The impact of arachnoid structures on skull-base meningioma surgical management: a radiological analysis and narrative review.

The presence of intact arachnoid membranes between skull base meningiomas and critical neurovascular structures is crucial for predicting surgical outcomes, understanding tumor development and growth, and planning the feasibility of tumor resection or the need for adjuvant treatments. While neurosurgeons often utilize the subarachnoid cisterns to enhance access to these tumors and facilitate their removal, a comprehensive review aimed at health professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of this complex pathology, including radiologists, neurologists, oncologists, ophthalmologists, and neurosurgeons is still lacking. This study aims to summarize the interaction between skull base meningiomas, subarachnoid cisterns, and arachnoid membranes, emphasizing their significance in both the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.

Enhancing Patient Comprehension in Skull-Base Meningioma Surgery through 3D Volumetric Reconstructions: A Cost-Effective Approach.

Background: Understanding complex neurosurgical procedures and diseases, such as skull-base meningiomas, is challenging for patients due to the intricate anatomy and the involvement of critical neurovascular structures. Enhanced patient comprehension is crucial for satisfaction and improved clinical outcomes. Patient-specific 3D models have demonstrated benefits in patient education, though they are costly and time-intensive to produce.

Complex intracranial aneurysms: a DELPHI study to define associated characteristics.

Purpose: Intracranial aneurysms present significant health risks, as their rupture leads to subarachnoid haemorrhage, which in turn has high morbidity and mortality rates. There are several elements affecting the complexity of an intracranial aneurysm. However, criteria for defining a complex intracranial aneurysm (CIA) in open surgery and endovascular treatment could differ, and actually there is no consensus on the definition of a "complex" aneurysm.

Robust detection of clinically relevant features in single-cell RNA profiles of patient-matched fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung cancer tissue.

Purpose: Single-cell transcriptional profiling reveals cell heterogeneity and clinically relevant traits in intra-operatively collected patient-derived tissue. So far, single-cell studies have been constrained by the requirement for prospectively collected fresh or cryopreserved tissue. This limitation might be overcome by recent technical developments enabling single-cell analysis of FFPE tissue.

Psychometric Validation of the Nursing Professional Competence Scale Among Italian Nurses and Albanian Nursing Students.

The main aim of this study has been the psychometric validation of an Italian translation of the Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form (I-NPCS-SF), testing its validity and reliability. A multiphase design was used for the I-NPCS-SF translation and psychometric validation: (a) cultural and linguistic validation, (b) content and face validity, and (c) construct validity. The I-NPCS-SF showed adequate linguistic translation, cultural adaptation, and content validity.

A facile, semi-automatic protocol for the design and production of 3D printed, anatomical customized orthopedic casts for forearm fractures.

Closed fractures of distal radius and ulna are one of the most common skeletal injuries, occurring at all ages. Temporary arm immobilization through cast is part of the standard treatments. However, traditional casting procedures are time consuming, operator's skill dependent and do not always guarantee a satisfactory outcome.

Histone H3 clipping is a novel signature of human neutrophil extracellular traps.

Neutrophils are critical to host defence, executing diverse strategies to perform their antimicrobial and regulatory functions. One tactic is the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In response to certain stimuli, neutrophils decondense their lobulated nucleus and release chromatin into the extracellular space through a process called NETosis.

Ferroptosis Involvement in Glioblastoma Treatment.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the deadliest brain tumors. Current standard therapy includes tumor resection surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Due to the tumors invasive nature, recurrences are almost a certainty, giving the patients after diagnosis only a 12-15 months average survival time.

Feeding Brassica vegetables to rats leads to the formation of characteristic DNA adducts (from 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate) in many tissues.

Juices of Brassica vegetables are mutagenic and form characteristic DNA adducts in bacteria and mammalian cells. In this study, we examined whether such adducts are also formed in vivo in animal models. Rats fed raw broccoli ad libitum in addition to normal laboratory chow for 5 weeks showed one major adduct spot and sometimes an additional minor adduct spot in liver, kidney, lung, blood and the gastrointestinal tract, as determined by P-postlabelling/thin-layer chromatography.

Pulse-shape discrimination against low-energy Ar-39 beta decays in liquid argon with 4.5 tonne-years of DEAP-3600 data.

The DEAP-3600 detector searches for the scintillation signal from dark matter particles scattering on a 3.3 tonne liquid argon target. The largest background comes from beta decays and is suppressed using pulse-shape discrimination (PSD).

Association of RAD51 with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and clinical outcomes in untreated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): analysis of the GeparSixto randomized clinical trial.

Background: Current genetic and genomic tests measuring homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) show limited predictive value. This study compares the performance of an immunohistology-based RAD51 test with genetic/genomic tests to identify patients with HRD primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and evaluates its accuracy to select patients sensitive to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective, blinded, biomarker analysis from the GeparSixto randomized clinical trial.

Evaluation of circulating cell-free KRAS mutational status as a molecular monitoring tool in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic carcinoma carries a devastating prognosis and is the 4th leading cause for cancer related death in the US and most European countries. Apart from imaging and CA 19-9, pancreatic carcinoma is still lacking reliable markers to assess tumor dynamics and to monitor treatment response over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of cell free tumor-DNA (cft-DNA), respectively KRAS mutation in peripheral blood, detection as a prognostic and predictive value for chemotherapy monitoring.

