Mycotic aneurysm due to Magnusiomyces capitatus complicating a second liver transplant in a colonized patient.

This report presents an extremely rare case of a fungal mycotic aneurysm due to Magnusiomyces capitatus in a 51-year-old woman who is immunocompromised. The diagnosis was based on multiple computed tomography scans and the identification of the pathogen via sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Long-term treatment with caspofungin for previous candidemia likely promoted the dissemination of this intrinsically echinocandin-resistant fungus from colonization sites in the lungs and rectal area.

Phage Therapy in a Burn Patient Colonized with Extensively Drug-Resistant Responsible for Relapsing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Bacteriemia.

is one of the main causes of healthcare-associated infection in Europe that increases patient morbidity and mortality. Multi-resistant pathogens are a major public health issue in burn centers. Mortality increases when the initial antibiotic treatment is inappropriate, especially if the patient is infected with strains that are resistant to many antibiotics.

Development and validation of a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia for preclinical drug development.

Background: New drugs targeting antimicrobial resistant pathogens, including , have been challenging to evaluate in clinical trials, particularly for the non-ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia indications. Development of new antibacterial drugs is facilitated by preclinical animal models that could predict clinical efficacy in patients with these infections.

Methods: We report here an FDA-funded study to develop a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia with by determining the extent to which the natural history of animal disease reproduced human pathophysiology and conducting validation studies to evaluate whether humanized dosing regimens of two antibiotics, meropenem and tobramycin, can halt or reverse disease progression.

Burden of influenza in the elderly: a narrative review.

Purpose Of Review: This review provides an update on specificities of influenza in older adults (≥65-year-old), including epidemiology, burden in terms of hospitalization and mortality, extra-respiratory complications and specific challenges of prevention.

Recent Findings: In the past 2 years, influenza activity was drastically reduced by barrier measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. A recent French epidemiological study covering 2010-2018 epidemic seasons estimated that 75% of costs induced by influenza-associated hospitalizations and complications were attributable to older adults, a population bearing more than 90% of influenza-associated excess mortality.

Staphylococcus lugdunensis prosthetic joint infection: A multicentric cohort study.

Objectives: To describe Staphylococcus lugdunensis prosthetic joint infection (PJI) management and outcome.

Methods: Adults with proven S. lugdunensis PJI were included in a multicentric retrospective cohort.

A Simple-to-Perform mRNA Gene Expression Assay on Whole Blood Accurately Appraises Varicella Zoster Virus-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Herpes zoster, which is due to the reactivation of Varicella zoster virus (VZV), is a leading cause of morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). While cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is critical to inhibiting VZV reactivation, CMI is not routinely assessed due to a lack of reliable tests. In this study, we aimed to evaluate VZV-specific CMI among allo-HSCT recipients (n = 60) and healthy individuals (HI, n = 17) through a panel of three immune functional assays after stimulation by VZV antigen: quantification of (i) IFN-γ release in the supernatants, (ii) T-cell proliferation after a 7-day stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and (iii) measurement of the - mRNA gene expression level after 24 h of stimulation of a whole-blood sample.

Osteocutaneous-flap-related osteomyelitis following mandibular reconstruction: a cohort study of an emerging and complex bone infection.

Osteocutaneous flap (OCF) mandible reconstruction is at high risk for surgical site infection. This study aimed to describe diagnosis, management, and outcome of OCF-related osteomyelitis. All patients managed at our institution for an OCF-related osteomyelitis following mandible reconstruction were included in a retrospective cohort study (2012-2019).

Necrotizing external otitis: analysis of relapse risk factors in 66 patients managed during a 12 year period.

Background: Necrotizing external otitis (NEO) is a severe infection of the skull base that occurs generally in the elderly and/or in diabetic recipients. There are few data in the literature about the therapeutic management of this complex bone infection.

Objectives: To analyse relapses after NEO treatment completion, and to describe the clinical features of NEO.

Prognosis and factors associated with disseminated nocardiosis: a ten-year multicenter study.

Objectives: Nocardiosis is a rare opportunistic infection that is frequently associated with dissemination (i.e. involvement of several body sites).

Cost of off-label antibiotic therapy for bone and joint infections: a 6-year prospective monocentric observational cohort study in a referral centre for management of complex osteo-articular infections.

: Costs related to bone and joint infection (BJI) management are increasing worldwide, particularly due to the growing use of off-label antibiotics that are expensive treatments (ETs), in conjunction with increasing incidence of multi-drug-resistant pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the whole costs related to these treatments during the patient route, including those attributed to the rehabilitation centre (RC) stay in one regional referral centre in France. The total annual cost of ETs for managing complex BJIs in France was then estimated.

