Detecting Colorectal Neoplasia Using Specific Fecal Fluorogenic Protease-Sensitive Substrates: A Pilot Study.

Background: identification and removal of advanced adenomas (AA) reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and potentially mortality. CRC screening often uses fecal immunochemical testing to select high-risk individuals for colonoscopy, despite its low sensitivity for AA and relatively high false-positivity rate. Previous studies have linked proteases to CRC development through their ability to facilitate angiogenesis and immunoregulation.

A technical note on the Kamranmeter; a manually operated device for measuring salivary spinnbarkeit.

Objective: The objective was to develop a manually operatable, non-electric device to measure salivary spinnbarkeit for research, clinical and educational purposes.

Materials And Methods: A newly developed device, named the Kamranmeter, was built and evaluated in a pilot study, comparing the spinnbarkeit of unstimulated and chew-stimulated saliva samples from healthy volunteers. The Neva Meter, which operates on electrical resistance, was used as a reference standard.

Antiviral activity of cathelicidins against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV): Mechanisms, and efficacy.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a harmful coronavirus infecting pigs, which is resulting in substantial financial losses in the global pig industry. The lack of effective vaccines or treatments underscores the pressing need for new antiviral strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), specifically cathelicidins such as LL-37, have demonstrated promising activity against a range of viruses.

Scent of relief: Mastic resin scent recovers salivation in chronic dry mouth patients.

Background: Olfactory stimulation with mastic resin, derived from the Pistacia lentiscus tree, demonstrated a bona fide sialagogic effect in healthy volunteers [1]. Its main volatile compound, α-pinene, also showed this effect. The current study aimed to validate the effect of mastic resin volatiles in chronic dry mouth patients with confirmed decreased saliva secretion.

Supragingival microbiota, cytokines, and proteins in individuals with different trajectories in experimental gingivitis.

Background: Gingivitis in response to biofilm formation may exhibit different trajectories. The purposes of the present study were to characterize the composition of the supragingival microbiota and salivary cytokine and protein levels in healthy individuals with different gingivitis patterns, to test the hypothesis that manifestations of gingivitis associate with specific profiles in terms of supragingival microbiota, salivary cytokines, and proteins.

Methods: Forty orally and systemically healthy individuals refrained from all oral hygiene procedures for a period of 14 days, followed by a resolution period of 14 days with regular oral care.

Fecal proteolytic profiling of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot study.

Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, this invasive procedure has a high burden for pediatric patients. Previous research has shown elevated fecal amino acid concentrations in children with IBD versus controls.

Carbon dots combined with phytosphingosine inhibit acid-induced demineralization of hydroxyapatite in vitro.

Objectives: To study the effects of carbon dots (CDs), in combination with phytosphingosine (PHS), against acid-induced demineralization of hydroxyapatite in vitro.

Methods: CDs were generated from citric acid and urea by microwave heating. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), FT-IR, and fluorescence intensity were used to characterize the CDs.

Exploring the Correlation between Salivary Spinnbarkeit and Caries Scores.

Introduction: In this study, the relationship between the spinnbarkeit, i.e., the stretchability of saliva, and dental caries was investigated.

interaction with allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence.

In the oral cavity interacts with many oral bacteria, including , both physically and metabolically. The aim of this study was to characterize these interactions and study their effects on the survival of . First, metabolic interactions were evaluated by counting the colony forming units (CFU) after co-culturing.

The minimally important difference for the Xerostomia Inventory among Sjögren's disease patients.

Objective: Until now, the clinically relevant improvement for the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) has not been defined. Therefore, our aim was to determine the Minimally Important Difference (MID) of the XI for improvement in dry-mouth symptoms in SjD patients.

Method: The study recruited 34 SjD patients who underwent sialendoscopy of major salivary glands and 15 SjD patients in a nonintervention control group.

The diagnostic power of salivary electrolytes for Sjögren's disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the power of salivary electrolytes for the diagnosis of Sjögren's disease (SjD).

Methods: A literature search was conducted (last search March 2023) using PubMed and Web of Science and completed with a manual search. Articles were screened for reports of human salivary ion concentrations, comparing SjD patients with healthy controls and/or sicca patients.