Parental migrant status and health inequalities at birth: The role of immigrant educational selectivity.

Immigrants tend to exhibit better health than natives despite immigrants' more disadvantaged socioeconomic status. This paradox has often been attributed to immigrants' pre-migration selectivity. However, most empirical studies investigating the role of selectivity have focused on adult health; less attention has been paid to children's birth outcomes outside the U.

Cerebrolysin after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: prospective meta-analysis of the CAPTAIN trial series.

Introduction: This prospective meta-analysis summarizes results from the CAPTAIN trial series, evaluating the effects of Cerebrolysin for moderate-severe traumatic brain injury, as an add-on to usual care.

Materials And Methods: The study included two phase IIIb/IV prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Eligible patients with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) between 6 and 12 received study medication (50 mL of Cerebrolysin or physiological saline solution per day for ten days, followed by two additional treatment cycles with 10 mL per day for 10 days) in addition to usual care.

Consensus statement from the international consensus meeting on post-traumatic cranioplasty.

Background: Due to the lack of high-quality evidence which has hindered the development of evidence-based guidelines, there is a need to provide general guidance on cranioplasty (CP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach.

Methods: The international consensus meeting on post-traumatic CP was held during the International Conference on Recent Advances in Neurotraumatology (ICRAN), in Naples, Italy, in June 2018. This meeting was endorsed by the Neurotrauma Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, and several other neurotrauma organizations.

The Roles of miRNA in Glioblastoma Tumor Cell Communication: Diplomatic and Aggressive Negotiations.

Glioblastoma (GBM) consists of a heterogeneous collection of competing cellular clones which communicate with each other and with the tumor microenvironment (TME). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) present various exchange mechanisms: free miRNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or gap junctions (GJs). GBM cells transfer miR-4519 and miR-5096 to astrocytes through GJs.

Efficacy and safety of cerebrolysin in neurorecovery after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: results from the CAPTAIN II trial.

Introduction: The objective of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cerebrolysin in treating patients after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) as an adjunct to standard care protocols. The trial was designed to investigate the clinical effects of Cerebrolysin in the acute (neuroprotective) stage and during early and long-term recovery as part of a neurorestorative strategy.

Materials And Methods: The study was a phase IIIb/IV single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Crowds and power - coordinated in vitro development of a benign breast lesion.

We have discovered an organoid culture approach that recapitulates morphology and coordinated development of a benign breast tumor. This system may be useful to groups investigating normal mammary gland biology and coordination of collective cell behavior in the mammary gland.

The role of p-Stat3 Y705 immunohistochemistry in glioblastoma prognosis.

Background: In spite of the multimodal treatment used today, glioblastoma is still the most aggressive and lethal cerebral tumour. To increase survival in these patients, novel therapeutic targets must be discovered. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), a transcription factor that controls normal cell differentiation and survival is also involved in neoplastic celltransformation.

High dose vs low dose irradiation of the subventricular zone in patients with glioblastoma-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The published data indicate that the irradiation of the subventricular zone (SVZ) might play a role in the treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). We aimed to determine whether radiation treatment doses (high vs low) applied to the SVZ can lead to an increase in progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Patients And Methods: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PICOS research criteria of patients with glioblastoma which received high doses compared to low doses in order to determine if they have a better survival in observational and experimental studies.

Proteomic Advances in Glial Tumors through Mass Spectrometry Approaches.

Being the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death, glial tumors are highly diverse tumor entities characterized by important heterogeneity regarding tumor malignancy and prognosis. However, despite the identification of important alterations in the genome of the glial tumors, there remains a gap in understanding the mechanisms involved in glioma malignancy. Previous research focused on decoding the genomic alterations in these tumors, but due to intricate cellular mechanisms, the genomic findings do not correlate with the functional proteins expressed at the cellular level.

A human organoid system that self-organizes to recapitulate growth and differentiation of a benign mammary tumor.

As 3D culture has become central to investigation of tissue biology, mammary epithelial organoids have emerged as powerful tools for investigation of epithelial cell polarization and carcinogenesis. However, most current protocols start from single cells suspended in Matrigel, which can also restrict cell differentiation and behavior. Here, we show that the noncancerous mammary cell line HMT-3522 S1, when allowed to spontaneously form cell aggregates ("spheroids") in medium without Matrigel, switches to a collective growth mode that recapitulates many attributes of "usual ductal hyperplasia" (UDH), a common benign mammary lesion.

1-Methoxy-3-indolylmethyl DNA adducts in six tissues, and blood protein adducts, in mice under pak choi diet: time course and persistence.

We previously showed that purified 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl (1-MIM) glucosinolate, a secondary plant metabolite in Brassica species, is mutagenic in various in vitro systems and forms DNA and protein adducts in mouse models. In the present study, we administered 1-MIM glucosinolate in a natural matrix to mice, by feeding a diet containing pak choi powder and extract. Groups of animals were killed after 1, 2, 4 and 8 days of pak choi diet, directly or, in the case of the 8-day treatment, after 0, 8 and 16 days of recovery with pak choi-free diet.