal's-eyed turtle () is endemic to southeastern China and endangered due to poaching and habitat loss. Knowledge of ecology is lacking and this study provides baseline information of its reproduction in a natural environment. We studied the reproductive ecology of using X-ray, spool-and-line tracking, and direct observation.

Impact of financial background and student debt on postgraduate residency choices of medical students in Singapore.

Introduction: Medical school fees are rising globally. Student debt and financial background may affect residency choices, but few studies have been conducted in Asia. This study aimed to explore the relationship between financial background, student debt and postgraduate residency choices among medical students in Singapore.

Directed evolution and biophysical characterization of a full-length, soluble, human caveolin-1 variant.

Protein engineering by directed evolution can alter proteins' structures, properties, and functions. However, membrane proteins, despite their importance to living organisms, remain relatively unexplored as targets for protein engineering and directed evolution. This gap in capabilities likely results from the tendency of membrane proteins to aggregate and fail to overexpress in bacteria cells.

Improving vaccine-related pain, distress or fear in healthy children and adolescents-a systematic search of patient-focused interventions.

Objective: The WHO recently highlighted the need for research into potential interventions that can be used to mitigate pain during mass vaccinations, in addition to interventions specific for adolescents. The current review examines the literature on potential interventions that can be used during mass vaccination settings in healthy individuals between the ages of 4 and 15 years old.

Methods: Criteria for inclusion were: 1)participants between the ages of 4-15 years, 2)interventions that were patient-focused, 3)vaccinations in healthy individuals, 4)outcome measures to include self-reported pain, fear or distress.

MALDI-TOF MS for identification of Tsukamurella species: Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens as the predominant species associated with ocular infections.

Although Tsukamurella infections have been increasingly reported in Europe, Asia, America, and Africa, indicating that diseases caused by this group of bacteria are emerging in a global scale, species identification within this genus is difficult in most clinical microbiology laboratories. Recently, we showed that groEL gene sequencing is useful for identification of all existing Tsukamurella species. Nevertheless, PCR sequencing is still considered expensive, time-consuming, and technically demanding, and therefore is yet to be incorporated as a routine identification method in clinical laboratories.

Understanding breast cancer screening--past, present, and future.

This article provides an up-to-date overview of breast cancer mammography screening and briefly discusses its history, controversies, current guidelines, practices across Asia, and future directions. An emphasis is made on shared decision-making--instead of giving just a 'yes' or 'no' answer to patients, the focus should be on providing sufficient information about the pros and cons of screening to help women make a personal, informed choice. Frontline experts, including breast surgeons, oncologists, breast radiologists, and their representative professional associations should all participate in guideline panels, with the goal of improving cancer detection, reducing mortality, and improving patient outcome.