Probiotics Partly Suppress the Impact of Sugar Stress on the Oral Microbiota-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The aim was to test if probiotics counteract oral dysbiosis during 14 days of sugar stress and subsequently help restore oral homeostasis. Eighty healthy individuals received either probiotics ( = 40) or placebo lozenges ( = 40) for 28 days and rinsed with a 10% sucrose solution 6-8 times during the initial 14 days of the trial. Saliva and supragingival samples were collected at baseline, day 14, and day 28.

Probiotics Support Resilience of the Oral Microbiota during Resolution after Experimental Gingivitis-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The present study aims to test whether probiotics protect against experimental gingivitis incited by 14 days of oral hygiene neglect and/or subsequently support the restoration of oral homeostasis. Eighty systemically and orally healthy participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 14 days, followed by 14 days with regular oral hygiene procedures. Additionally, participants consumed either probiotics ( = 40) or placebo ( = 40) throughout the trial.

Differential Modulation of Saliva-Derived Microcosm Biofilms by Antimicrobial Peptide LL-31 and D-LL-31.

Microbiome modulation, aiming to restore a health-compatible microbiota, is a novel strategy to treat periodontitis. This study evaluated the modulation effects of antimicrobial peptide LL-31 and its D-enantiomer (D-LL-31) on saliva-derived microcosm biofilms, spiked with or without . To this end, one-day-old biofilms were incubated for 24 h with biofilm medium alone, or medium containing 40 µM LL-31 or D-LL-31, after which biofilms were grown for 5 days.

Saliva Collection Methods Among Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Saliva can be used for screening and diagnostic purposes. Although multiple saliva collection methods are available, their use in children can be limited due to lack of cooperation, developmental stage, and age. The aim of this scoping review was to comprehensively appraise the different methods of saliva collection among both children and adolescents by assessing the available scientific literature.

Effects of LPS Structure on Antibacterial and Anti-Endotoxin Activities of Host Defense Peptides.

The binding of Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) to the endotoxin of Gram-negative bacteria has important unsolved aspects. For most HDPs, it is unclear if binding is part of the antibacterial mechanism or whether LPS actually provides a protective layer against HDP killing. In addition, HDP binding to LPS can block the subsequent TLR4-mediated activation of the immune system.

Current and Potential Applications of Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives in Oral Health Care.

Plant products have been employed in medicine for centuries. As the world becomes more health-conscious, there is a growing interest in natural and minimally processed products for oral health care. This has led to an increase in research into the bioactive compounds found in plant products, particularly monoterpenes.

Sialagogic Effects Through Olfactory Stimulation with Mastic Resin and α-pinene Volatiles in vivo.

Background: Xerostomia, often associated with decreased saliva quality, poses challenges due to limited treatment efficacy. This study aimed to investigate alternative approaches to enhance saliva secretion through olfactory volatile stimulation with mastic resin and its main compound α-pinene, known for inhibiting acetylcholinesterase in vitro.

Methods: The inhibitory effects of freshly prepared mastic resin extract oil and α-pinene oil on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were measured in vitro.

Comparing SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Human Saliva to Oropharyngeal Swabs, Nasopharyngeal Swabs, and Sputum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in human saliva and compared it with the loads in oropharyngeal swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, and sputum. In addition, the salivary viral loads of symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients were compared. Searches were conducted using four electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies published on SARS-CoV-2 loads expressed by values or copies/mL RNA.

Immunohistological profiling confirms salivary gland-like nature of the tubarial glands and suggests closest resemblance to the palatal salivary glands.

Background And Purpose: High label uptake in 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT recently identified a bilateral nasopharyngeal structure as a salivary gland (SG)-like additional 'area of interest', to be considered in conditions affecting SGs. These structures were termed 'tubarial glands'. We aimed to further characterize their histological and immunohistochemical position compared to established SGs.

The applications of carbon dots in oral health: A scoping review.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the research and potential applications of carbon dots (CDs) for oral health purposes.

Design: Systematic literature searches were performed on PubMed and Web of Science databases (up to February 2023). Two co-authors selected the published works independently and extracted the data in accordance with the PRISMA statement.