Cyanobacteria are phototrophic prokaryotes that evolved oxygenic photosynthesis ∼2.7 billion y ago and are presently responsible for ∼10% of total global photosynthetic production. To cope with the evolutionary pressure of dropping ambient CO concentrations, they evolved a CO-concentrating mechanism (CCM) to augment intracellular inorganic carbon (C) levels for efficient CO fixation.
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