The allocation of resources in the care for patients with panic disorder in Germany: an excess cost analysis informing policy and science.

Background: Panic disorder is a mental disorder of high prevalence, which frequently co-occurs with agoraphobia. There is a lack of studies measuring excess costs of panic disorder patients with and without agoraphobia. We compared costs of panic disorder patients with or without agoraphobia with costs of the anxiety-free population in Germany.

Economic evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy and Internet-based guided self-help for binge-eating disorder.

Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of individual face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) compared to therapist guided Internet-based self-help (GSH-I) in overweight or obese adults with binge-eating disorder (BED).

Method: Analysis was conducted alongside the multicenter randomized controlled INTERBED trial. CBT (n = 76) consisted of up to 20 individual therapy sessions over 4 months.

Excess costs from functional somatic syndromes in Germany - An analysis using entropy balancing.

Aim: The aim of this study was to calculate disorder-specific excess costs in patients with functional somatic syndromes (FSS).

Methods: We compared 6-month direct and indirect costs in a patient group with FSS (n=273) to a control group of the general adult population in Germany without FSS (n=2914). Data on the patient group were collected between 2007 and 2009 in a randomized controlled trial (speciAL).

Excess costs of social anxiety disorder in Germany.

Background: Social anxiety disorder is one of the most frequent mental disorders. It is often associated with mental comorbidities and causes a high economic burden. The aim of our analysis was to estimate the excess costs of patients with social anxiety disorder compared to persons without anxiety disorder in Germany.

The impact of preventive measures on the burden of femoral fractures - a modelling approach to estimating the impact of fall prevention exercises and oral bisphosphonate treatment for the years 2014 and 2025.

Background: Due to the demographic transition with a growing number of old and oldest-old persons the absolute number of fragility fractures is expected to increase in industrialized countries unless effective preventive efforts are intensified. The main causes leading to fractures are osteoporosis and falls. The aim of this study is to develop population based models of the potential impact of fall-prevention exercise and oral bisphosphonates over the coming decade.

Economic evaluation of vitamin D and calcium food fortification for fracture prevention in Germany.

Objective: The study evaluates the economic benefit of population-wide vitamin D and Ca food fortification in Germany.

Design: Based on a spreadsheet model, we compared the cost of a population-wide vitamin D and Ca food-fortification programme with the potential cost savings from prevented fractures in the German female population aged 65 years and older.

Setting: The annual burden of disease and the intervention cost were assessed for two scenarios: (i) no food fortification; and (ii) voluntary food fortification with 20 µg (800 IU) of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 200 mg of Ca.

Expected lifetime numbers and costs of fractures in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis in Germany: a discrete event simulation model.

Background: Osteoporotic fractures cause a large health burden and substantial costs. This study estimated the expected fracture numbers and costs for the remaining lifetime of postmenopausal women in Germany.

Methods: A discrete event simulation (DES) model which tracks changes in fracture risk due to osteoporosis, a previous fracture or institutionalization in a nursing home was developed.

Pelvic fracture rates in community-living people with and without disability and in residents of nursing homes.

Objectives: There are limited data on the epidemiology of pelvic fractures. The purpose of this study was to calculate incidence rates of pelvic fractures leading to hospital admission and to compare incidence rates between residents of nursing homes and community-dwelling persons with and without care need.

Methods: Data were retrieved from a database of the largest health insurance company in Bavaria, Germany.

Femoral fracture rates in people with and without disability.

Objective: to estimate femoral fracture rates in community-dwelling older people without care need (CCN(-)), in community-dwelling older people with care need (CCN(+)) and in residents of nursing homes (RNH) and to determine their contribution to the overall burden of femoral fractures.

Methods: routine data of more than 1.2 million German people aged 65 years and more were used to calculate sex- and age-specific femoral fracture rates in the three groups CCN(-), CCN(+) and RNH.