In vitro antibiotic activity against intraosteoblastic Staphylococcus aureus: a narrative review of the literature.

Staphylococcus aureus - a major aetiological agent of bone and joint infection (BJI) - is associated with a high risk of relapse and chronicity, in part due to its ability to invade and persist in non-professional phagocytic bone cells such as osteoblasts. This intracellular reservoir protects S. aureus from the action of the immune system and most antibiotics.

Evaluation of intraosteoblastic activity of dalbavancin against Staphylococcus aureus in an ex vivo model of bone cell infection.

Objectives: Long-acting lipoglycopeptides are promising therapeutic options in Staphylococcus aureus bone and joint infections (BJIs). This study evaluated the ability of dalbavancin to eradicate the intraosteoblastic reservoir of S. aureus, associated with BJI chronicity.

Safety of Tedizolid as Suppressive Antimicrobial Therapy for Patients With Complex Implant-Associated Bone and Joint Infection due to Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Pathogens: Results From the TediSAT Cohort Study.

A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate long-term safety of tedizolid as suppressive antimicrobial treatment in patients with implant-associated bone and joint infection caused by multidrug-resistant gram-positive pathogens. Seventeen patients received tedizolid with a median duration of treatment of 6 months. No patients developed a serious adverse event.

Lysosomal alkalization to potentiate eradication of intra-osteoblastic Staphylococcus aureus in the bone and joint infection setting.

Objectives: Beyond intracellular penetration, acidic lysosomal pH might affect the intracellular activity of some antimicrobials. This study evaluated the ability of lysosomotropic alkalizing agents to potentiate the antimicrobial eradication of an intra-osteoblastic Staphylococcus aureus reservoir in the setting of bone and joint infection (BJI).

Methods: MICs of 16 anti-staphylococcal molecules active against methicillin-sensitive S.

Multimechanistic Monoclonal Antibody Combination Targeting Key Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Determinants in a Rabbit Model of Prosthetic Joint Infection.

In a rabbit model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection (PJI), prophylaxis with AZD6389*-a combination of three monoclonal antibodies targeting alpha-hemolysin, bicomponent cytotoxins (LukSF/LukED/HlgAB/HlgCB), and clumping factor A-resulted in significant reductions in joint swelling, erythema, intra-articular pus, and bacterial burden in synovial tissues and biofilm-associated prosthetic implants compared with isotype-matched control IgG. Targeting specific staphylococcal virulence factors may thus have potential clinical utility for prevention of PJI.

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Dosage Individualization of Suppressive Beta-Lactam Therapy Administered by Subcutaneous Route in Patients With Prosthetic Joint Infection.

Suppressive parenteral antibiotic therapy with beta-lactams may be necessary in patients with Gram-negative bone and joint infection (BJI). Subcutaneous drug administration can facilitate this therapy in outpatient setting, but there is limited information about this practice. We have developed an original approach for drug dosing in this context, based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) principles.

Bone and Joint Infection Involving spp.: From Clinical Features to Pathophysiological Pathways.

Corynebacteria represent often-neglected etiological agents of post-traumatic and/or post-operative bone and joint infection (BJI). We describe here clinical characteristics and bacteriological determinants of this condition. A retrospective cohort study described characteristics, outcome and determinants of treatment failure of all patients with proven spp.

Implant-Associated Bone and Joint Infections: Experience in a Regional Reference Center in France.

implant-associated bone and joint infections (BJI) is considered to be one of the most difficult to treat BJI. The data focusing specifically on this pathogen are sparse, and it seems difficult to extrapolate the results obtained with . We performed a retrospective observation study of all implant-associated BJI diagnosed at our institution from 2011 to 2018.

Investigation of a Strain Involved in a Chronic Prosthetic-Joint Infection.

is an emerging species responsible for infections comparable to those induced by . It has been involved in few chronic or persistent infections so far. In this study, we described a case of a persistent prosthetic-joint infection (PJI) affecting a young woman.

Incidence, management and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult lung transplant recipients: a 9-year retrospective multicentre study.

Objectives: To analyse functional outcome parameters according to antimicrobial treatments after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-confirmed infection in adult lung transplant recipients.

Methods: A 9-year retrospective multicentre cohort study (2011-19) included adult lung transplant recipients with RSV-confirmed infection. The first endpoint determined new allograft dysfunction (acute graft rejection and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)) 3 months after infection.