The interior structure of breast microcalcifications assessed with micro computed tomography.

Background: Morphology microcalcification descriptors help stratify the risk of breast malignancy. Micro CT is feasible for visualization of the fine-structure of tissues and may be suitible for high resolution microcalcification analysis.

Purpose: To analyze the interior structure of microcalcifications using a micro CT imaging system.

Fine structure of breast tissue on micro computed tomography a feasibility study.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of micro computed tomography (CT) to assess the fine structure of breast tissue.

Methods And Materials: Breast core needle biopsy specimens (0.8 to 1.

Where does the antigen of cutaneous sarcoidosis come from?

Background: The antigen pathway of cutaneous sarcoidosis remains obscure. We have investigated topographic involvement of inflammatory cells and lymphatic vessels.

Methods: Eleven cutaneous biopsies from eight patients were studied, along with controls from other granulomatous disorders and various skin lesions.

Genome-wide expression profiling reveals new insights into pathogenesis and progression of testicular germ cell tumors.

Testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) are the most frequent malignancy in young adults and arise from intratubular germ cell neoplasia undetermined (IGCNU, also referred to as carcinoma in situ, CIS). To determine the transcriptional programs involved in the transition from normal germ cells to GCT, and to further elucidate genetic differences between seminomas and non-seminomatous GCT the global expression profile of 12 neoplastic and 3 normal testicular tissues were investigated by whole genome cDNA microarrays. Transcriptional differences between seminomas and embryonal carcinomas were determined and gene signatures characterizing histological subtypes of GCT were identified.

Gene expression profiling identifies new biological markers of neoplastic germ cells.

Background: There is only limited knowledge about gene expression in human testicular germ cell tumors of adolescents and adults (TGCTs), and, in particular in its preinvasive stage intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU).

Materials And Methods: Global gene expression was studied in 10 invasive human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), 7 intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU) and 3 normal testes. The pattern of expression of several genes was studied by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays containing 126 TGCTs, IGCNU, normal testes and in 5 fetal testes.

Three-dimensional imaging and morphometric analysis of alveolar tissue from microfocal X-ray-computed tomography.

We evaluated microfocal X-ray-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a method to visualize lung architecture two and three dimensionally and to obtain morphometric data. Inflated porcine lungs were fixed by formaldehyde ventilation. Tissue samples (8-mm diameter, 10-mm height) were stained with osmium tetroxide, and 400 projection images (1,024 x 1,024 pixel) were obtained.

Inflammatory cells in the formation of tumor-related sarcoid reactions.

Tumor-related sarcoid reactions were analyzed in 14 lymph nodes in comparison with sarcoidosis using immunohistochemical markers to lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD20), myeloid-related protein (MRP) 8 and MRP14 (S100A8 and S100A9), angiotensin I-converting enzyme (CD143), and mature or immature dendritic cells (S100, HLA-DR, fascin, CD83, and CD1a). We found that solitary epithelioid cell granuloma (ECG) first occur between lymph sinus and T-zone and that multiple ECGs mainly occur within T-zone, whereas confluent types often occupy the whole lymph node except some residual lymphoid follicles. This pattern suggests a continuous spread and growth of ECGs in sarcoid reactions along T-zone, where antigen presentation mainly takes place.

Cajal-like cells in the upper urinary tract: comparative study in various species.

The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play an important role in the control of gut motility. The recognition that the ICC cell membrane harbors the c-kit receptor (CD117) sparked rapid advancement in ICC research on the gut and certain pathologies using immunochemical and molecular methods. The question arises whether ICC exist in the upper urinary tract (UUT) and trigger motility.

Cajal-like cells in the human upper urinary tract.

Purpose: Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) have an important role in the regulation of gut motility as they are responsible for the slow wave activity of smooth muscle. It is still unknown if ICCs also occur in the human upper urinary tract. Since these cells express and are marked by the c-kit receptor CD117, we investigated its occurrence and distribution along the human upper urinary tract.

Different immunophenotypes in Buerger's disease.

Recently, we reviewed the morphology of 31 specimens of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO, Buerger's disease) in a multivariate analysis and showed that certain novel features of the affected vessels are different from arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) and thromboembolism. However, the pathogenic concept of TAO is still controversial. We applied immunohistochemistry to 58 amputated lower extremities and five autopsy controls.