A Comparison of Sequelae After a Practice Change From Vancomycin to Ampicillin Containing Antibiotic Regimens for Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

The aim of this study was to compare sequelae and acute kidney injury (AKI) occurrence among patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after changing institutional guidelines replacing vancomycin with ampicillin for gram-positive coverage. This was a retrospective, single-center cohort analysis of patients from 2016-2020 (n = 73) with NEC at a surgical neonatal intensive care unit with a high community prevalence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to assess associations.

Plague mitigation for prairie dog and black-footed ferret conservation: Degree and duration of flea control with 0.005% fipronil grain bait.

Sylvatic plague, a primarily flea-borne zoonosis, is a significant threat to prairie dogs ( spp., PDs) and their specialized predators, endangered black-footed ferrets (, BFFs). Host-fed fipronil baits have proven effective in controlling fleas on PDs for the purposes of plague mitigation and BFF conservation.

Updates in the Pharmacologic Prophylaxis and Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis in the Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units: Updates in the Pharmacologic Prophylaxis.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this review was to provide an update on the prevention and treatment options for invasive candidiasis (IC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Recent Findings: Studies have further validated the use of fluconazole for IC prophylaxis among high-risk patients in the NICU. It remains unclear if prophylaxis leads to resistance development and the ideal dosage regimen is still not clear.

How Broad Should Gram-Negative Coverage Be for Febrile Parenteral Nutrition Dependent Short Bowel Syndrome Patients?

Broader spectrum Gram-negative antibiotics are commonly utilized empirically for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in febrile short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients receiving home parenteral nutrition compared to those used empirically for inpatient-acquired CLABSI. This analysis reports 57 CLABSI in 22 patients with SBS admitted from the community and 78 inpatient-acquired CLABSI in 76 patients over a 5-year period. Proportional Gram-negative CLABSI was similar between the SBS and inpatient-acquired cohorts (43.

Social-cognitive mediators of the relationship of media exposure to acute mass violence and distress among adolescents.

Objective: Traditional and social media coverage of acute mass violence (AMV; e.g., terrorism, mass shootings) create an environment where the possibility of being the victim of AMV is constantly portrayed and this media exposure has been linked to distress among people not directly affected.

Factors affecting mental health service use among university students following an episode of mass violence.

Objective: Episodes of mass violence can increase mental health (MH) symptoms among survivors, possibly leading to increased MH service use. Within the context of an episode of mass violence that impacted a university community, we prospectively explore the predisposing (demographics, clinical levels of MH symptoms, victimization history, objective exposure, and social support), enabling (MH stigma, prior MH service use,), and need (MH symptoms, current social support) variables that influence posttragedy MH service use.

Method: In the original study, 593 students completed surveys at 2 time points during their first year of college.

Translation and linguistic validation of the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) into Danish.

Introduction: Patients with bronchiectasis suffer from breathlessness, cough and sputum production, which impairs quality of life. The Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ), a short and disease-specific questionnaire, has previously been developed and validated in English. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the BHQ in Danish, using established cross-cultural validation methods.

Acute Kidney Injury and Risk of Incident Heart Failure Among US Veterans.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and associated with poor outcomes. Heart failure is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease among patients with chronic kidney disease. The relationship between AKI and heart failure remains unknown and may identify a novel mechanistic link between kidney and cardiovascular disease.

Acute kidney injury is a risk factor for subsequent proteinuria.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with subsequent chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the mechanism is unclear. To clarify this, we examined the association of AKI and new-onset or worsening proteinuria during the 12 months following hospitalization in a national retrospective cohort of United States Veterans hospitalized between 2004-2012. Patients with and without AKI were matched using baseline demographics, comorbidities, proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) use, and inpatient exposures linked to AKI.

Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography in a National Veterans Health Administration Cohort With External Validation.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently after cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention. Although a clinical risk model exists for percutaneous coronary intervention, no models exist for both procedures, nor do existing models account for risk factors prior to the index admission. We aimed to develop such a model for use in prospective automated surveillance programs in the Veterans Health Administration.

Predictors of Recurrent AKI.

Recurrent AKI is common among patients after hospitalized AKI and is associated with progressive CKD. In this study, we identified clinical risk factors for recurrent AKI present during index AKI hospitalizations that occurred between 2003 and 2010 using a regional Veterans Administration database in the United States. AKI was defined as a 0.

Family structure, race, and adolescents' alcohol use: a research note.

Family structure is related to adolescents' drinking behavior differently for Blacks than Whites. Black adolescents were more likely to be heavy alcohol users when both natural parents were present, but the opposite was true for the whites. Only when non-White adolescents were in families with both parents, and the father had at least a high school education, did they drink near the rate of White adolescents.